Abstract: A telecommunication network includes a communication ring having a plurality of nodes. The communication ring includes a plurality of links wherein each link interconnects one node to another node. Each node includes one or more network elements. Management functions for the nodes, the communication ring, the links, and the network elements are provided by a manager. The manager can discover and define the nodes, the links, and the communication ring and establish more than one network element at a node. The manager provides a coherent view of the telecommunication network despite a node being supported by more than one network element.

Abstract: Systems and methods are provided for managing process execution within an operating system. The systems and method store a process initialization file, preparing a process list of processes that can be controlled by an individual user, and monitoring execution of the processes based on the process list for each user. The process initialization file is managed by a user with a first level of access to the operating system, and indicates which processes may have process execution controlled by users of the system having a different second level of access to the operating system. A process list is prepared for each individual user having the second level of access.