Abstract: The invention provides an apparatus for increasing a number concentration of molecules of an analyte of interest in real time from a sample gas flow containing ionised molecules of the analyte, aerosol particles and other molecules, the apparatus comprising: an ion-concentrating chamber having: an inlet for receiving the sample gas flow; an ion outlet; and at least one other outlet; the ion-concentrating chamber being connected or connectable to a gas flow generating and controlling device for establishing a gas flow velocity field within the ion-concentrating chamber to direct the aerosol particles and other molecules of the sample gas flow to the at least one other outlet; and one or more electrodes arranged in an axially spaced apart manner along the ion-concentrating chamber for creating an electric field within the ion-concentrating chamber to direct the ionised analyte molecules in the sample gas flow to the ion outlet, wherein the electrodes are configured such that an absolute value of the stren

Abstract: The invention provides a method and apparatus subjecting an analyte in an ion concentrating chamber to an electric and velocity field to concentrate analyte ions into a smaller space.

Abstract: A method of reducing the pressure of a liquid includes the steps of providing a conduit containing a packing material, such that a large number of small passages are formed in the packing material, and passing the liquid through the conduit and the packing material. The amount of packing material through which the liquid flows can be varied to vary the pressure drop experienced by the liquid passing through the packing material. The reduction in pressure achieved may be stepwise (discrete) or continuous. The method may be used to reduce the pressure of an aqueous polymer solution for use in a polymer flood technique for oil extraction, and allows the pressure to be reduced without damage to the polymer.

Abstract: The invention provides a method for increasing the number concentration of molecules of an analyte of interest in real time from a sample gas flow containing the analyte and other molecules; the method comprising: (a) when the analyte molecules of interest in the sample gas flow are non-ionised or are not ionised to a desired extent, exposing the sample gas flow to an ionising entity to bring about formation of ions of the analyte and then passing the sample gas flow through an ion-concentrating chamber; or (b) when the analyte molecules of interest in the sample gas flow are already ionised, passing the sample gas flow through an ion-concentrating chamber without first exposing the sample gas flow to an ionising entity; whereby, in the ion-concentrating chamber, analyte ions and other molecules are subjected to an electric field and a velocity field such that analyte ions are concentrated by the combined effects of the electric field and velocity field into a smaller space; wherein the ion-concentrating c

Abstract: A process for producing a component from a fiber-reinforced plastic with a thermoset matrix. The process includes the steps providing a first and second thermoset prepreg layer, producing a cutout in the first thermoset prepreg layer, providing a thermoplastic layer in the semifinished product between the first and the second thermoset prepreg layer in the region of the cutout, and manufacturing the component with a first and second thermoset layer and a thermoplastic layer in the region of the cutout, where the thermoplastic layer is locked between the two thermoset layers. The component may be used in a vehicle, where the component has been produced from a fiber-reinforced plastic with a thermoset matrix by the abovementioned process.

Abstract: A geodetic surveying instrument to move a measurement light beam into a desired measurement direction in space, comprising at least one movement axis which is motorized, providing a positioning of the measurement direction of the geodetic surveying instrument, and an instrument-encoder at the movement axis configured for deriving the measurement direction as a measurement value of the geodetic surveying instrument. The geodetic surveying instrument comprises a transmission link of the movement axis of the geodetic surveying instrument to a motor axis of a stepper motor, which transmission link is configured with a gear reduction and a slipping clutch arrangement, and wherein the stepper motor comprises a rotational motor-encoder on its motor-axis and is driven by a motor controller that provides a field oriented control of phase currents of the stepper motor, which field orientation is derived based on the rotational motor-encoder.

