Abstract: A system can include a nonlinear circuit and a voltage decoder. The nonlinear circuit can perform an operation on an input voltage. The operation can be changed. A voltage decoder can be communicatively coupled to the nonlinear circuit for receiving an output voltage from the nonlinear circuit that results from the operation performed on the input voltage. The voltage decoder can compare the output voltage to a threshold voltage and determine a result of the operation.

Abstract: A system can include a nonlinear circuit and a voltage decoder. The nonlinear circuit can perform an operation on an input voltage. The operation can be changed. A voltage decoder can be communicatively coupled to the nonlinear circuit for receiving an output voltage from the nonlinear circuit that results from the operation performed on the input voltage. The voltage decoder can compare the output voltage to a threshold voltage and determine a result of the operation.

Abstract: Systems are described in the field of machine learning such as natural language processing for use in researching and searching a corpus of documents in various topical areas such as physical and social sciences. The systems may utilize training, testing, and deployment of models representing a defined space within the corpus. A network of computers and user input devices may be used for receiving research queries via human-computer interface devices and application programming interfaces. Queries may be processed and used as input to the machine learning models. Outputs from the models may include ranking of results reflecting the queries.

Abstract: The present invention provides apparatuses and methods for chaos computing. For example, a chaos-based logic block comprises an encoding circuit block, at least one chaotic circuit block, a bias voltage generating circuit block, and a threshold circuit block. The encoding circuit block converts a plurality of digital inputs to an analog output. The plurality of digital inputs may comprise at least one data input and at least one control input. At least one chaotic circuit block is configured to iterate converting an input signal to an output signal by feeding the output signal to at least one chaotic circuit as the input signal at each iteration. The bias voltage generating circuit block converts a plurality of binary control inputs to a bias voltage. The threshold circuit block compares the output signal with a predetermined threshold, thereby generating a digital signal.

Abstract: The present invention provides apparatuses and methods for chaos computing. For example, a chaos-based logic block comprises an encoding circuit block, at least one chaotic circuit block, a bias voltage generating circuit block, and a threshold circuit block. The encoding circuit block converts a plurality of digital inputs to an analog output. The plurality of digital inputs may comprise at least one data input and at least one control input. At least one chaotic circuit block is configured to iterate converting an input signal to an output signal by feeding the output signal to at least one chaotic circuit as the input signal at each iteration. The bias voltage generating circuit block converts a plurality of binary control inputs to a bias voltage. The threshold circuit block compares the output signal with a predetermined threshold, thereby generating a digital signal.

Abstract: The present invention provides systems and methods for coupled dynamical systems for chaos computing. For example, a system for the coupled dynamical system comprises a first, second, and third circuit. The first circuit comprising a plurality of single dynamical systems forms a coupled dynamical system that reduces local noises in the plurality of single dynamical systems by diffusing the local noises across the coupled dynamical system. The second circuit, connected to the first circuit, receives the data and control inputs and builds an encoding map that translates the data and control inputs to an initial condition on an unstable manifold of the plurality of single dynamical systems in the coupled dynamical system. After the coupled dynamical system evolves, a third circuit, connected to the first circuit, samples a state of one of the plurality of single dynamical systems in the coupled dynamical system and builds a decoding map.

Abstract: A method for providing a biological logic gate comprising the following steps: subjecting a bistable autoregulatory gene network (GRN) to a noisy background; identifying adjustable parameters of the GRN; using logical stochastic resonance to determine values of the GRN parameters which result in the GRN performing different logic gate functions; and setting the parameter values of the GRN such that the GRN performs a first logic gate function.

Abstract: The present invention provides systems and methods for coupled dynamical systems for chaos computing. For example, a system for the coupled dynamical system comprises a first, second, and third circuit. The first circuit comprising a plurality of single dynamical systems forms a coupled dynamical system that reduces local noises in the plurality of single dynamical systems by diffusing the local noises across the coupled dynamical system. The second circuit, connected to the first circuit, receives the data and control inputs and builds an encoding map that translates the data and control inputs to an initial condition on an unstable manifold of the plurality of single dynamical systems in the coupled dynamical system. After the coupled dynamical system evolves, a third circuit, connected to the first circuit, samples a state of one of the plurality of single dynamical systems in the coupled dynamical system and builds a decoding map.