Abstract: An anatomic simulacra includes at least one reinforced hole defined through the anatomic simulacra. The at least one reinforced hole includes a bore and a reinforcement area proximate the bore. A kit for performing a surgical training procedure includes the anatomic simulacra.

Abstract: A 3D printed anatomic simulacra includes an inner structure, an exterior shell surrounding the inner structure and the core, at least one fragmented exterior shell piece adjacent to the exterior shell, a removable matrix extending between the inner structure and the core, and support structures embedded within the removable matrix, the plurality of support structures extending throughout the inner structure. The removable matrix is configured to be removed from the 3D printed anatomic simulacra before a simulated medical procedure. Another 3D printed anatomic simulacra includes a flexible connective tissue connecting at least two components, the flexible connective tissue defining voids, wherein the plurality of voids are configured to sequentially tear under an applied load, thereby simulating a predefined tear classification. Another anatomic simulacra includes pretensioned fibral elements embedded within a matrix.