Abstract: A dynamoelectric machine including an inner cylindrical stator, an outer cylindrical stator, and a cylindrical rotor positioned radially between the inner cylindrical stator and the outer cylindrical stator, the cylindrical rotor being rotatable with respect to the inner and outer cylindrical stators. The cylindrical rotor includes at least one rotating conductor which includes a mixture of an electrically conducting material and a ferromagnetic material. The inner and outer cylindrical stators include at least one of (i) gradient magnetic field strength areas that vary in flux density longitudinally down along an axial direction of the dynamoelectric machine, (ii) different radial diameters of overlapping rotor and stator portions provided at different axial positions of the dynamoelectric machine, and (iii) electromagnets which are structured to be selectively energized based on a changing variable.

Abstract: Alkali fuel cells, systems, and related methods, and flow-through, high-surface area electrodes, are employed to generate electricity. The electrode can include a porous substrate comprising a first side for fluid ingress, a second side for fluid egress, and a plurality of walls oriented in different directions between the first and second sides. Voids can be defined between the walls. The walls can include surfaces and micro-scale pores. A multi-directional fluid flow path can be defined between the first and second sides. A thin film comprising a catalytic material can be disposed on the surfaces. A fuel/electrolyte mixture can be flowable generally from the first side, through the voids and the pores of the substrate and in contact with the thin film, and to the second side. Additives can be included for refreshing the electrolyte and/or the electrode.

Abstract: Alkali fuel cells, systems, and related methods, and flow-through, high-surface area electrodes, are employed to generate electricity. The electrode can include a porous substrate comprising a first side for fluid ingress, a second side for fluid egress, and a plurality of walls oriented in different directions between the first and second sides, with voids defined between the walls, which can include surfaces and micro-scale pores. A thin film comprising a catalytic material can be disposed on the surfaces. A fuel/electrolyte mixture can be flowable generally from the first side, through the voids and the pores of the substrate and in contact with the thin film, and to the second side. Additives can be included for refreshing the electrolyte and/or the electrode. A water/thermal/pressure management system includes a permeable membrane from which water can be removed from a fluid while retaining fuel and/or electrolyte in the fluid. The electrolyte can include an additive that cleans the electrodes.