Abstract: An inorganic, non-quarter wave, heterogeneous multilayer effect pigment includes a platy substrate comprising an absorbing optically active metal oxide layer thereon, having an optical thickness from about 20 nm to about 400 nm; a layer of low refractive index material on the absorbing optically active metal oxide layer and having an optical thickness from about 10 nm to about 500 nm; and an outermost optically active layer of a non-absorbing high refractive index material on the low refractive index material and having an optical thickness from about 50 nm to about 1000 nm. The multilayer effect pigment exhibits a blue reflectance ratio (BRR) of at least 3, according to the equation: BRR=(Blue Max)/(Green Min); where Blue Max is the maximum reflectance exhibited over wavelengths 380 nm to 450 nm; and Green Min is the minimum reflectance exhibited over wavelengths 450 nm to 600 nm.

Abstract: In an embodiment, a method is provided. The method comprises extracting, from an image acquired with a first image-capture device, an image portion having dimensions of an extent of a second image-capture device. The method further comprises normalizing a parameter of the image portion. The method further comprises determining at least one edge of at least one object in the image portion; and generating, in response to the determined at least one edge, an edge map corresponding to the image portion.

Abstract: In an embodiment, a method is provided. The method comprises extracting, from an image acquired with a first image-capture device, an image portion having dimensions of an extent of a second image-capture device. The method further comprises normalizing a parameter of the image portion. The method further comprises determining at least one edge of at least one object in the image portion; and generating, in response to the determined at least one edge, an edge map corresponding to the image portion.

Abstract: Compositions and methods disclosed herein relate to improved in vitro cell-free systems for various biological reactions. In one aspect, a composition of the present disclosure includes: a cell-free extract derived from an organism; a nucleic acid; and an organelle that is heterologous to the organism.

Abstract: An effect pigment includes a substrate; an outer layer disposed above the substrate; and particles disposed above the substrate and at least partially entrapped by the outer layer, the particles comprising quantum dots.

Abstract: A system and methods for reducing map search area requirements in a navigation system are disclosed. The system includes a vehicle, an imaging device onboard the vehicle configured to generate an image scan, receive at least one image responsive to the image scan, and a processing device configured to receive and store the at least one image. The system further includes a navigation system onboard the vehicle configured to store an image of a map, and a learning network associated with the navigation system and configured to divide the image of the map into a plurality of map subsections, recognize each one of a plurality of images of different landmarks on the map, generate a set of classifications for each map subsection, and associate each classification of the set of classifications with at least one landmark of the different landmarks on the map.

Abstract: A system and methods for reducing map search area requirements in a navigation system are disclosed. The system includes a vehicle, an imaging device onboard the vehicle configured to generate an image scan, receive at least one image responsive to the image scan, and a processing device configured to receive and store the at least one image. The system further includes a navigation system onboard the vehicle configured to store an image of a map, and a learning network associated with the navigation system and configured to divide the image of the map into a plurality of map subsections, recognize each one of a plurality of images of different landmarks on the map, generate a set of classifications for each map subsection, and associate each classification of the set of classifications with at least one landmark of the different landmarks on the map.

Abstract: An inorganic, non-quarter wave, heterogeneous multilayer effect pigment includes a platy substrate comprising an absorbing optically active metal oxide layer thereon, having an optical thickness from about 20 nm to about 400 nm; a layer of low refractive index material on the absorbing optically active metal oxide layer and having an optical thickness from about 10 nm to about 500 nm; and an outermost optically active layer of a non-absorbing high refractive index material on the low refractive index material and having an optical thickness from about 50 nm to about 1000 nm. The multilayer effect pigment exhibits a blue reflectance ratio (BRR) of at least 3, according to the equation: BRR=(Blue Max)/(Green Min); where Blue Max is the maximum reflectance exhibited over wavelengths 380 nm to 450 nm; and Green Min is the minimum reflectance exhibited over wavelengths 450 nm to 600 nm.

Abstract: A method of determining at least one of position and attitude in relation to an object is provided. The method includes capturing at least two images of the object with at least one camera. Each image is captured at a different position in relation to the object. The images are converted to edge images. The edge images of the object are converted into three-dimensional edge images of the object using positions of where the at least two images were captured. Overlap edge pixels in the at least two three-dimensional edge images are located to identify overlap points. A three dimensional edge candidate point image of the identified overlapped points in an evidence grid is built. The three dimensional candidate edge image in the evidence grid is compared with a model of the object to determine at least one of a then current position and attitude in relation to the object.

