Abstract: Described herein are tough gel compositions that comprise an interpenetrating networks (IPN) hydrogel. The IPN hydrogel comprises a first polymer network (covalently crosslinked) and a second polymer network (ionically crosslinked), at least one therapeutic agent, and a clay material. The tough gel compositions may further include an adhesive polymer layer attached to the IPN hydrogel. Methods of use of these compositions, such as for extended release drug delivery, are also described.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a biodegradable tough adhesive material comprising an interpenetrating networks (IPN) hydrogel comprising a first polymer network and a second polymer network, wherein the first polymer network comprises a first polymer covalently crosslinked with a biodegradable covalent crosslinker and the second polymer network comprises a second polymer crosslinked with ionic or physical crosslinks; a high density primary amine polymer; and a coupling agent. The present invention also provides methods preparing and using the biodegradable tough adhesive material.