Abstract: According to one aspect, a method includes determining when a vehicle has arrived at a destination and performing a first authentication process when it is determined that the vehicle has arrived at the destination. The first authentication process being arranged to authenticate a first party to enable the first party to interact with the vehicle. The method also includes determining when the first party has successfully completed the first authentication process, performing a second process when it is determined that the first party has successfully completed the first authentication process, determining whether the second process is successfully completed, and enabling the first party to interact with the vehicle when it is determined that the second process is successfully completed. Performing the second process includes determining when the first party is present within the sensing zone. The first authentication process and the second process are contactless with respect to the vehicle.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a transdermal delivery system for an active substance. The active substance is estrogen or its derivatives and preferably is 17-beta-estradiol. The system comprises an impermeable backing layer and a matrix affixed thereto. The matrix comprises, on a weight percentage basis, from about 60 to about 95% of an adhesive polymer, from about 5 to about 20% of a solvent, from about 0.2 to about 4% of a skin penetration enhancer, and from about 0.5 to about 5% of the active substance. The system is free of any discrete permeable, polymeric, diffusion-controlling membrane.