Abstract: A clasp for clasping the end sections of a shoelace for tightening a shoe is configurable between an open position for receiving the end sections and a closed position clasping the end sections. The clasp is connected to a shoe and generally includes a base and a cover hingedly connected to the base. The base includes two elongate channels for receiving the shoelace ends. The cover closes over the base and the received laces. The cover and base include cooperating ratchet teeth that allow the laces to be tightened but not loosened without opening the cover.

Abstract: System and methods of detecting and measuring periodontal disease comprising filling a periodontal pocket with a fluid capable of propagating sound waves, transmitting a sound wave into the periodontal pocket, sensing the return sound wave from the periodontal pocket, and determining the depth of the pocket by measuring the time it takes the at least one transmitted sound wave to traverse the periodontal pocket and return. A peak discrimination analysis algorithm is also provided.