Abstract: In accordance with the objects outlined above, the present invention provides sensor arrays for the detection of target analytes. The sensor arrays comprising a substrate comprising a surface comprising discrete sites, each discrete site comprising a solvatochromic dye and at least one micro-environment moiety (MEM), both of which are preferably covalent attached to the discrete site. In some aspects, the discrete sites comprise microspheres to which the dyes and MEMs are attached, again, preferably covalently. The dye(s) and MEM(s) at each site can be independently attached, or they can be co-attached using a linker.