Abstract: A system and a method of determining persistent presence of an authorized user while performing allowed operations on an allowed resource of the system while satisfying certain context-sensitive restrictions are disclosed. The system receives a request from a user to authenticate him/her. The system authenticates the user using biometric information of the user or any other authentication mechanism in a given context-sensitive restriction. If the user is authenticated, then the system allows the user to perform the allowed operation using the allowed resources in the context-sensitive restriction. If the authentication fails indicating that the user is an unauthorized user, then the system initiates a resolution process to halt or terminate the allowed operation to restrict or obfuscate the allowed operation from being accessed by the unauthorized user. In one embodiment, the system comprises an External Companion Device (ECD) paired with the system to perform the authentication and manage the allowed.

Abstract: A system and a method of determining persistent presence of an authorized user while performing allowed operations on an allowed resource of the system while satisfying certain context-sensitive restrictions are disclosed. The system receives a request from a user to authenticate him/her. The system authenticates the user using biometric information of the user or any other authentication mechanism in a given context-sensitive restriction. If the user is authenticated, then the system allows the user to perform the allowed operation using the allowed resources in the context-sensitive restriction. If the authentication fails indicating that the user is an unauthorized user, then the system initiates a resolution process to halt or terminate the allowed operation to restrict or obfuscate the allowed operation from being accessed by the unauthorized user. In one embodiment, the system comprises an External Companion Device (ECD) paired with the system to perform the authentication and manage the allowed.

Abstract: A system and a method of determining persistent presence of an authorized user while performing allowed operations on an allowed resource of the system while satisfying certain context-sensitive restrictions are disclosed. The system receives a request from a user to authenticate him/her. The system authenticates the user using biometric information of the user or any other authentication mechanism in a given context-sensitive restriction. If the user is authenticated, then the system allows the user to perform the allowed operation using the allowed resources in the context-sensitive restriction. If the authentication fails indicating that the user is an unauthorized user, then the system initiates a resolution process to halt or terminate the allowed operation to restrict or obfuscate the allowed operation from being accessed by the unauthorized user. In one embodiment, the system comprises an External Companion Device (ECD) paired with the system to perform the authentication and manage the allowed.

Abstract: Described herein is a combination of mixed-signal hardware and software that is capable or realizing hybrid chaotic oscillators that can be tuned digitally. This includes the type/class of chaotic oscillator, initial conditions, nonlinear elements, thresholds, nonlinear event surfaces, delays, etc. At the same time, tunable methods of how to use the chaotic oscillator information to encrypt and decrypt both analog and digital information is presented. This will make the secure information not vulnerable by digital information compromises or hardware breach.

Abstract: Described herein is a combination of mixed-signal hardware and software that is capable or realizing hybrid chaotic oscillators that can be tuned digitally. This includes the type/class of chaotic oscillator, initial conditions, nonlinear elements, thresholds, nonlinear event surfaces, delays, etc. At the same time, tunable methods of how to use the chaotic oscillator information to encrypt and decrypt both analog and digital information is presented. This will make the secure information not vulnerable by digital information compromises or hardware breach.

Abstract: A method to tune electronic devices in general using R/2R ladder networks to obtain fixed or variable accurate properties that may include, but are not limited to resistance, current, voltage, and/or timing. As a particular application, a method for internally calibrating a digital-to-analog converter is shown in detail. The DAC uses an extended R/2R ladder to improve the converting accuracy by mapping the extended bits into the original bits. A mapping matrix is maintained, which can be rewritten by an internal calibration process.

Abstract: A method to tune electronic devices in general using R/2R ladder networks to obtain fixed or variable accurate properties that may include, but are not limited to resistance, current, voltage, and/or timing. As a particular application, a method for internally calibrating a digital-to-analog converter is shown in detail. The DAC uses an extended R/2R ladder to improve the converting accuracy by mapping the extended bits into the original bits. A mapping matrix is maintained, which can be rewritten by an internal calibration process.

Abstract: A mixed-signal system for performing Taylor series function approximations is disclosed. The mixed-signal system includes a digital-to-analog converter (DAC), multiple resistor-to-resistor (R2R) ladders, various digital registers, a digital processor and an analog integrator. The digital processor calculates coefficients F, Fx, Fy, Fxx, Fxy, Fyy of a Taylor series equation and calculates distance functions. The digital processor also includes a digital register for storing a magnitude scaling factor ?(x0,y0) of the Taylor series equation. The DAC control register uploads a lead term F(x0,y0) of the Taylor series equation from the digital processor to the DAC. The first-order digital registers controls resistances of the R2R ladders. The second-order digital registers uploads coefficients Fx, Fy, Fxx, Fxy, Fyy of the Taylor series equation from the digital processor to the DAC. The analog integrator adds outputs from the DAC and the R2R ladder to generate approximation results for the Taylor series equation.

Abstract: A mixed-signal system for performing Taylor series function approximations is disclosed. The mixed-signal system includes a digital-to-analog converter (DAC), multiple resistor-to-resistor (R2R) ladders, various digital registers, a digital processor and an analog integrator. The digital processor calculates coefficients F, Fx, Fy, Fxx, Fxy, Fyy of a Taylor series equation and calculates distance functions. The digital processor also includes a digital register for storing a magnitude scaling factor ?(x0,y0) of the Taylor series equation. The DAC control register uploads a lead term F(x0,y0) of the Taylor series equation from the digital processor to the DAC. The first-order digital registers controls resistances of the R2R ladders. The second-order digital registers uploads coefficients Fx, Fy, Fxx, Fxy, Fyy of the Taylor series equation from the digital processor to the DAC. The analog integrator adds outputs from the DAC and the R2R ladder to generate approximation results for the Taylor series equation.