Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for the preparation of diverse known and novel cannabinoids 5, which include cannabigerol (CBG, 1), cannabigerolic acid (CBGA, 2), cannabigerovarin (CBGV, 3), cannabigerovarinic acid (CBGVA, 4) and other naturally occurring monocyclic cannabinoids and other analogues from simple inexpensive starting materials using a cascade sequence of allylic rearrangement and aromatization. Novel cannabinoids of series 5 are also claimed as part of the invention. These synthesized cannabinoids, unlike the minor cannabinoids isolated from Cannabis saliva or synthesized from the condensation reactions such as the reactions of substituted resorcinols with monoterpenes, are much easier to obtain at high purity levels. In particular, these cannabinoids, including but not limited to cannabigerol (CBG, 1), cannabigerolic acid (CBGA, 2), cannabigerovarin (CBGV, 3) and cannabigerovarinic acid (CBGVA, 4) are obtained without contamination with impurities with variation in RA and RB (e.g.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of diverse known and novel cannabinoids (5), which include cannabinol (CBN, 1), cannabinolic acid (CBNA, 2), cannabivarin (CBV, 3) and cannabivarinic acid (CBVA, 4) and other naturally occurring monocyclic and tricyclic cannabinoids and other analogues from simple inexpensive starting materials using a cascade sequence of allylic rearrangement, aromatization and, as appropriate, further highly selective cyclization reactions. Additionally, cannabinoids of the formula (5) and intermediates of the formula (9) form part of the invention. Use of medicaments comprising one or more of the disclosed cannabinoids alone or admixed with one or more other cannabinoids is also disclosed.

Abstract: The present invention relates to intermediate compounds for the synthesis of novel cannabinoids 1 and 2, synthesized from simple starting materials using a cascade sequence of allylic rearrangement, aromatization and, for tetracyclic cannabinoids, further highly stereoselective and regioselective cyclization. These synthesized cannabinoids can more easily be obtained at high purity levels than cannabinoids isolated or synthesized via known methods. The cannabinoids 2 are obtained containing very low levels of isomeric cannabinoids such as the undesirable ?8-tetrahydrocannabinol. The analogues with variation in aromatic ring substituents, whilst easily synthesized with the new methodology, would be much more difficult to make from any of the components of cannabis oil. Novel compounds of the formulas 3 and 6, useful as intermediates for the synthesis of the cannabinoids of advanced intermediates 4 and 5 as well as cannabinoids of the formulas 1 and 2, are disclosed.

Abstract: Disclosed are stable peptides that have renalase agonist activity and are useful for treating diseases such as AKI and AP, including those relating to SARS-CoV-2

Abstract: The present invention relates to intermediate compounds for the synthesis of novel cannabinoids 1 and 2, synthesized from simple starting materials using a cascade sequence of allylic rearrangement, aromatization and, for tetracyclic cannabinoids, further highly stereoselective and regioselective cyclization. These synthesized cannabinoids can more easily be obtained at high purity levels than cannabinoids isolated or synthesized via known methods. The cannabinoids 2 are obtained containing very low levels of isomeric cannabinoids such as the undesirable ?8-tetrahydrocannabinol. The analogues with variation in aromatic ring substituents, whilst easily synthesized with the new methodology, would be much more difficult to make from any of the components of cannabis oil. Novel compounds of the formulas 3 and 6, useful as intermediates for the synthesis of the cannabinoids of advanced intermediates 4 and 5 as well as cannabinoids of the formulas 1 and 2, are disclosed.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of substantially pure diverse known and novel cannabinoids 1 and 2, which include ?9-tetrahydrocannabinol (7), tetrahydrocannabivarin (9), cannabidiol (11), cannabidivarin (12) and other naturally occurring tetracyclic and tricyclic cannabinoids and other synthetic tetracyclic and tricyclic analogues, via intermediates 3, 6, 4 and 5, using a cascade sequence of allylic rearrangement, aromatization and, for the tetracyclic cannabinoids, further highly stereoselective and regioselective cyclization. These synthesized cannabinoids can more easily be obtained at high purity levels than cannabinoids isolated or synthesized via known methods. The cannabinoids 2, including ?9-tetrahydrocannabinol (7), tetrahydrocannabivarin (9), are obtained containing very low levels of isomeric cannabinoids such as the undesirable ?8-tetrahydrocannabinol.

