Abstract: A computer implemented method for determining a characteristic of a network, the network having a plurality of vertices and a plurality of connections, where at least one of the plurality of vertices is defined as a starting vertex, and at least one of the plurality of vertices is defined as a destination vertex, the method having the steps of: allocating a cost value to each connection, a potential value to the starting vertex and a potential value to the destination vertex, executing an inverse system matrix related to the flow of the network, calculating the relative flow of a connection over all neighboring vertices of each vertex, and determining the characteristic of a network by evaluating the relative flow of each connection.

Abstract: A computer implemented method for determining a characteristic of a network, the network having a plurality of vertices and a plurality of connections, where at least one of the plurality of vertices is defined as a starting vertex, and at least one of the plurality of vertices is defined as a destination vertex, the method having the steps of: allocating a cost value to each connection, a potential value to the starting vertex and a potential value to the destination vertex, executing an inverse system matrix related to the flow of the network, calculating the relative flow of a connection over all neighboring vertices of each vertex, and determining the characteristic of a network by evaluating the relative flow of each connection.

Abstract: A pipe coupling system for joining a first pipe to a second pipe, the system having: a fitting having a first opening at a first end, a threaded portion, and an interior channel, the first opening capable of receiving the first pipe, a nut having a nut opening and a threaded portion, the nut opening capable of receiving the first pipe, and a sealing member having a seal opening, the sealing member capable of receiving the first pipe and being deformed by a compression force, the threaded portion of the nut capable of screwing onto the threaded portion of the fitting thereby applying a compression force onto the sealing member, the interior channel capable of receiving the sealing member, the sealing member capable of sealing a gap between the fitting and the first pipe and/or gripping the first pipe thereby securing the first pipe to the coupling system.