Abstract: A Raman spectrometer 1 comprising a laser 1001 for illuminating a sample S under investigation, an auto-focusing system for focusing the laser 1001 on the sample S under investigation, and a detector 1010 for detecting Raman spectra emitted in response to illumination by the laser 1001. The auto-focusing system further comprises at least one adjustable focusing element for adjusting the location of the focus of the laser, a determination unit 1012 for determining a selected location for the focus of the laser 1001, and a control unit for adjusting the adjustable focusing element to focus the laser at said selected location determined by the determination unit 1012. The auto-focusing system is arranged under the control of software to enable determination of the selected location for the focus of the laser 1001.

Abstract: A Raman spectrometer arrangement comprising a Raman spectrometer 1 having a laser 1001 for illuminating a sample S and a spectrometer accessory 4 configured to be mounted on the spectrometer, wherein the spectrometer accessory comprises a surface configured to receive the sample S. The Raman spectrometer arrangement is configured to operate in at least a first configuration and a second configuration, wherein the first configuration is such that the laser 1001 illuminates the sample S before reaching a level of the surface and the second configuration is such that the laser 1001 reaches the level of the surface before illuminating the sample S.

Abstract: A system comprising a laser 1001 for illuminating a sample S under investigation, a temperature sensor 1019 for sensing the operating temperature of the laser 1001 and generating an output which is indicative of the sensed temperature, a temperature stabilisation device 1018 for controlling the operating temperature of the laser 1001, and a controller 1012 for determining a target operating temperature or temperature range for the laser based on the output of the temperature sensor 1019 and for controlling the temperature stabilisation device 1018 to drive the operating temperature of the laser 1001 towards the target operating temperature or temperature range.

Abstract: A method for identifying the presence of at least one adulterant substance in a sample. The method comprises receiving sets of sample spectral data, reference spectral data, validation spectral data each set for a respective validation example, and adulterant substance spectral data for said at least one adulterant substance. From these residue data which is representative of a residue which would remain after performing a least squares fitting process between the sample spectral data and the reference spectral data is determined and modified sample residue data which is representative of a residue which would remain after performing a least squares fitting process between the sample spectral data, the reference spectral data and the adulterant substance spectral data is determined. The corresponding two residue data sets are also determined for each validation example.

Abstract: A method for identifying the presence of at least one adulterant substance in a sample. The method comprises receiving sets of sample spectral data, reference spectral data, validation spectral data each set for a respective validation example, and adulterant substance spectral data for said at least one adulterant substance. From these residue data which is representative of a residue which would remain after performing a least squares fitting process between the sample spectral data and the reference spectral data is determined and modified sample residue data which is representative of a residue which would remain after performing a least squares fitting process between the sample spectral data, the reference spectral data and the adulterant substance spectral data is determined. The corresponding two residue data sets are also determined for each validation example.

Abstract: A method for identifying the presence of at least one adulterant substance in a sample. The method comprises receiving sets of sample spectral data, reference spectral data, validation spectral data each set for a respective validation example, and adulterant substance spectral data for said at least one adulterant substance. From these residue data which is representative of a residue which would remain after performing a least squares fitting process between the sample spectral data and the reference spectral data is determined and modified sample residue data which is representative of a residue which would remain after performing a least squares fitting process between the sample spectral data, the reference spectral data and the adulterant substance spectral data is determined. The corresponding two residue data sets are also determined for each validation example.

Abstract: A method for identifying the presence of at least one adulterant substance in a sample. The method comprises receiving sets of sample spectral data, reference spectral data, validation spectral data each set for a respective validation example, and adulterant substance spectral data for said at least one adulterant substance. From these residue data which is representative of a residue which would remain after performing a least squares fitting process between the sample spectral data and the reference spectral data is determined and modified sample residue data which is representative of a residue which would remain after performing a least squares fitting process between the sample spectral data, the reference spectral data and the adulterant substance spectral data is determined. The corresponding two residue data sets are also determined for each validation example.