Abstract: A system for the measurement of the difference between two fluid flows in two separate ducts using one or more monitoring electrodes or the like arranged in respective ducts is disclosed. The fluid flow in one duct is adapted so that it is capable of being transferred to the other duct. This can be done, for example, using means for the alternate change-over of the fluid flows from their respective ducts to the opposite duct, so that ultimately all the electrodes and/or duct walls are acted upon to a substantially equal extent. Alternatively, this may be achieved using means for conducting one and the same fluid flow through both ducts where the fluid flow difference becomes zero and the measured value can be used as a new zero value for the continued measurement.

Abstract: An apparatus as disclosed for the venting of gases contained in fluids passing through a primary conduit in connection with medical treatments comprising throttling means interposed in the primary conduit, pump means downstream of the throttling means for drawing the fluid through said primary conduit, means for enhanced bubble formation in the fluid positioned between the throttling means and pump means in the primary conduit, and venting means disposed in the primary conduit downstream of the pump means, the venting means for removing gaseous bubbles from the fluid when the fluid is passed therethrough.

Abstract: Heating apparatus for heating of a fluid. The heating apparatus comprises a conduit having a fluid passage therethrough for conduction of a fluid to be heated, a heating device, such as for example electrical heating plates, in heat transfer contact with a portion of the conduit for heating the fluid being conducted therethrough, and a temperature sensing device positioned in engagement with the conduit at a predetermined location along the conduit external to the conduit for sensing the temperature of the fluid to be conducted therepast. A contact member is arranged to engage the flexible conduit at the predetermined location for compressing the flexible conduit to constrict the cross sectional area of the flow passage thereat when the flow rate of the fluid is below a predetermined flow rate. Preferably, the contact member is spring biased towards the flow passage constricting position, and is movable away from such position when the flow rate exceeds a predetermined flow rate.

Abstract: A mine anchor for anchoring a buoyant mine and provided with a rotatable drum for a mine anchoring wire.In order to obtain a reliable and accurate anchoring at a preset depth there is a contact manometer at the mine and a signal line for transmitting a signal therefrom to an exploding device on the mine locking the drum against further rotation.