Abstract: First and second parallel conducting plates include arrayed conducting segments, preferably with specific spacing relative to each other and to the separation of the plates. Currents through the conducting segments are pulsed and phased to produce constructive but unequal interference on the two plates. Among other things, the net result of the interference can produce a net force on the device, and in that manner can be used for propulsion. Preferred devices have up 100 segments or more.

Abstract: First and second parallel conducting plates include arrayed conducting segments, preferably with specific spacing relative to each other and to the separation of the plates. Currents through the conducting segments are pulsed and phased to produce constructive but unequal interference on the two plates. Among other things, the net result of the interference can produce a net force on the device, and in that manner can be used for propulsion. Preferred devices have up 100 segments or more.

Abstract: The SCAM (Super Conducting Action Motor) is an electrical apparatus for generating a one-directional, reactionless force, in violation of Newton's III Law that each action has an equal and opposite reaction. This application exploits relativistic electrodynamics in such a way that the analysis would not be possible using conventional electromagnetic theory. The success of the SCAM depends on the status of the magnetic field being a mathematical representation, rather than a physical reality. The SCAM consists of two connected parallel plates of super-conducting elements mounted in a non-conducting substrate. Current is pulsed through the conducting elements in a controlled manner to produce unequal forces on the two plates, yielding a net force in one direction.