Abstract: A method, an apparatus and a computer readable-medium for monitoring a continuous steel casting process where molten steel is poured from a ladle into a tundish to be transferred through an exit nozzle into a mold. The method includes obtaining a critical superheat temperature value for the molten steel; measuring temperature values of the molten steel over a time period; determining superheat temperature values corresponding to the measured temperature values by comparing the measured temperature values with a liquidus temperature of the molten steel; and predicting a forecast time instance when the critical superheat temperature value is reached.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for monitoring a continuous steel casting process where molten steel is poured from a ladle into a tundish to be transferred through an exit nozzle into a mold, comprising the steps: obtaining (1010) a critical superheat temperature value for the molten steel; measuring (1020) temperature values of the molten steel over a time period; determining (1030) superheat temperature values corresponding to the measured temperature values by comparing the measured temperature values with a liquidus temperature of the molten steel; and predicting (1040) a forecast time instance when the critical superheat temperature value is reached. The invention also relates to an apparatus and to a computer-readable medium.

Abstract: Methods, systems, and apparatuses, including computer programs encoded on computer-readable media, for receiving an ordered list of nodes that defines contents of a transaction document. The one or more nodes include a data field associated with one or more data items. Transaction data associated one or more data items is received. Each node of the ordered list of nodes is executed to generate a result tree that includes at least a portion of the transaction data. The result tree is sent to a remote device that displays a first document in a first format based upon the result tree. A second document is rendered in a second format based upon the result tree and sent to the remote device.