Abstract: An audio encoder for encoding an audio signal has: a first encoding processor for encoding a first audio signal portion in a frequency domain, having: a time frequency converter for converting the first audio signal portion into a frequency domain representation; an analyzer for analyzing the frequency domain representation to determine first spectral portions to be encoded with a first spectral resolution and second regions to be encoded with a second resolution; and a spectral encoder for encoding the first spectral portions with the first spectral resolution and encoding the second portions with the second resolution; a second encoding processor for encoding a second different audio signal portion in the time domain; a controller for analyzing and determining, which portion of the audio signal is the first audio signal portion encoded in the frequency domain and which portion is the second audio signal portion encoded in the time domain; and an encoded signal former for forming an encoded audio signal havi

Abstract: An audio decoder for providing a decoded audio information on the basis of an encoded audio information includes a linear-prediction-domain decoder configured to provide a first decoded audio information on the basis of an audio frame encoded in a linear prediction domain, a frequency domain decoder configured to provide a second decoded audio information on the basis of an audio frame encoded in a frequency domain, and a transition processor. The transition processor is configured to obtain a zero-input-response of a linear predictive filtering, wherein an initial state of the linear predictive filtering is defined depending on the first decoded audio information and the second decoded audio information, and modify the second decoded audio information depending on the zero-input-response, to obtain a smooth transition between the first and the modified second decoded audio information.

Abstract: An audio encoder for encoding an audio signal includes: a first encoding processor for encoding a first audio signal portion in a frequency domain, wherein the first encoding processor includes: a time frequency converter for converting the first audio signal portion into a frequency domain representation having spectral lines up to a maximum frequency of the first audio signal portion; a spectral encoder for encoding the frequency domain representation; a second encoding processor for encoding a second different audio signal portion in the time domain; a cross-processor for calculating, from the encoded spectral representation of the first audio signal portion, initialization data of the second encoding processor, so that the second encoding processing is initialized to encode the second audio signal portion immediately following the first audio signal portion in time in the audio signal; a controller configured for analyzing the audio signal and for determining, which portion of the audio signal is the firs

Abstract: The present disclosure is directed to methods, approaches, devices, equipment, and systems for minimizing or reducing contamination in facilities implementing fermentation or distillation processes. In embodiments, the facility is a biofuel plant that produces fermentation product such as product alcohol like butanol. In some embodiments, the methods, approaches, devices, equipment, and systems are operable to implement clean in place contamination (CIP) mitigation techniques that can also include sterilize in place (SIP) mitigation techniques to decontaminate equipment including surfaces of the equipment that come in contact with materials used in the production of product alcohols. Other cleaning and contamination minimizing techniques are also described.

Abstract: The present disclosure is directed to methods, approaches, devices, equipment, and systems for minimizing or reducing contamination in facilities implementing fermentation or distillation processes. In embodiments, the facility is a biofuel plant that produces fermentation product such as product alcohol like butanol. In some embodiments, the methods, approaches, devices, equipment, and systems are operable to implement clean in place contamination (CIP) mitigation techniques that can also include sterilize in place (SIP) mitigation techniques to decontaminate equipment including surfaces of the equipment that come in contact with materials used in the production of product alcohols. Other cleaning and contamination minimizing techniques are also described.

Abstract: The present invention relates to processes and systems for the production of fermentative products such as ethanol and butanol. The present invention also provides methods for separating feed stream components for improved biomass processing productivity.

Abstract: The present invention relates to processes and systems for the production of fermentation products such as alcohols. The present invention also provides methods for separating feed stream components for improved biomass processing and productivity.

Abstract: The present invention relates to processes and systems for the production of fermentation products such as alcohols. The present invention also provides methods for separating feed stream components for improved biomass processing and productivity.

Abstract: The present invention relates to processes and systems for the production of fermentative products such as ethanol and butanol. The present invention also provides methods for separating feed stream components for improved biomass processing productivity.

Abstract: The present invention relates to processes and systems for the production of fermentation products such as alcohols. The present invention also provides methods for separating feed stream components for improved biomass processing and productivity.

Abstract: The present invention relates to processes and systems for the production of fermentative alcohols such as ethanol and butanol. The present invention also provides methods for separating feed stream components for improved biomass processing and productivity.

Abstract: This invention relates to an improved cake-filtration solid-liquid separation process wherein the improvement comprises simultaneously subjecting the solid-liquid mixture to a homogeneous magnetic field, a magnetic field gradient or both and cake-filtration to accomplish separation.

Abstract: This invention relates to apparatus for carrying out continuous or batch centrifugation solid-liquid separation processes in which the solid-liquid mixture is subjected to magnetic field gradients and centrifugation.

Abstract: This invention relates to various apparatus for carrying out cake-filtration solid-liquid separation processes in which the solid-liquid mixture is subjected to a homogeneous magnetic field, a magnetic field gradient or both and cake-filtration.

Abstract: The invention relates to a safety binding (1) for a snowboard, particularly a safety binding to be attached in pairs to a snowboard. The invention solves the problem of reducing force peaks on the lower extremities of the athlete, which, for example, in the event of a fall exceed a force value which can be set, and in this event also enabling a three-dimensional rotation of the lower extremities. This is achieved in that a lower binding part (2), which can be fixed to the snowboard, and an upper binding part (3), which can be fixed to the shoe, are disposed on mutually facing support surfaces in a sliding manner, wherein the support surfaces are designed as the surface elements of two spherical caps, the common center of curvature of which is located above the lower binding part.

Abstract: The invention concerns an inhomogeneous lens with Maxwell's Fish-eye type gradient index (1), made in the shape of a hemisphere. The invention is characterized in that the lens comprises N hemispheric concentric shells (2 to 4), with different discrete dielectric constants and mutually interlaced without void between the two successive shells, with 3?N?20, the discrete dielectric constants of the N shells being such that they define a discrete distribution close to the theoretical distribution of the index inside the lens.

Abstract: The present invention relates to fabrics that can be used in the manufacture of paper. The fabrics preferably have at least three regions of fabric with specified distributions of pore sizes. The fabrics disclosed herein are an effective alternative to conventional dewatering fabrics for removing water from the incipient paper, which can provide energy cost savings in subsequent elevated temperature drying steps.

Abstract: This invention relates to a continuous or batch centrifugation solid-liquid separation process comprising simultaneously subjecting the solid-liquid mixture to localized magnetic field gradients and the centrifugation and to improved centrifugation solid-liquid separation processes wherein the improvement comprises simultaneously subjecting the solid-liquid mixture to a homogeneous magnetic field, a magnetic field gradient or both prior to and/or during the centrifugation.

Abstract: The present invention relates to fabrics that can be used in the manufacture of paper. The fabrics preferably have at least three regions of fabric with specified distributions of pore sizes. The fabrics disclosed herein are an effective alternative to conventional dewatering fabrics for removing water from the incipient paper, which can provide energy cost savings in subsequent elevated temperature drying steps.

Abstract: This invention relates to various apparatus for carrying out cake-filtration solid-liquid separation processes in which the solid-liquid mixture is subjected to a homogeneous magnetic field, a magnetic field gradient or both and cake-filtration.