Abstract: A method for compressing three-dimensional data points is disclosed. The method includes measuring a plurality of three-dimensional data points using one or more sensors communicatively coupled to the computing device, where each three-dimensional data point represents a point in a three-dimensional environment. The method also includes dividing the three-dimensional environment into a plurality of spatial cubes, wherein each three-dimensional data point is mapped to one spatial cube. The method also includes, for each spatial cube, converting the three-dimensional data points in the respective spatial cube to a two-dimensional plane based on a number of three-dimensional data points in the respective spatial cube. The method also includes, for each two-dimensional plane, determining polygon vertices of a planar polygon at points where an edge of an associated spatial cube intersects the respective two-dimensional plane.

Abstract: A method for compressing three-dimensional data points is disclosed. The method includes measuring a plurality of three-dimensional data points using one or more sensors communicatively coupled to the computing device, where each three-dimensional data point represents a point in a three-dimensional environment. The method also includes dividing the three-dimensional environment into a plurality of spatial cubes, wherein each three-dimensional data point is mapped to one spatial cube. The method also includes, for each spatial cube, converting the three-dimensional data points in the respective spatial cube to a two-dimensional plane based on a number of three-dimensional data points in the respective spatial cube. The method also includes, for each two-dimensional plane, determining polygon vertices of a planar polygon at points where an edge of an associated spatial cube intersects the respective two-dimensional plane.

Abstract: A system and methods for reducing map search area requirements in a navigation system are disclosed. The system includes a vehicle, an imaging device onboard the vehicle configured to generate an image scan, receive at least one image responsive to the image scan, and a processing device configured to receive and store the at least one image. The system further includes a navigation system onboard the vehicle configured to store an image of a map, and a learning network associated with the navigation system and configured to divide the image of the map into a plurality of map subsections, recognize each one of a plurality of images of different landmarks on the map, generate a set of classifications for each map subsection, and associate each classification of the set of classifications with at least one landmark of the different landmarks on the map.

Abstract: Described herein are methods of inhibiting or reversing the progression of cataract formation or presbyopia in an eye by administering a ?-crystallin charge masking agent. Both presbyopia and cataracts are caused by aggregation of the soluble crystalline lens proteins called the crystallins.

Abstract: A method of generating a map for image aided navigation comprises detecting one or more edges in one or more terrain images, and obtaining a compressed edge representation of the one or more edges. The compressed edge representation is obtained by a method comprising fitting a geometric form or other mathematical model to the one or more edges, calculating one or more coefficients based on the fitted geometric form or other mathematical model, and storing the one or more coefficients in a database for use in generating the map for image aided navigation.

Abstract: A method of determining at least one of position and attitude in relation to an object is provided. The method includes capturing at least two images of the object with at least one camera. Each image is captured at a different position in relation to the object. The images are converted to edge images. The edge images of the object are converted into three-dimensional edge images of the object using positions of where the at least two images were captured. Overlap edge pixels in the at least two three-dimensional edge images are located to identify overlap points. A three dimensional edge candidate point image of the identified overlapped points in an evidence grid is built. The three dimensional candidate edge image in the evidence grid is compared with a model of the object to determine at least one of a then current position and attitude in relation to the object.

Abstract: A method of generating a map for image aided navigation comprises detecting one or more edges in one or more terrain images, and obtaining a compressed edge representation of the one or more edges. The compressed edge representation is obtained by a method comprising fitting a geometric form or other mathematical model to the one or more edges, calculating one or more coefficients based on the fitted geometric form or other mathematical model, and storing the one or more coefficients in a database for use in generating the map for image aided navigation.

Abstract: An effect pigment includes a substrate; an outer layer disposed above the substrate; and particles disposed above the substrate and at least partially entrapped by the outer layer, the particles comprising quantum dots.

Abstract: Described herein are methods of inhibiting or reversing the progression of cataract formation or presbyopia in an eye by administering a ?-crystallin charge masking agent. Both presbyopia and cataracts are caused by aggregation of the soluble crystalline lens proteins called the crystallins.

Abstract: Described herein are methods of inhibiting or reversing the progression of cataract formation or presbyopia in an eye by administering a ?-crystallin charge masking agent. Both presbyopia and cataracts are caused by aggregation of the soluble crystalline lens proteins called the crystallins.

Abstract: Described herein are methods of inhibiting or reversing the progression of cataract formation or presbyopia in an eye by administering a ?-crystallin charge masking agent. Both presbyopia and cataracts are caused by aggregation of the soluble crystalline lens proteins called the crystallins.