Abstract: A method of preparing M-N—C catalysts utilizing a sacrificial support approach and inexpensive and readily available polymer precursors as the source of nitrogen and carbon is disclosed. Exemplary polymer precursors include non-porphyrin precursors with no initial catalytic activity. Examples of suitable non-catalytic non-porphyrin precursors include, but are not necessarily limited to low molecular weight precursors that form complexes with iron such as 4-aminoantipirine, phenylenediamine, hydroxysuccinimide, ethanolamine, and the like.

Abstract: Novel catalytic materials and novel methods of preparing M-N—C catalytic materials utilizing a sacrificial support approach and using inexpensive active polymers as the carbon and nitrogen source and readily available metal precursors are described.

Abstract: A method of preparation of metal-chalcogen-nitrogen-carbon (M-Ch-N—C) catalytic material utilizing a sacrificial support approach and using inexpensive and readily available precursors is described. Furthermore, the catalytic materials synthesized using the disclosed methods include multiple types of active sites.

Abstract: A method of preparing M-N—C catalysts utilizing a sacrificial support approach and inexpensive and readily available polymer precursors as the source of nitrogen and carbon is disclosed. Exemplary polymer precursors include those that do not form complexes with iron, but which do complex with silica, for example, polyetheleneimine (PEI), Poly(2-ethyl-2-oxazoline), Poly(acrylamide-co-diallyldimethylammonium chloride), Poly(melamine-co-formaldehyde), Poly[[6-[(1,1,3,3-tetramethylbutyl)amino]-s-triazine-2,4-diyl]-[(2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-piperidyl)imino]-hexamethylene-[(2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-piperidyl)imino] and the like.

Abstract: A method of preparing M-N—C catalysts utilizing a sacrificial support approach and inexpensive and readily available polymer precursors as the source of nitrogen and carbon is disclosed. Exemplary polymer precursors include non-porphyrin precursors with no initial catalytic activity. Examples of suitable non-catalytic non-porphyrin precursors include, but are not necessarily limited to low molecular weight precursors that form complexes with iron such as 4-aminoantipirine, phenylenediamine, hydroxysuccinimide, ethanolamine, and the like.

Abstract: A method of preparing M-N-C catalysts utilizing a sacrificial support approach and inexpensive and readily available polymer precursors as the source of nitrogen and carbon is disclosed. Exemplary polymer precursors include those that do not form complexes with iron, but which do complex with silica, for example, polyetheleneimine (PEI), Poly(2-ethyl-2-oxazoline), Poly(acrylamide-co-diallyldimethylammonium chloride), Poly(melamine-co-formaldehyde), Poly[[6-[(1,1,3,3-tetramethylbutyl)amino]-s-triazine-2,4-diyl]-[(2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-piperidyl)imino]-hexamethylene-[(2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-piperidyl)imino] and the like.

Abstract: Novel catalytic materials and novel methods of preparing M—N—C catalytic materials utilizing a sacrificial support approach and using inexpensive active polymers as the carbon and nitrogen source and readily available metal precursors are described.

Abstract: A method of preparation of metal-chalcogen-nitrogen-carbon (M-Ch-N—C) catalytic material utilizing a sacrificial support approach and using inexpensive and readily available precursors is described. Furthermore, the catalytic materials synthesized using the disclosed methods include multiple types of active sites.

Abstract: Methods for forming novel fuel cell catalysts are described. The catalyst has a physical structure that is the inverse image of a plurality of hierarchically structured sacrificial support particles. The particles may be formed independently and then infused with one or more transitional metallic salts and nitrogen carbon precursors, or the sacrificial support precursors, transitional metallic salts, and nitrogen carbon precursors may all be combined in such a way that a hierarchically structured sacrificial support with the infused transitional metallic salts and nitrogen carbon precursors is formed in a single step. The infused sacrificial support is then pyrolized, at least once, and the sacrificial support is removed, resulting in the catalyst.

Abstract: Novel catalytic materials and methods for producing the same are shown and described. The present disclosure provides catalytic materials formed from producing an alloy of an oxophilic metal and a metal having electro-oxidative activity using spray pyrolysis. The present disclosure further provides methods and mechanisms for both detecting and removing hydrazine from a system.