Abstract: There is disclosed a method and apparatus for recovering data from a received signal, the received signal including a first signal comprising data bits and a second signal having transitions at data bit boundaries of the first signal where there is an absence of transitions, the method comprising: receiving the first signal; receiving the second signal; sampling the first signal to detect an edge transition of the first signal; sampling the second signal to detect an edge transition of the second signal; wherein on an active edge of either said first or said signal, the current value of the first signal is recovered as a received data bit.

Abstract: This invention relates to a coding method for a sequence of elements that can be equal to at least two distinct values, the said elements forming at least one input symbol. According to the invention, this type of coding method comprises: a stretching step to stretch at least one of the said input symbols, to form a stretched symbol, such that the said stretched symbol does not have any successive transitions; a cancelling step to cancel the disparity of the said stretched symbol to form a coded symbol, such that the said coded symbol comprises approximately the same number of elements of each value.

Abstract: A pyrotechnic composition, particularly for fireworks, which contains an organic compound having at least one aromatic group as a binder. The compound preferably has a weight ratio of carbon:hydrogen of at least 10:1 and is substantially free of groups of the formulae COOH or COO.sup.-M.sup.+, wherein M.sup.+ is the equivalent of a metal ion. Also, pyrotechnic devices containing such composition.

Abstract: Compounds having the formula I: ##STR1## wherein M.sub.1, M.sub.2, M.sub.3 , independently, are hydrogen, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkkyl, phenyl, a monovalent or an equivalent of a polyvalent metal atom, ammonium or a substituted ammonium ion; R.sub.1 is C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl substituted by one or more hydroxy or carboxyl groups; and p is an integer.The new compounds are useful in the treatment of aqueous systems, in particular to inhibit scale deposition from aqueous systems.

Abstract: A method is shown of treating an aqueous system comprising adding to the system a water-soluble tri-copolymer having the formula I:(A).sub.x (B).sub.y (C).sub.z Ior a salt thereof, wherein A is a group having the formula: ##STR1## or a hydrolysed (dicarboxylic acid or salt) form of this group; B is a group having the formula:--CH.sub.2 --C(R.sub.1)(CO.sub.2 R.sub.2)--wherein R.sub.1 is a hydrogen or methyl, and R.sub.2 is hydrogen or C.sub.1 -C.sub.8 straight- or branched chain alkyl, preferably methyl or ether, or R.sub.2 is C.sub.1 -C.sub.8 straight- or branched chain alkyl substituted by a group --OR.sub.3 wherein R.sub.3 is hydrogen or a group of formula --[CH.sub.2 CH(R.sub.4)O].sub.n H wherein R.sub.4 is hydrogen or methyl and n is an integer from 1 to 10; C is a group having the formula:--CH(R.sub.5)--C(R.sub.6)(R.sub.7)--wherein R.sub.5 is hydrogen, phenyl or C.sub.1 -C.sub.18 straight- or branched chain alkyl, preferably hydrogen and R.sub.6 and R.sub.7, independently, are hydrogen, C.sub.1 -C.sub.

Abstract: Aqueous or partly aqueous systems are treated against the corrosion of metals, especially ferrous metals, in contact therewith, and/or against scale deposition therefrom, by adding to these systems from 0.1 to 50 000 ppm of 2-hydroxyphosphonoacetic acid having the formula I ##STR1## or a water-soluble salt thereof.

Abstract: Aqueous or partly aqueous systems are treated against the corrosion of metals, especially ferrous metals, in contact therewith, and/or against scale deposition therefrom, by adding to these systems from 0.1 to 50 000 ppm of 2-hydroxyphosphonoacetic acid having the formula I ##STR1## or a water-soluble salt thereof.

Abstract: New cotelomer compounds having the formula I ##STR1## and salts thereof wherein A is a random polymeric residue comprising at least one unit of formula II ##STR2## and at least one unit of formula III, different from a unit of formula II, ##STR3## and B is hydrogen or a residue A; wherein m and n are integers such that the sum of m+n is an integer of from 3 to 100, the ratio of n:m being from 99 to 1:1 to 99, provided that the resulting telomers are water-soluble and wherein m and/or n in a residue A may be the same as or different from m and/or n in a residue B; R is hydrogen, methyl or ethyl;R.sub.1 is a residue -OX, wherein X is hydrogen, an alkali- or alkaline earth metal, ammonium or an amine residue;R.sub.2 is hydrogen, methyl or a residue --CO.sub.2 R.sub.5, wherein R.sub.5 is hydrogen or a straight- or branched chain alkyl residue having 1 to 8 carbon atoms;R.sub.3 is hydrogen, a straight- or branched chain alkyl residue having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, hydroxymethyl or a residue --CO.sub.2 R.sub.

