Abstract: Liquefied biomass obtained from direct liquefaction and/or fast-pyrolysis is reacted with mixtures of fatty acids in the presence of an oxidizer and with various reactive monomer and polymer additives to create tailored compatibilizer-like bio-additives that are compatible with petroleum asphalts. By judicially selecting appropriate the additives and additional constituent, such as non-reactive and reactive diluents, these bio-additives can be tailored to modify low-temperature properties, high-temperature properties, compatibility with aggregate materials, application characteristics, and other properties of petroleum asphalts for paving, roofing and sealing uses.

Abstract: Liquefied biomass (16) obtained from direct liquefaction and/or fast-pyrolysis is reacted with mixtures of fatty acids (24) in the presence of an oxidizer (28) and with various reactive monomer and polymer additives (46, 48, 50) to create tailored compatibilizer-like bio-additives (34) that are compatible with petroleum asphalts. By judiciously selecting appropriate additives and additional constituent, such as non-reactive (18) and reactive diluents (30), these bio-additives can be tailored to modify low-temperature properties, high-temperature properties, compatibility with aggregate materials, application characteristics, and other properties of petroleum asphalts for paving, roofing and sealing uses.

Abstract: A composition adapted for processing into stretch wrap film. The composition comprises between about 40 and about 90% by weight of a high molecular weight copolymer of ethylene and vinyl acetate containing between about 4 and about 25% by weight of repeating units derived from vinyl acetate and having a melt index of between about 0.1 and about 4.0. The composition further comprises between about 8 and about 55% by weight of a linear copolymer of ethylene and a higher alkene. Such linear copolymer has a specific gravity of between about 0.917 and about 0.945. The invention further includes stretch wrap film, a method of producing stretch wrap film of differential cling properties, and a composite film constituted of a layer of the aforesaid ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer and a layer of the linear copolymer of ethylene and a higher alkene.

Abstract: A composition adapted for processing into stretch wrap film. The composition comprises between about 40 and about 90% by weight of a high molecular weight copolymer of ethylene and vinyl acetate containing between about 4 and about 25% by weight of repeating units derived from vinyl acetate and having a melt index of between about 0.1 and about 4.0. The composition further comprises between about 8 and about 55% by weight of a linear copolymer of ethylene and a higher alkene. Such linear copolymer has a specific gravity of between about 0.917 and about 0.945. The invention further includes stretch wrap film, a method of producing stretch wrap film of differential cling properties, and a composite film constituted of a layer of the aforesaid ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer and a layer of the liner copolymer of ethylene and a higher alkene.

Abstract: A composition adapted for processing into stretch wrap film. The composition comprises between about 40 and about 90% by weight of a high molecular weight copolymer of ethylene and vinyl acetate containing between about 4 and about 25% by weight of repeating units derived from vinyl acetate and having a melt index of between about 0.1 and about 4.0. The composition further comprises between about 8 and about 55% by weight of a linear copolymer of ethylene and a higher alkene. Such linear copolymer has a specific gravity of between about 0.917 and about 0.945. The invention further includes stretch wrap film, a method of producing stretch wrap film of differential cling properties, and a composite film constituted of a layer of the aforesaid ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer and a layer of the linear copolymer of ethylene and a higher alkene.

Abstract: Improved stretch pallet wrap films are prepared from blend compositions comprising from approximately 79% to 98% by weight of a high molecular weight ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, from approximately 1% to 18% by weight of a polypropylene copolymer and from approximately 0.3% to 5% by weight of a tackifier agent which may be a glycerol mono fatty acid, a sorbitan mono fatty acid, castor oil or expoxidized soya, with the ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer having a vinyl acetate comonomer content of between approximately 8% and 20% and the polypropylene copolymer having a refractive index substantially similar to that of the ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer. Such films exhibit improved properties for the stretch wrapping of palletized loads of boxes, bags and the like.

Abstract: A commercially feasible method is provided for molding high quality seamless, irregularly shaped articles such as wax candles which are essentially free of surface defects and other molding imperfections by provision of relatively thin-walled, self-sustaining but distensible molds having high heat transfer properties, in conjunction with mold-receiving housing structure including liquid delivery, circulation and removal apparatus for supporting the molds against perceptible distension under the weight of molding material while accelerating solidification of the wax, and for inducing distension of the molds by the technique of removing only a small portion of the cooling liquid without creating significant liquid-free voids in the mold tank. Thus, the method hereof avoids the necessity of complete draining of the mold tank during each molding cycle which in turn speeds the process and renders it more economical.