Abstract: The invention relates to a process for preparation of chlorine from hydrogen chloride comprising circulating a liquid melt comprising copper ions Cun+ with n being a number in the range from 1 to 2, alkali cations and chloride ions Cl in a reactor system comprising three bubble lift reactors I, II and III, each comprising a reaction zone i, ii and iii respectively, wherein: ?(a) in the reaction zone i of the first bubble lift reactor I, a liquid melt comprising copper ions Cun+, alkali cations and chloride ions Cl— is contacted with oxygen at a temperature in the range from 395 to 405° C. so that the molar ratio Cun+:Cu+ in the liquid melt increases, obtaining a liquid melt having an increased molar ratio Cun+:Cu+ ?(b) the liquid melt obtained in (a) is circulated to the reaction zone ii in the second bubble lift reactor II, where the liquid melt is contacted with hydrogen chloride at a temperature in the range from 395 to 405° C.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are methods for identifying physicochemical properties associated with protein corona formation at the level of proteins and NP-functionalization. Further disclosed herein are compositions comprising combinations of particles configured for low abundance protein collection and deep proteomic analysis.