Abstract: Process for conditioning metal surfaces to inhibit their corrosion and/or to inhibit scale deposition thereon by treating said surfaces:A. prior to contact with a corrosive or scaling environment, with(i) compound having the formula I: ##STR1## or a water-soluble salt (or partial ester or -salt) thereof, wherein R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are the same or different and each is hydrogen, a C.sub.1 -C.sub.12 straight- or branched chain alkyl group (optionally substituted by one or more hydroxy- and/or carboxyl groups and/or optionally interrupted by one or more oxygen atoms), a C.sub.3 -C.sub.12 straight- or branched chain alkenyl group, a C.sub.7 -C.sub.15 aralkyl group or --CH.sub.2 PO.sub.3 H.sub.2, or R.sub.1 and R.sub.2, together with the nitrogen atom to which they are each bonded, may form an optionally-substituted heterocyclic ring; R.sub.3 is hydrogen, a C.sub.1 -C.sub.12 straight- or branched chain alkyl group or an optionally substituted C.sub.6 -C.sub.10 aryl group; and R.sub.4 is hydrogen or C.sub.1 -C.

Abstract: A compound or mixture of compounds of the general formula: ##STR1## in which m and n may be 0 or 1 but both cannot be 1, R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3, R.sup.4, R.sup.5 and R.sup.6 are independently H or CH.sub.3, X.sup.1, X.sup.2, Z.sup.1 and Z.sup.2 are independently hydrogen or straight or branched chain C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl; and the water-soluble inorganic or organic salts thereof, with the proviso that at least one of R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3, R.sup.4, R.sup.5 must be CH.sub.3, and when m and n are both 0, R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 are each methyl and R.sup.4 and R.sup.5 have their previous significance, when added to an aqueous system imparts one or more of the following beneficial effects to be treated system:(a) the corrosion of ferrous metals in contact with the system is inhibited;(b) the precipitation of scale-forming salts of calcium, magnesium, barium and strontium from the treated aqueous system is inhibited; and,(c) inorganic materials present in the treated aqueous system are dispersed.

Abstract: A compound or mixture of compounds of the general formula: ##STR1## in which m and n may be 0 or 1 but both cannot be 1, R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3, R.sup.4, R.sup.5 and R.sup.6 are independently H or CH.sub.3, X.sup.1, X.sup.2, Z.sup.1 and Z.sup.2 are independently hydrogen or straight or branched chain C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl; and the water-soluble inorganic or organic salts thereof, with the proviso that at least one of R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3, R.sup.4, R.sup.5 must be CH.sub.3, and when m and n are both 0, R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 are each methyl and R.sup.4 and R.sup.5 have their previous significance, when added to an aqueous system imparts one or more of the following beneficial effects to be treated system: (a) the corrosion of ferrous metals in contact with the system is inhibited; (b) the precipitation of scale-forming salts of calcium, magnesium, barium and strontium from the treated aqueous system is inhibited; and (c) inorganic materials present in the treated aqueous system are dispersed.

Abstract: New piperidine derivatives and in particular esters and amides of substituted (piperidinylidene-4) acetic acid are used as stabilizers for polymers, especially for polyolefines.

Abstract: A composition comprising an organic material and, as stabiliser, a compound having the formula ##STR1## and salts thereof, wherein R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are the same or different and each is an alkyl residue having from 1 to 12 carbon atoms or R.sub.1 and R.sub.2, together with the carbon atom to which they are bound, form a cycloalkyl residue having from 5 to 12 carbon atoms in the ring, Y is 0, hydrogen, a straight-or branched alkyl residue having from 1 to 20 carbon atoms, an alkenyl or alkynyl residue having from 3 to 12 carbon atoms, an aralkyl residue having from 7 to 12 carbon atoms or a group having the formula ##STR2## wherein R is hydrogen, or a methyl or phenyl residue and R.sub.3 is hydrogen or a straight- or branched chain alkyl residue having from 1 to 12 carbon atoms.

