Abstract: A lift-assist system for a man-way cover includes a unitary spring mounted to the axis of rotation for the man-way cover. The spring includes a coil portion on either side of the axle of rotation, with a unitary bridge portion spanning between the coil portions. The bridge portion of the spring presses down on a cantilevered extension of the man-way cover, called a duck bill. A first predetermined spacing is provided between the coil portions and the axle and second predetermined spacing is provided between the ends of the coil portions and the mounting of the axle. These predetermined spacings accommodate the variations in the coil geometry as the man-way cover moves from a fully shut position to a fully open position and vice versa.

Abstract: A lift-assist system for a man-way cover includes a unitary spring mounted to the axis of rotation for the man-way cover. The spring includes a coil portion on either side of the axle of rotation, with a unitary bridge portion spanning between the coil portions. The bridge portion of the spring presses down on a cantilevered extension of the man-way cover, called a duck bill. A first predetermined spacing is provided between the coil portions and the axle and second predetermined spacing is provided between the ends of the coil portions and the mounting of the axle. These predetermined spacings accommodate the variations in the coil geometry as the man-way cover moves from a fully shut position to a fully open position and vice versa.

Abstract: A coil spring having a substantially circular arc on two sides and a flattened opposite side is provided. The flattened opposite sides may be configured with a radius of curvature that is substantially greater than the radius of curvature of the substantially arcuate sides, or the flattened opposite sides may in fact be flat. Such a configuration resists flexural movement in one direction more than it resists flexture in a perpendicular direction.

Abstract: This disclosure sets out an improved coil spring responding in compression to a tensile load. The load is applied by load engaging equal and oppositely deployed hooks wherein both hooks have a load engaging throat at the lower end connected with a pair of parallel legs. One leg terminates in a hanger having the form of a J-shaped hook and the other leg terminates in a protruding eyelet sized to engage a tang at the end of the spring. The two hooks are maintained at approximate right angles with respect to each other to distribute the forces more evenly in the coil spring to avoid spring bowing.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for controlled quenching of hot formed coils is desccribed, and has a timed dip on a wand connected to a pump. The wand delivers quench liquid into the coil to prevent bubbles from forming in the coil, damaging the coil from irregular quenching.

Abstract: This invention relates to a method of testing an n-bit programmable counter. It is desired to test the n-bit programmable counter in fewer than 2.sup.n cycles. Accordingly, a counter value output on the counter is coupled to a variable increment rate input on the counter. Each bit of the counter is reset to a binary 0 initial state. A binary 1 state is loaded into a carry-in bit of the counter and the counter is iteratively doubled, by means of the coupling between the counter value output and the variable increment rate input, until a carry-out bit of the counter assumes the binary 1 state to thereby allow the counter to be fully tested in n+1 iterations. The counter value output and the variable increment rate input are decoupled from the counter when the counter is not being tested. The counter is provided with a parallel load input to allow simultaneous resetting of each bit. Intermediate counter values may be checked to provide a means for localizing errors within the counter.