Abstract: Glass compositions, which can provide glass that can be formed with a reduced carbon footprint. Some embodiments of the glass can include between about 1.5 mole percent (mol %) alumina (Al2O3) and 5 mol % Al2O3 and between 5 mol % silica (SiO2) and 45 mol % SiO2 and between 35 mol % phosphorus pentoxide (P2O5) and 50 mol % of P2O5. Embodiments can also include modifiers. Embodiments can also include coloration agents or other elements. The glass compositions can be used to make different types of glass articles.

Abstract: Textured glass laminates are described along with methods of making textured glass laminates. The textured glass laminates may be formed via addition of nanoparticles or manipulation of the glass surface. Laminate compositions are designed to take advantage of glass clad and core properties at Tg, annealing point, strain point, and or softening point, along with glass clad and core viscosities. The resulting compositions are useful for anti-reflection surfaces, anti-fingerprint surfaces, anti-fogging surfaces, adhesion-promoting surfaces, friction-reducing surfaces, and the like.

Abstract: Methods for machining glass structures may be performed on fusion-drawn glass laminates having a core layer interposed between a first cladding layer and a second cladding layer. The core layer may be formed from a core glass composition having a core photosensitivity, the first cladding layer may be formed from a glass composition having a photosensitivity different from the core photosensitivity, and the second cladding layer may be formed from a glass composition having a photosensitivity different from the core photosensitivity. At least one of the core layer, the first cladding layer, and the second cladding layer is a photomachinable layer. The methods may include exposing a selected region of a photomachinable layer in the fusion-drawn laminate to ultraviolet radiation; heating the glass structure until the selected region crystallizes; and removing the crystallized material selectively from the photomachinable layer.

Abstract: An apparatus for forming glass tubing is described. The apparatus for forming glass tubing comprises an endless former with an outer surface and an inner passage defining an inner surface. The apparatus for forming glass tubing further comprises two chambers from which molten glass may flow. One chamber flows molten glass to the outer surface of the endless former and another chamber flows molten glass to the inner surface of the endless former. The two flows of molten glass meet at the bottom of the former to form glass tubing.

Abstract: An apparatus for forming glass tubing is described. The apparatus for forming glass tubing comprises an endless former with an outer surface and an inner passage defining an inner surface. The apparatus for forming glass tubing further comprises two chambers from which molten glass may flow. One chamber flows molten glass to the outer surface of the endless former and another chamber flows molten glass to the inner surface of the endless former. The two flows of molten glass meet at the bottom of the former to form glass tubing.

Abstract: An apparatus (10) for forming the outer layers of a glass laminate sheet comprises a reservoir (12), individual first (14a) and second (14b) distributors extending below and in fluid communication with the reservoir, and first (30a) and second (30b) slots positioned respectively at the bottom of the first and second distributors. The slots have a length, the distributors have sides and a middle, and the length of the slots on the sides of the distributors is desirably decreased relative to the length of the slots in the middle of the distributors. The apparatus is useful with a trough or isopipe (100) to provide clad glass streams to contact an overflowing core glass on respective sides of the trough or isopipe.

Abstract: Methods for machining glass structures may be performed on fusion-drawn glass laminates having a core layer interposed between a first cladding layer and a second cladding layer. The core layer may be formed from a core glass composition having a core photosensitivity, the first cladding layer may be formed from a glass composition having a photosensitivity different from the core photosensitivity, and the second cladding layer may be formed from a glass composition having a photosensitivity different from the core photosensitivity. At least one of the core layer, the first cladding layer, and the second cladding layer is a photomachinable layer. The methods may include exposing a selected region of a photomachinable layer in the fusion-drawn laminate to ultraviolet radiation; heating the glass structure until the selected region crystallizes; and removing the crystallized material selectively from the photomachinable layer.

Abstract: Methods for machining glass structures may be performed on fusion-drawn glass laminates having a core layer interposed between a first cladding layer and a second cladding layer. The core layer may be formed from a core glass composition having a core photosensitivity, the first cladding layer may be formed from a glass composition having a photosensitivity different from the core photosensitivity, and the second cladding layer may be formed from a glass composition having a photosensitivity different from the core photosensitivity. At least one of the core layer, the first cladding layer, and the second cladding layer is a photomachinable layer. The methods may include exposing a selected region of a photomachinable layer in the fusion-drawn laminate to ultraviolet radiation; heating the glass structure until the selected region crystallizes; and removing the crystallized material selectively from the photomachinable layer.

Abstract: A crystallized layer can be formed on a substrate from a precursor layer deposited on a surface of the substrate. The precursor layer can be an oxide, a nitride, a carbide, or an oxynitride. The process for forming the crystallized layer includes melting the precursor layer formed on the surface of the substrate by localized topical heating of the precursor layer and then cooling the melted precursor layer so that it crystallized to form a scratch resistant crystallized layer. The scratch resistant crystallized layer can have a hardness of 15 GPa or greater.

Abstract: An apparatus for forming glass tubing is described. The apparatus for forming glass tubing comprises an endless former with an outer surface and an inner passage defining an inner surface. The apparatus for forming glass tubing further comprises two chambers from which molten glass may flow. One chamber flows molten glass to the outer surface of the endless former and another chamber flows molten glass to the inner surface of the endless former. The two flows of molten glass meet at the bottom of the former to form glass tubing.

