Abstract: Patent of Invention for PROCESS CAPILLARY ELECTRIC WELDING OF LOW AND HIGH ALLOY STEELS, HARDENED OR NOT, AND BI-METALS, FOR THE OBTAINMENT OF A DETERMINED TEXTURE, WITHOUT THERMAL TREATMENT, in which the first layer (1) is used to line the bevel and its root with electrodes of crystallization of the deposited welding material, said weld being adequate for the obtainment of the austenitic plus ferretic texture. With the second layer (2), proceed with the filling of the bevel with the crystallization of the deposited weld, obtaining a perlitic or pearlitic plus troostitic texture, while in the third and fifth layers (3, 5), the electrode for the obtainment of an austenitic plus ferritic texture. In the fourth layer (4), the electrode of deposited weld crystallization for the obtainment of a sorbitic plus bainitic texture is used, and in the sixth layer (6), an electrode for deposited weld crystallization for the obtainment of a bainitic texture is used.

Abstract: This invention concerns an improvement in a welding process using direct current (DC), basically comprehending the increase of voltage, in the conventional welding machine 70-80 volts, to 90 volts. Thus, the electric welding arc becomes stable and mild, without warming the electrode excessive and reducing sprinkles and penetration, with only a capillary melting.

Abstract: A capilary electrical welding process for the repair of carbon steel of high, medium and low alloy, in the condition of tempere dor not; Hadfield steel; cast iron; nickel and its alloys; metallic covering and dissimilar bonds, to produce an appropriate microstructure in the welded bond without the need of post-welding thermal treatment, including, initially, the preparation of the base metal for welding upon the production of appropriate holes (7), followed by the use of a ferritic-austenitic covered electrode to produce the welding layers, wherein the first layer (1) is used to cover the face of the holes (7) and to execute the root pass; the second layer (2) allows the deposit of welding fillets with microstructure and mechanical properties appropriate for the application of equipment; in the third and fifth layers (3-5), one ferritic-austenitic covered electrode is used to compose the layer, but one austenitic electrode welding fillet may be used between the welding fillets of ferritic-austenitic deposits,

Abstract: Patent of Invention for PROCESS CAPILLARY ELECTRIC WELDING OF LOW AND HIGH ALLOY STEELS, HARDENED OR NOT, AND BI-METALS, FOR THE OBTAINMENT OF A DETERMINED TEXTURE, WITHOUT THERMAL TREATMENT, in which the first layer (1) is used to line the bevel and its root with electrodes of crystallization of the deposited welding material, said weld being adequate for the obtainment of the austenitic plus ferretic texture. With the second layer (2), proceed with the filling of the bevel with the crystallization of the deposited weld, obtaining a perlitic or pearlitic plus troostitic texture, while in the third and fifth layers (3, 5), the electrode for the obtainment of an austenitic plus ferritic texture. In the fourth layer (4), the electrode of deposited weld crystallization for the obtainment of a sorbitic plus bainitic texture is used, and in the sixth layer (6), an electrode for deposited weld crystallization for the obtainment of a bainitic texture is used.

Abstract: A cold-welding process that eliminates heat treatment of welds in hardenable steel or hardened steel, alloy steel, high alloy steel, high carbon forged steel, bi-metal union, manganese steel such as Hadfield steel, and so on, without hardening the deposited weld, whereby also the transition area of the deposited weld is not hardened, thus preserving the mechanical and physical characteristics of the basic material, and maintaining the deposited weld fileable and machineable, by using specific AWS-307, AWS-309, AWS-312 and AWS-8018 through 10018 electrodes. The temperature of the welded parts should never exceed 100.degree. C. during the welding process. This control of maximum temperature is obtained by welding a series of relatively short fillets instead of a single long fillet extending the length of the joint. The short fillets are followed by open spaces without a weld, and those open spaces are filled with weld fillets once the interrupted welding is completed for that weld pass.