Abstract: A method of treating an aqueous system to inhibit the corrosion of metals in contact therewith and/or inhibit the deposition of scale therefrom comprising adding to the aqueous system a minor proportion of a compound of the formula: ##STR1## wherein n is 0 or 1 and when n is O, R.sub.3 and R.sub.4 are the same or different and each is hydrogen, an alkyl group having from 1 to 4 carbon atoms, a benzyl, allyl, --CH.sub.2 PO.sub.3 H.sub.2 -- or --CHCOOH.CH.sub.2 COOH group or a group of formula ##STR2## wherein R.sub.5 is hydrogen, a methyl, --CH.sub.2 COOH or --CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 COOH group and Z is a group --COOH or --PO.sub.3 H.sub.2, with the proviso that when Z is a PO.sub.3 H.sub.2 group then R.sub.5 is hydrogen or methyl, and when n is 1, R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are the same or different and each is hydrogen, or a methyl or phenyl residue and R.sub.3 is hydrogen and R.sub.4 is hydrogen, an alkyl group having from 1 to 4 carbon atoms or a --CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 COOH group, or R.sub.3 and R.sub.

Abstract: An antiinflammatory steroid exhibiting a tendency to crystal growth in suspension in aerosol propellants is contacted with a halogenated hydrocarbon to form a crystalline solvate, which, after removal of some or all of the propellant from the crystals, is reduced to a particle size permitting inhalation into the human bronchial system when dispersed as an aerosol, the micronized crystalline solvate not thereafter exhibiting crystal growth in the aerosol propellant. The solvate is a new composition of matter which has been characterized by I.R. spectra and the aerosol formulation prepared therefrom has valuable therapeutic properties, particularly in the treatment of asthma.

Abstract: Epoxy resins stabilized by at least one sterically hindered cyclic amine of the formula I ##STR1## AND SALTS THEREOF IN WHICH Q IS 1 OR 2, X represents an organic grouping which complements the nitrogen-containing ring to give a 5-membered, 6-membered or 7-membered ring, R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 represent methyl or together represent --(CH.sub.2).sub.5 --, R.sub.3 represents methyl, R.sub.4 represents alkyl with 1-5 carbon atoms or together with R.sub.3 represents the radicals --(CH.sub.2).sub.4 --, --(CH.sub.2).sub.5 --, --CH.sub.2 --C(CH.sub.3).sub.2 --NH--C(CH.sub.3).sub.2 --CH.sub.2 -- or --CH.sub.2 --C(CH.sub.3).sub.2 --N(O.sup..)--C(CH.sub.3).sub.2 --CH.sub.2 -- and, if q is 1, Y denotes hydrogen, --O.sup.., hydroxyl, alkyl, substituted alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, aralkyl, substituted aralkyl or acyl or, if q is 2, Y denotes alkylene, alkenylene, alkynylene, cycloalkylene or aralkylene.

Abstract: New piperidine derivatives of 1,3-pyrimidine and 1,3,5-triazine are used as stabilizers for organic materials, especially for polymers.

Abstract: New piperidine derivatives and in particular esters and amides of substituted (piperidinyl-4) acetic acid are used as stabilizers for polymers, especially for polyolefines.

Abstract: New piperidine derivatives and in particular esters and amides of substituted (piperidinylidene-4) acetic acid are used as stabilizers for polymers, especially for polyolefines.

Abstract: A composition comprising an organic material and, as stabiliser, a compound having the formula ##SPC1##And salts thereof, wherein R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are the same or different and each is an alkyl residue having from 1 to 12 carbon atoms or R.sub.1 and R.sub.2, together with the carbon atom to which they are bound, form a cycloalkyl residue having from 5 to 12 carbon atoms in the ring, Y is O, hydrogen, a straight or branched alkyl residue having from 1 to 20 carbon atoms, an alkenyl or alkynyl residue having from 3 to 12 carbon atoms, an aralkyl residue having from 7 to 12 carbon atoms or a group having the formula ##EQU1## wherein R is hydrogen, or a methyl or phenyl residue and R.sub.3 is hydrogen or a straight- or branched chain alkyl residue having from 1 to 12 carbon atoms.