Abstract: A selective catalytic reduction (SCR) system for treating exhaust gas from a diesel engine is provided, along with a method of assembling such a system. The system comprises a frame, a SCR catalyst contained within a SCR canister, and an ammonia oxidation catalyst contained within an ammonia oxidation canister. Each of the SCR and ammonia oxidation canisters is removably attached to the frame.

Abstract: Selective catalytic reduction (SCR) systems are known and are generally included in the exhaust systems of diesel engines in order to treat the exhaust gases of such engines. Such systems typically involve the introduction of a diesel exhaust fluid (DEF) into exhaust gas flowing in an exhaust passage of an engine. DEF dosing systems are limited by the amounts of DEF that can be delivered without deposits forming on surfaces of the aftertreatment system. An impaction device is dosed with DEF at a first rate based on a set of characteristics of the SCR system. A second set of characteristics, such as an available storage capacity for DEF, is determined based on a set of criteria, such as a decomposition rate of DEF. Based on the second set of characteristics, the DEF dosing rate is changed to a second rate. The dosing rate is reverted to the first rate after a second set of criteria, e.g. a lower threshold of available storage for DEF, are fulfilled.

Abstract: A selective catalytic reduction (SCR) system is provided for treating exhaust gas in an exhaust passage. The system comprises a hydrolysis catalyst located in the exhaust passage, and a diesel exhaust fluid (DEF) dosing unit configured to inject DEF onto the hydrolysis catalyst. A SCR catalyst is located in the passage downstream of the hydrolysis catalyst, and a controller controls DEF dosing by the dosing unit. The controller is configured to control the DEF dosing unit such that the DEF is injected at a modulated frequency of less than or equal to 1 Hertz. A method of treating exhaust gas in an exhaust passage using an SCR system is also provided.

Abstract: A selective catalytic reduction (SCR) system is provided for treating exhaust gas in an exhaust passage. The system comprises a hydrolysis catalyst located in the exhaust passage, and a diesel exhaust fluid (DEF) dosing unit configured to inject DEF onto the hydrolysis catalyst. A SCR catalyst is located in the passage downstream of the hydrolysis catalyst, and a controller controls DEF dosing by the dosing unit. The controller is configured to control the DEF dosing unit such that the DEF is injected at a modulated frequency of less than or equal to 1 Hertz. A method of treating exhaust gas in an exhaust passage using an SCR system is also provided.

Abstract: Selective catalytic reduction (SCR) systems are known and are generally included in the exhaust systems of diesel engines in order to treat the exhaust gases of such engines. Such systems typically involve the introduction of a diesel exhaust fluid (DEF) into exhaust gas flowing in an exhaust passage of an engine. DEF dosing systems are limited by the amounts of DEF that can be delivered without deposits forming on surfaces of the aftertreatment system. An impaction device is dosed with DEF at a first rate based on a set of characteristics of the SCR system. A second set of characteristics, such as an available storage capacity for DEF, is determined based on a set of criteria, such as a decomposition rate of DEF. Based on the second set of characteristics, the DEF dosing rate is changed to a second rate. The dosing rate is reverted to the first rate after a second set of criteria, e.g. a lower threshold of available storage for DEF, are fulfilled.

Abstract: A selective catalytic reduction (SCR) system for treating exhaust gases in an exhaust passage is provided. The system comprises a first catalyst for converting urea to ammonia, the first catalyst being located in the passage and having an upstream face and a downstream face. The upstream face is at a right angle to an axial flow path (A) through the passage. The system further comprises a second catalyst for converting NOx to nitrogen gas and water in the presence of ammonia, with the second catalyst being located in the passage downstream of the first catalyst. A diesel exhaust fluid dosing unit is located upstream of the first catalyst. The dosing unit comprises a nozzle arranged so as to inject DEF directly onto the upstream face of the first catalyst.

Abstract: A selective catalytic reduction (SCR) system for treating exhaust gas from a diesel engine is provided, along with a method of assembling such a system. The system comprises a frame, a SCR catalyst contained within a SCR canister, and an ammonia oxidation catalyst contained within an ammonia oxidation canister. Each of the SCR and ammonia oxidation canisters is removably attached to the frame.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for exploration of the bile duct is provided wherein an endoscope having a probe of sufficiently small diameter to be inserted into the cystic duct is utilized. The probe has channels therein including conventional illuminating, viewing and irrigation facilities. In addition, a separate passageway is provided for a malleable stylet. This malleable stylet gives the scope the necessary rigidity and shape to be introduced and controlled precisely within the bile duct while at the same time allows the scope to be individually reconfigured as needed during an operation to meet the particular anatomical needs of a patient.

Abstract: A rack for storing an endoscope having a control section, an insertion tube, and an universal tube is disclosed. The rack includes a planar base which is disposed generally vertically. An irregularly shaped rest extends perpendicularly from one face of the base and includes a generally straight front portion extending upwardly from the bottom front of the base to a position below the top of the base and a generally convex portion extending downwardly from the upper end of the front portion to the bottom rear of the base. A vertically disposed planar cover is spaced from the planar base by the rest. This cover extends vertically above the rest so that a snug holder for the endoscope is provided with the control section resting against the front portion and the universal tube draping over the convex portion. With this construction, the insertion tube hangs substantially vertically from the control section and the remainder of the universal tube also hangs substantially vertically.