Abstract: A laser scanner and a system with a laser scanner for measuring an environment. The laser scanner includes an optical distance measuring device, a support, a beam steering unit rotatably fixed to the support which rotates around a beam axis of rotation. The beam steering unit includes a mirrored surface which deflects radiation used in the optical distance measurement and an angle encoder for recording angle data. The optical distance measurement is performed by a progressive rotation of the beam steering unit about the beam axis of rotation and the continuous emission of a distance measurement radiation, the emission being made through an outlet area arranged in the direction of the mirrored surface on the support, the receiving optics for receiving radiation are arranged on the support, and wherein the outlet area has a lateral offset with respect to the optical axis of the receiving optics.

Abstract: A process for producing a component from a fiber-reinforced plastic with a thermoset matrix. The process includes the steps providing a first and second thermoset prepreg layer, producing a cutout in the first thermoset prepreg layer, providing a thermoplastic layer in the semifinished product between the first and the second thermoset prepreg layer in the region of the cutout, and manufacturing the component with a first and second thermoset layer and a thermoplastic layer in the region of the cutout, where the thermoplastic layer is locked between the two thermoset layers. The component may be used in a vehicle, where the component has been produced from a fiber-reinforced plastic with a thermoset matrix by the abovementioned process.

Abstract: A tire module and cover for attachment to a pneumatic tire for vehicles is disclosed. The tire module has a device for measuring and/or monitoring the air pressure in the tire, a transmitter, a mechanical-electrical transducer, and an accumulator for electrical energy storage. The cover includes a flange which extends outwardly away from the tire module and has an underside for attachment to the inner side of the tire, said flange forming the edge of the interior space of the cover. The inner height of the cover may be less than or equal to the height of the tire module measured from the underside to the top side thereof. The flange has an inwardly directed projection which engages beneath the tire module. The underside of the tire module is higher up in the region of the flange projection as compared to a central underside region.

Abstract: A tire pressure monitoring device is mounted on a wheel of a vehicle provided with a pneumatic tire. The device contains a tire pressure sensor and a transmitter which transmits signals wirelessly in transmission intervals, between which in each case there is a first transmission pause. A control device controls the sensor, the transmitter and the first transmission pause thereof. A source provides electrical energy to a rechargeable electric accumulator, in which electrical energy delivered from the source is stored until it is required. The state of charge of the rechargeable electric accumulator is monitored by a monitoring device and one or more of the first transmission causes is/are then ended as soon as enough electrical energy is stored in the rechargeable accumulator to operate the tire pressure monitoring device between two successive first transmission pauses until the conclusion of a predetermined number of transmission processes.

Abstract: A tire module and cover for attachment to a pneumatic tire for vehicles is disclosed. The tire module has a device for measuring and/or monitoring the air pressure in the tire, a transmitter, a mechanical-electrical transducer, and an accumulator for electrical energy storage. The cover includes a flange which extends outwardly away from the tire module and has an underside for attachment to the inner side of the tire, said flange forming the edge of the interior space of the cover. The inner height of the cover may be less than or equal to the height of the tire module measured from the underside to the top side thereof. The flange has an inwardly directed projection which engages beneath the tire module. The underside of the tire module is higher up in the region of the flange projection as compared to a central underside region.

Abstract: A tire module for attachment to an inside of a pneumatic tire for vehicles includes a device for measuring and/or monitoring the air pressure in the tire. A transmitter for transmitting radio signals, which contains information regarding the air pressure in the tire, includes a mechanical-electrical transducer having a flexible piezo-electrical element, which converts alternating changes in shape of the piezo-electric element caused by the rolling tire into electric energy and includes a storage unit for the electric energy, which is connected to the transducer. The transducer may contain a circular, disc-like, piezo-electric element, which in the following is described as piezo disc and on which an electrical voltage generated through the piezo effect is tapped off on contact points which are located on opposite sides of the piezo disc.

Abstract: A fender has an air-conducting device with air-conducting lamellae fastened in a holding frame. The air-conducting device has, in the fender, an outer opening into which the air-conducting lamellae project. An air mass flowing into the wheel arch or the fender is conducted to the outside by the air-conducting lamellae.

