Abstract: A gas bearing has a first bearing part defining a first bearing surface and a second bearing part defining a second bearing surface. Between the first bearing surface and the second bearing surface there is a gap. A gas supply device supplies a gas to the gap. The first bearing part is at least partly ferromagnetic, and the second bearing part has at least one permanent magnet interacting with the first bearing part for pre-tensioning the gas bearing. The gas bearing may be part of a lithographic apparatus.

Abstract: A system for use in a lithographic apparatus includes an assembly of a reticle and a reticle holder. The reticle includes a marker. The system also includes a position detector arranged to detect the reticle marker to position the reticle with respect to the reticle holder, and a storage container constructed and arranged to store the assembly during the positioning of the reticle with respect to the reticle holder. The reticle holder and the detector are arranged to be kinematically aligned with respect to each other.

Abstract: The invention pertains to a lithographic apparatus that includes a docking system for positioning a patterning device, such as a reticle, relative to the reticle stage. The lithographic projection apparatus has an operational cycle that includes a projection phase, in which the reticle stage carries the patterning device and an exchange phase, in which the patterning device is exchanged and the docking system positions the patterning device relative to the reticle stage. The docking system is configured to be spaced from the patterning device during the projection phase in order to ensure that a higher accuracy of the projected image is obtained.

Abstract: An apparatus includes a first support structure configured to support an element that has an alignment marker provided with at least one height difference. The apparatus also includes an alignment sensor comprising a light source that is configured to provide a light beam that illuminates the alignment marker; and at least one detector configured to detect the at least one height difference of the alignment marker by analyzing the light beam reflected by the alignment marker. Such an apparatus may be used to align of the element with respect to the first support structure.

Abstract: An assembly for use in a lithographic apparatus is disclosed. The assembly includes a reticle, and a reticle holder. The reticle holder is adjustable between a form closed reticle blocking state and a reticle releasing state. The reticle holder is arranged to (1) prevent movement of the reticle with respect to the reticle holder in at least one direction without friction when the reticle holder is in the form closed reticle blocking state, and (2) release the reticle when the reticle holder is in the reticle releasing state.