Abstract: The present invention relates to novel cannabinoids 1 and 2, synthesized from simple starting materials using a cascade sequence of allylic rearrangement, aromatization and, for tetracyclic cannabinoids, further highly stereoselective and regioselective cyclization. These synthesized cannabinoids can more easily be obtained at high purity levels than cannabinoids isolated or synthesized via known methods. The cannabinoids 2 are obtained containing very low levels of isomeric cannabinoids such as the undesirable ?8-tetrahydrocannabinol. The analogues with variation in aromatic ring substituents, whilst easily synthesized with the new methodology, would be much more difficult to make from any of the components of cannabis oil. Novel compounds of the formulas 3, 4, 5 and 6, as intermediates for the synthesis of the cannabinoids of the formulas 1 and 2 are also disclosed.

Abstract: The use of a medicament as a single agent, binary agent, or other combination comprising of substantially pure novel cannabinoids 1 and 2, optionally admixed with one or more known and novel cannabinoids and other known naturally occurring and synthetic tetracyclic 2A and tricyclic 1A cannabinoids for the prevention, treatment or cure of inflammatory mediated diseases or inflammatory mediated pathological conditions, anorexia, arthritis, cancer, pain, glaucoma, migraine, persistent muscle spasms, seizures (epileptic seizures), severe nausea, PTSD, autism spectrum disorder, drug abuse, insomnia, or any other chronic or persistent medical symptom.

Abstract: The present invention relates to novel cannabinoids 1 and 2, synthesized from simple starting materials using a cascade sequence of allylic rearrangement, aromatization and, for tetracyclic cannabinoids, further highly stereoselective and regioselective cyclization. These synthesized cannabinoids can more easily be obtained at high purity levels than cannabinoids isolated or synthesized via known methods. The cannabinoids 2 are obtained containing very low levels of isomeric cannabinoids such as the undesirable ?8-tetrahydrocannabinol. The analogues with variation in aromatic ring substituents, whilst easily synthesized with the new methodology, would be much more difficult to make from any of the components of cannabis oil. Novel compounds of the formulas 3, 4, 5 and 6, as intermediates for the synthesis of the cannabinoids of the formulas 1 and 2 are also disclosed.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of substantially pure diverse known and novel cannabinoids 1 and 2, which include ?9-tetrahydrocannabinol (7), tetrahydrocannabivarin (9), cannabidiol (11), cannabidivarin (12) and other naturally occurring tetracyclic and tricyclic cannabinoids and other synthetic tetracyclic and tricyclic analogues, via intermediates 3, 6, 4 and 5, using a cascade sequence of allylic rearrangement, aromatization and, for the tetracyclic cannabinoids, further highly stereoselective and regioselective cyclization. These synthesized cannabinoids can more easily be obtained at high purity levels than cannabinoids isolated or synthesized via known methods. The cannabinoids 2, including ?9-tetrahydrocannabinol (7), tetrahydrocannabivarin (9), are obtained containing very low levels of isomeric cannabinoids such as the undesirable ?8-tetrahydrocannabinol.

Abstract: A method of producing mesenchymal stem cells from induced pluripotent stem cells in which induced pluripotent stem cells are cultured in the presence of a TGF-? inhibitor an in an atmosphere containing from about 7 vol. % to about 8 vol. % CO2 for a period of time from about 20 day to about 35 days. The cells then are transferred to a culture dish having a hydrophilic surface, and the cells are cultured in a medium containing a TGF-? inhibitor for a period of time sufficient to produce mesenchymal stem cells. Such mesenchymal stem cells are more stable and less likely to form tumors, cancers, or teratomas. Also, the induced pluripotent stem cells may be genetically engineered with at least one polynucleotide encoding a therapeutic agent and then are cultured as hereinabove described to provide genetically engineered mesenchymal stem cells that express sustained amounts of a biologically active protein or polypeptide.

Abstract: Isolated mesenchymal stem cells, which produce mRNA encoding TSG-6 protein or a biologically active fragment, derivative, or analogue thereof in an amount of at least a first preselected amount, or produce mRNA encoding TSG-6 protein or a biologically active fragment, derivative, or analogue thereof in an amount that does not exceed a second preselected amount, as determined by an assay, such as a RT-PCR assay. Isolated mesenchymal stem cells that produce mRNA encoding TSG-6 protein or a biologically active fragment, derivative, or analogue thereof in an amount of at least the first preselected amount are useful in treating diseases, conditions, and disorders associated with inflammation, while isolated mesenchymal stem cells that produce mRNA encoding TSG-6 protein or a biologically active fragment, derivative, or analogue thereof in an amount that does not exceed the second preselected amount are useful in treating bone diseases, conditions, and disorders, including bone injuries.