Abstract: An apparatus (10) for forming the outer layers of a glass laminate sheet comprises a reservoir (12), individual first (14a) and second (14b) distributors extending below and in fluid communication with the reservoir, and first (30a) and second (30b) slots positioned respectively at the bottom of the first and second distributors. The slots have a length, the distributors have sides and a middle, and the length of the slots on the sides of the distributors is desirably decreased relative to the length of the slots in the middle of the distributors. The apparatus is useful with a trough or isopipe (100) to provide clad glass streams to contact an over-flowing core glass on respective sides of the trough or isopipe.

Abstract: Methods for machining glass structures may be performed on fusion-drawn glass laminates having a core layer interposed between a first cladding layer and a second cladding layer. The core layer may be formed from a core glass composition having a core photosensitivity, the first cladding layer may be formed from a glass composition having a photosensitivity different from the core photosensitivity, and the second cladding layer may be formed from a glass composition having a photosensitivity different from the core photosensitivity. At least one of the core layer, the first cladding layer, and the second cladding layer is a photomachinable layer. The methods may include exposing a selected region of a photomachinable layer in the fusion-drawn laminate to ultraviolet radiation; heating the glass structure until the selected region crystallizes; and removing the crystallized material selectively from the photomachinable layer.

Abstract: Methods for machining glass structures may be performed on fusion-drawn glass laminates having a core layer interposed between a first cladding layer and a second cladding layer. The core layer may be formed from a core glass composition having a core photosensitivity, the first cladding layer may be formed from a glass composition having a photosensitivity different from the core photosensitivity, and the second cladding layer may be formed from a glass composition having a photosensitivity different from the core photosensitivity. At least one of the core layer, the first cladding layer, and the second cladding layer is a photomachinable layer. The methods may include exposing a selected region of a photomachinable layer in the fusion-drawn laminate to ultraviolet radiation; heating the glass structure until the selected region crystallizes; and removing the crystallized material selectively from the photomachinable layer.

Abstract: A crystallized layer can be formed on a substrate from a precursor layer deposited on a surface of the substrate. The precursor layer can be an oxide, a nitride, a carbide, or an oxynitride. The process for forming the crystallized layer includes melting the precursor layer formed on the surface of the substrate by localized topical heating of the precursor layer and then cooling the melted precursor layer so that it crystallized to form a scratch resistant crystallized layer. The scratch resistant crystallized layer can have a hardness of 15 GPa or greater.

Abstract: Textured glass laminates are described along with methods of making textured glass laminates. The textured glass laminates may be formed via addition of nanoparticles or manipulation of the glass surface. Laminate compositions are designed to take advantage of glass clad and core properties at Tg, annealing point, strain point, and or softening point, along with glass clad and core viscosities. The resulting compositions are useful for anti-reflection surfaces, anti-fingerprint surfaces, anti-fogging surfaces, adhesion-promoting surfaces, friction-reducing surfaces, and the like.

Abstract: In one embodiment, a pulling roll for drawing glass sheet in a down-draw process includes a shaft member and a compliant cover assembly positioned on the shaft member. The compliant cover assembly includes at least one traction disk positioned on the shaft member. The at least one traction disk includes an annular hub and a plurality of spring elements integrally formed with the annular hub. The spring elements project outward from the annular hub such that an end of each spring element is positioned radially outward from a base of each spring element and is circumferentially offset relative to the base of each spring element.

Abstract: Pulling rolls for used in forming glass ribbons with reduced defects and cracking are disclosed. In one embodiment, the pulling roll may include a shaft member and a roll assembly. The roll assembly may be positioned on the shaft member for rotation with the shaft member. The roll assembly may include an axially compressed stack of ring elements formed from an inorganic material such as mica paper. The mica paper may include layers of overlapping mica platelets oriented substantially in parallel with one another. A contact surface of the roll assembly may have a Shore D hardness greater than or equal to about 10 and less than or equal to about 60.

Abstract: Methods for machining glass structures may be performed on fusion-drawn glass laminates having a core layer interposed between a first cladding layer and a second cladding layer. The core layer may be formed from a core glass composition having a core photosensitivity, the first cladding layer may be formed from a glass composition having a photosensitivity different from the core photosensitivity, and the second cladding layer may be formed from a glass composition having a photosensitivity different from the core photosensitivity. At least one of the core layer, the first cladding layer, and the second cladding layer is a photomachinable layer. The methods may include exposing a selected region of a photomachinable layer in the fusion-drawn laminate to ultraviolet radiation; heating the glass structure until the selected region crystallizes; and removing the crystallized material selectively from the photomachinable layer.

Abstract: A method of treating a sheet of semiconducting material comprises forming a sinterable first layer over each major surface of a sheet of semiconducting material, forming a second layer over each of the first layers to form a particle-coated semiconductor sheet, placing the particle-coated sheet between end members, heating the particle-coated sheet to a temperature effective to at least partially sinter the first layer and at least partially melt the semiconducting material, and cooling the particle-coated sheet to solidify the semiconducting material and form a treated sheet of semiconducting material.

Abstract: In one embodiment, a pulling roll for drawing glass sheet in a down-draw process includes a shaft member and a compliant cover assembly positioned on the shaft member. The compliant cover assembly includes at least one traction disk positioned on the shaft member. The at least one traction disk includes an annular hub and a plurality of spring elements integrally formed with the annular hub. The spring elements project outward from the annular hub such that an end of each spring element is positioned radially outward from a base of each spring element and is circumferentially offset relative to the base of each spring element.