Abstract: A modular flow-cell unit includes a mechanical fixing interface configured for receiving a further modular flow-cell unit and also includes a fluid interface configured for receiving fluid from the further modular flow-cell unit or for transferring fluid to the further modular flow-cell unit. The modular flow-cell unit is configured to be connected to the further modular flow-cell unit for a flow-cell assembly including a first modular flow-cell unit and a second modular flow-cell unit. The modular flow-cell unit includes a lateral plate and a protruding edge. The modular flow-cell unit can be connected via a connection element insertable into the protruding edge of each of the modular flow-cell units.

Abstract: An inductive stirring system for a chemical analysis system includes a magnetic stirring bar configured to be arranged in a measuring cell and rotatable about an axis of rotation for agitating a liquid to be detected in the measuring cell, and an inductor arrangement comprising a plurality of inductors and configured to be arranged below the measuring cell. The plurality of inductors of the inductor arrangement is arranged axially around the axis of rotation of the magnetic stirring element and is configured to generate a magnetic field for causing the magnetic stirring bar to rotate about the axis of rotation in the measuring cell.

Abstract: A fluid delivery system for a chemical analysis system having a measuring cell that comprises at least one inlet and configured to allow a fluid to be measured when flowing into the measuring cell via the at least one inlet includes at least one first valve arranged at the at least one inlet and a pumping system comprising a pump configured to aspirate the fluid and draw the fluid into the measuring cell from the at least one inlet. The at least one first valve is configured to be opened for allowing the fluid being aspirated and drawn into the measuring cell via the at least one inlet. The fluid may pass through the pump, or, in the case of a syringe pump, be retained within the pump for later discharge.

Abstract: A turbidity calibration-correction apparatus is configured for an automated calibration-correction of a turbidity. The calibration-correction apparatus includes: a turbidity calibration standard configured for calibration of the turbidity measurement apparatus, a memory configured to store an attribute-value including at least a correction-value that is a function of a turbidity value of the turbidity calibration standard measured by the turbidity measurement apparatus, where the calibration-correction is based on the correction-value, and a communicator configured to transfer at least an identity of the turbidity measurement apparatus and the correction-value from the turbidity measurement apparatus to the calibration-correction apparatus.

Abstract: A modular flow-cell unit comprising a mechanical fixing interface configured for receiving a further modular flow-cell unit; and a fluid interface configured for receiving fluid from the further modular flow-cell unit or for transferring fluid to the further modular flow-cell unit.

Abstract: A flow-cell device for sensing electrochemical process parameters includes a cell housing, a sensor housing for receiving a sensor arranged at a side of the cell housing and protruding into the cell housing; and a motor arrangement arranged at the cell housing for stirring the liquid when the flow-cell device is in operation.

Abstract: A system and method for self-calibrating optical turbidity measurements includes a housing comprising a cavity with an inner wall having an essentially straight section and an opening for the medium. An optical standard is moveable between first and second sections within the essentially straight section, and a light source and a light sensor, arranged at the first section and configured to measure the turbidity of the medium, when the optical standard is at the second section, and configured to measure the turbidity of the optical standard and to determine, as a function of the measured turbidity, a calibration coefficient for performing a self-calibration, when the optical standard is at the first section.

Abstract: A reference electrode system for a pH-sensor system includes: a first junction having a membrane with a sealed side; a reference electrode, the reference electrode and/or an electrically conducting wire of the reference electrode being covered completely except for an end portion of the reference electrode, by a sleeve; and a tube that is arranged, at least partly, around the reference electrode, the electrically conducting wire, and the sleeve, the tube having a closed end which is arranged near the end portion of the reference electrode.

Abstract: A system and method for self-calibrating optical turbidity measurements includes a housing comprising a cavity with an inner wall having an essentially straight section and an opening for the medium. An optical standard is moveable between first and second sections within the essentially straight section, and a light source and a light sensor, arranged at the first section and configured to measure the turbidity of the medium, when the optical standard is at the second section, and configured to measure the turbidity of the optical standard and to determine, as a function of the measured turbidity, a calibration coefficient for performing a self-calibration, when the optical standard is at the first section.

Abstract: A turbidity calibration-correction apparatus is configured for an automated calibration-correction of a turbidity. The calibration-correction apparatus includes: a turbidity calibration standard configured for calibration of the turbidity measurement apparatus, a memory configured to store an attribute-value including at least a correction-value that is a function of a turbidity value of the turbidity calibration standard measured by the turbidity measurement apparatus, where the calibration-correction is based on the correction-value, and a communicator configured to transfer at least an identity of the turbidity measurement apparatus and the correction-value from the turbidity measurement apparatus to the calibration-correction apparatus.

Abstract: A reference electrode system for a pH-sensor system includes: a first junction having a membrane with a sealed side; a reference electrode, the reference electrode and/or an electrically conducting wire of the reference electrode being covered completely except for an end portion of the reference electrode, by a sleeve; and a tube that is arranged, at least partly, around the reference electrode, the electrically conducting wire, and the sleeve, the tube having a closed end which is arranged near the end portion of the reference electrode.

Abstract: A method for monitoring a sensor function of a potentiometric sensor that includes: an ion-sensitive electrode including an ion-sensitive glass bulb; a reference electrode assembly including a reference electrode; and an ion-sensing circuit having a first terminal connected to the ion-sensitive electrode and a second terminal connected to the reference electrode, the circuit measuring the potential difference that develops in the loop between the reference and the ion-sensitive electrode. The method includes the steps of: a) injecting a pre-defined electric test current from the ion-sensing circuit into the loop comprising the reference and the ion-sensitive electrode; b) monitoring an additional potential difference that develops in the loop between the reference and the ion-sensitive electrode in reaction to the injection of the test current; and c) determining if the additional potential difference is within an expected range characterizing healthy function of the sensor.