Abstract: A tire module and cover for attachment to a pneumatic tire for vehicles is disclosed. The tire module has a device for measuring and/or monitoring the air pressure in the tire, a transmitter, a mechanical-electrical transducer, and an accumulator for electrical energy storage. The cover includes a flange which extends outwardly away from the tire module and has an underside for attachment to the inner side of the tire, said flange forming the edge of the interior space of the cover. The inner height of the cover may be less than or equal to the height of the tire module measured from the underside to the top side thereof. The flange has an inwardly directed projection which engages beneath the tire module. The underside of the tire module is higher up in the region of the flange projection as compared to a central underside region.

Abstract: An insulating support (20) for insulating an electrical conductor contained in aligned casing portions (34, 35), is held in a housing (39) defined by the flanges (36, 37) for joining the casing portions (34, 35) together, the flanges presenting contact faces (38) around the periphery (24) of the support (20). A single sealing gasket (41) is sufficient to prevent the atmosphere in the casing leaking to the outside, and that simplifies assembly of the electrical equipment, while at the same time protecting the support (20) from the outside. For application to medium- and high-voltage electrical equipment.

Abstract: A tire pressure monitoring device is mounted on a wheel of a vehicle provided with a pneumatic tire. The device contains a tire pressure sensor and a transmitter which transmits signals wirelessly in transmission intervals, between which in each case there is a first transmission pause. A control device controls the sensor, the transmitter and the first transmission pause thereof. A source provides electrical energy to a rechargeable electric accumulator, in which electrical energy delivered from the source is stored until it is required. The state of charge of the rechargeable electric accumulator is monitored by a monitoring device and one or more of the first transmission causes is/are then ended as soon as enough electrical energy is stored in the rechargeable accumulator to operate the tire pressure monitoring device between two successive first transmission pauses until the conclusion of a predetermined number of transmission processes.

Abstract: A tire pressure sensor for motor vehicles, includes a housing, which accommodates an integrated circuit (sensor IC), having a microcontroller and a pressure sensor. The microcontroller transfers pressure measurement values to a separate receiver device by wireless communication. The sensor IC has an internal memory, in which executable instructions and data can be stored, which, when executed, result in the acquisition and transference of the pressure measurement data. A power supply is disposed in the housing, and coupled to the sensor IC which is coupled to an auxiliary memory module disposed in the housing. Numerous different data packets, with respective instructions or data, are stored in the memory module. The auxiliary memory module can be activated via the microcontroller, in order to copy a selected data packet into the internal memory. The auxiliary memory module is coupled to the microcontroller of the sensor IC by a serial data interface.

Abstract: A tire pressure sensor for motor vehicles includes a housing accommodating an integrated circuit (sensor IC), wherein the sensor IC has a microcontroller and a pressure sensor. The microcontroller, transfers pressure measurement values acquired by the pressure sensor to a receiver by wireless communication. The sensor IC has an internal memory, in which executable instructions and data can be stored, which, when executed, result in the acquisition and transference of the pressure measurement data. The sensor IC is coupled to an auxiliary memory module disposed in the housing. Numerous different data packets, with respective instructions or data, are stored in the memory module which can be activated via the microcontroller, in order to copy a selected data packet into the internal memory. The microcontroller controls the power supply for the auxiliary memory module such that the auxiliary memory can be switched over to an energy saving mode.

Abstract: A tire pressure monitoring device is equipped for attaching to a wheel of a vehicle provided with pneumatic tires. The device measures the tire air pressure present in the pneumatic tire or a change of the tire pressure. An electrical circuit controls the tire pressure monitoring device. A memory stores a program for the electrical circuit. A first transmitter operates in a first frequency range for transmitting data out of the tire pressure monitoring device to a first receiver located outside the tire pressure monitoring device. In the memory initially a basic version of the program is stored, out of which multiple different versions of the program for multiple vehicle types can be developed. Subsequently, a fitting full version for a selected vehicle type is created in that program parameters intended for the selected vehicle type are subsequently stored in the memory of the tire pressure monitoring device.