Abstract: A device for transferring an image present on a belt (1) driven at a first speed to an intermediate support (14) driven at a second speed. A pressing element (28) keeps the belt (1) and the intermediate support (14) in contact with one another during the image transfer, the belt (1) assuming the speed of the intermediate support (14) in the contact zone under the influence of frictional forces. A belt storage device (27,33) disposed between the belt drive means (7,8) and the contact zone stores the length difference arising from the difference in the belt speed at the belt drive means and at the contact zone. The belt length present in the belt storage device (27,33) is measured. The speed of the intermediate support (14) is controlled in dependence on the length measured.

Abstract: The optical densities of both the background and the image areas of an original are measured so as to obtain a control signal useful in photocopying the original, by a system which includes a detector for generating a measuring signal representing optical densities detected on the original; a detector for deriving from the measuring signal a peak signal level representing the background density; first and second detection circuits for producing respective output signals representing numbers of measuring signal portions detected at first and second reference signal levels, which levels differ from each other and each from the peak signal level; a control rendering the reference signal levels dependent in magnitude on the derived peak or background signal level, and preferably proportional to it; and a comparison circuit for deriving from the output signals a control signal indicating in relation to the background density the relative amounts on the original of image information items that have optical densitie

Abstract: A copying machine control system employs a synchronous motor driven synchronously with an AC supply voltage to transport a surface on which an image is formed. At least one stepping motor is employed discontinuously to transport an original containing material to be copied at a speed which produces an image moving at the same speed as the surface where the image is formed. A stepping motor controller programs an acceleration profile for the stepping motor to permit it to be accelerated to running speed in a precisely defined manner so that the position of the original is always accurately known. The stepping motor controller derives its control pulses from the same AC voltage which drives the synchronous motor and thus, the original and the image surface are accurately driven in synchronism. A transport speed of the original is in inverse proportion to the imaging ratio.

Abstract: A light detector circuit is described in which the baseline level of the output signal of a light detector is stabilized by feeding back a control signal to an element that has a voltage variable resistance and is connected in series with the light detector across a voltage source. Several embodiments are shown. In one embodiment a differential amplifier circuit with an integrating feedback circuit is employed to establish a stabilized control voltage.

Abstract: Pulses from a fixed-frequency pulse generator are counted in a pulse counter to produce a binary number. The binary number is employed to access successive memory addresses which contain data for producing drive pulses for a stepping motor. The memory contents are arranged so that the number of pulses from the pulse generator required to produce a drive pulse decreases during starting and increases during stopping so that smooth acceleration and deceleration of the stepping motor are achieved. In one embodiment, successive locations store "0" or "1" to produce a motor drive signal. In another embodiment, successive locations store numbers which control the length of time until the next drive signal is produced.

Abstract: A position control system in a copying apparatus keeps an original positioned properly during multiple passes of the original through a transport path, for making multiple copies, by detecting the position of an edge of the original in the first pass, when the original is fed into the apparatus; setting a reference condition corresponding to the then existent side edge position; and in each subsequent pass of the original detecting its position and in the event of a deviation of the detected position from the position represented by the reference condition activating a position correcting device to displace the original to the latter position.