Abstract: Provided herein are methods and systems for image registration from multiple sources. A method for image registration includes rendering a common field of interest that reflects a presence of a plurality of elements, wherein at least one of the elements is a remote element located remotely from another of the elements and updating the common field of interest such that the presence of the at least one of the elements is registered relative to another of the elements.

Abstract: Provided herein are methods and systems for image registration from multiple sources. A method for image registration includes rendering a common field of interest that reflects a presence of a plurality of elements, wherein at least one of the elements is a remote element located remotely from another of the elements and updating the common field of interest such that the presence of the at least one of the elements is registered relative to another of the elements.

Abstract: Provided herein are methods and systems for image registration from multiple sources. A method for image registration includes rendering a common field of interest that reflects a presence of a plurality of elements, wherein at least one of the elements is a remote element located remotely from another of the elements and updating the common field of interest such that the presence of the at least one of the elements is registered relative to another of the elements.

Abstract: Provided herein are methods and systems for managing spatiotemporal uncertainty in image processing. A method can comprise determining motion from a first image to a second image, determining a latency value, determining a precision value, generating an uncertainty element based upon the motion, the latency value, and the precision value, and rendering the uncertainty element.

Abstract: Provided herein are methods and systems for image registration from multiple sources. A method for image registration includes rendering a common field of interest that reflects a presence of a plurality of elements, wherein at least one of the elements is a remote element located remotely from another of the elements and updating the common field of interest such that the presence of the at least one of the elements is registered relative to another of the elements.

Abstract: Provided herein are methods and systems for managing spatiotemporal uncertainty in image processing. A method can comprise determining motion from a first image to a second image, determining a latency value, determining a precision value, generating an uncertainty element based upon the motion, the latency value, and the precision value, and rendering the uncertainty element.

Abstract: Provided herein are methods and systems for managing spatiotemporal uncertainty in image processing. A method can comprise determining motion from a first image to a second image, determining a latency value, determining a precision value, generating an uncertainty element based upon the motion, the latency value, and the precision value, and rendering the uncertainty element.

Abstract: Provided herein are methods and systems for managing spatiotemporal uncertainty in image processing. A method can comprise determining motion from a first image to a second image, determining a latency value, determining a precision value, generating an uncertainty element based upon the motion, the latency value, and the precision value, and rendering the uncertainty element.

Abstract: This invention relates to a three-dimensional digitizer and a probe means associated with said digitizer that enables a virtual target point to be visualized and depth and range measurements to that target to be determined. In one embodiment, a mechanical articulated arm or other type of 3-D digitizer is used in conjunction with a graphics workstation which displays images from CT, MR, or other scanning means of the anatomy. By registration of the digitizer to the patient's physical anatomy, a representation of the digitizer on the display means of the graphics workstation is possible. The position of the digitizer will be displayed in its quantitative relationship to the patient's anatomy, including internal pathologies such as tumors. The end means of the 3-D digitizer could be a holder or fixation device which can accept a sliding probe. The probe, for example, could be a shaft which slides in a spring-loaded or non-spring-loaded fashion within the fixation means of the digitizer.

Abstract: This invention relates to a three-dimensional digitizer and a probe means associated with said digitizer that enables a virtual target point to be visualized and depth and range measurements to that target to be determined. In one embodiment, a mechanical articulated arm or other type of 3-D digitizer is used in conjunction with a graphics workstation which displays images from CT, MR, or other scanning means of the anatomy. By registration of the digitizer to the patient's physical anatomy, a representation of the digitizer on the display means of the graphics workstation is possible. The position of the digitizer will be displayed in its quantitative relationship to the patient's anatomy, including internal pathologies such as tumors. The end means of the 3-D digitizer could be a holder or fixation device which can accept a sliding probe. The probe, for example, could be a shaft which slides in a spring-loaded or non-spring-loaded fashion within the fixation means of the digitizer.

Abstract: This invention relates to apparatus for calibrating and recalibrating a digitized navigator or so-called frameless stereotactic instrument or device during a surgical operation. The apparatus enables calibration for the stereotactic digitizer to be recovered after sterile draping of the patient, movement of the patient's head during operation, relative movement of the patient's head and reference apparatus associated with the stereotactic digitizer, power failures, or other events which could compromise calibration of the stereotactic digitizer during the operation which would otherwise preclude continuations using the digitizer. It also provides convenient means for initial calibration or repeat calibration, should that be necessary. The apparatus is, in one embodiment, cooperatively coupled to, or coupled so as to move with, the portion of the patient's body which is being operated upon and enables the repositioning of the recalibration means after sterile draping.

Abstract: This invention relates to any operating pointer or arm apparatus whose position can be detected and read out on a computer and associated graphics display, and where the pointer can be changed from its pointer function to a "3D mouse" so as to alternately by use control the functionality of the computer as in calibration and display features. Specific embodiments of the invention are given, and one of them is a neurosurgical operating arm which has electronic readout for coupling to a computergraphic display which shows the position of the arm relative to patient anatomy. In one embodiment, the arm has five angular degrees of freedom to achieve a pointer position anywhere in space, at any angle. Electronic readout from the arm positions and joint angles are assimilated into a computegraphic display system. The display system displays anatomical image data taken from the patient with modern imaging techniques.