Abstract: The present invention encompasses methods and compositions for treating an ocular disease, disorder or condition in a mammal. The invention includes a population of mesenchymal stromal cells that possess anti-inflammatory, anti-apoptotic, immune modulatory and anti-tumorigenic properties. The invention includes administration of TSG-6, STC-1, or a combination thereof to the ocular as a treatment for an ocular disease, disorder or condition in a mammal.

Abstract: The present invention encompasses methods and compositions for treating an ocular disease, disorder or condition in a mammal. The invention includes a population of mesenchymal stromal cells that possess anti-inflammatory, anti-apoptotic, immune modulatory and anti-tumorigenic properties. The invention includes administration of TSG-6, STC-1, or a combination thereof to the ocular as a treatment for an ocular disease, disorder or condition in a mammal.

Abstract: The present invention encompasses methods and compositions for treating an ocular disease, disorder or condition in a mammal. The invention includes a population of mesenchymal stromal cells that possess anti-inflammatory, anti-apoptotic, immune modulatory and anti-tumorigenic properties. The invention includes administration of TSG-6, STC-1, or a combination thereof to the ocular as a treatment for an ocular disease, disorder or condition in a mammal.

Abstract: Isolated mesenchymal stem cells, which produce mRNA encoding TSG-6 protein or a biologically active fragment, derivative, or analogue thereof in an amount of at least a first preselected amount, or produce mRNA encoding TSG-6 protein or a biologically active fragment, derivative, or analogue thereof in an amount that does not exceed a second preselected amount, as determined by an assay, such as a RT-PCR assay. Isolated mesenchymal stem cells that produce mRNA encoding TSG-6 protein or a biologically active fragment, derivative, or analogue thereof in an amount of at least the first preselected amount are useful in treating diseases, conditions, and disorders associated with inflammation, while isolated mesenchymal stem cells that produce mRNA encoding TSG-6 protein or a biologically active fragment, derivative, or analogue thereof in an amount that does not exceed the second preselected amount are useful in treating bone diseases, conditions, and disorders, including bone injuries.

Abstract: A method of producing mesenchymal stem cells from induced pluripotent stem cells in which induced pluripotent stem cells are cultured in the presence of a TGF-?inhibitor an in an atmosphere containing from about 7 vol. % to about 8 vol. % C02 for a period of time from about 20 day to about 35 days. The cells then are transfered to a culture dish having a hydrophilic sur face, and the cells are cultured in a medium containing a TGF-? inhibitor for a period of time sufficient to produce mesenchymal stem cells. Such mesenchymal stem cells are more stable and less likely to form tumors, cancers, or teratomas. Also, the induced pluripotent stem cells may be genetically engineered with at least one polynucleotide encoding a therapeutic agent and then are cultured as hereinabove described to provide genetically engineered mesenchymal stem cells that express sustained amounts of a biologically active protein or polypeptide.

Abstract: The present invention encompasses methods and compositions for treating an ocular disease, disorder or condition in a mammal. The invention includes a population of mesenchymal stromal cells that possess anti-inflammatory, anti-apoptotic, immune modulatory and anti-tumorigenic properties. The invention includes administration of TSG-6, STC-1, or a combination thereof to the ocular as a treatment for an ocular disease, disorder or condition in a mammal.

Abstract: The present invention encompasses methods and compositions for treating an ocular disease, disorder or condition in a mammal. The invention includes a population of mesenchymal stromal cells that possess anti-inflammatory, anti-apoptotic, immune modulatory and anti-tumorigenic properties. The invention includes administration of TSG-6, STC-1, or a combination thereof to the ocular as a treatment for an ocular disease, disorder or condition in a mammal.

Abstract: The present invention encompasses methods and compositions for treating an ocular disease, disorder or condition in a mammal. The invention includes a population of mesenchymal stromal cells that possess anti-inflammatory, anti-apoptotic, immune modulatory and anti-tumorigenic properties. The invention includes administration of TSG-6, STC-1, or a combination thereof to the ocular as a treatment for an ocular disease, disorder or condition in a mammal.