Abstract: A method of treating snoring among two users includes determining that snoring by at least one of the users is occurring, and responsive thereto, either: (a) determining that only one of the at least two users is snoring and responsive thereto generating a signal to produce an anti-snoring motion in an active pillow associated with the one user and generating another signal to produce a distracting motion in another active pillow associated with the other user; or (b) determining that both of the users are snoring and responsive thereto generating signals to produce anti-snoring motions in each of the active pillows.

Abstract: A method of treating snoring among two users is provided. The method comprises determining that snoring by at least one of the users is occurring, and responsive thereto, either: (a) determining that only one of the at least two users is snoring and responsive thereto generating a signal to produce an anti-snoring motion in an active pillow associated with the one user and generating another signal to produce a distracting motion in another active pillow associated with the other user; or (b) determining that both of the users are snoring and responsive thereto generating signals to produce anti-snoring motions in each of the active pillows.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a write-once optical record carrier for high speed recording, in particular to a DVD+R disc. Such a record carrier comprises in general at least a substrate layer (3), a recording layer (2) of an organic dye material on top of the substrate layer (3) and a metal reflective layer (1) on top of the recording layer (2). In order to obtain a less steep temperature gradient at the interface between the recording layer (2) and the reflective layer (1) and thus to prevent mechanical stress leading to a delamination problem it is proposed to reduce the thickness of the metal reflective layer (1) to a range below 75 nm. A dielectric layer of a thickness below 50 nm between the recording layer (2) and the metal reflective layer (1) is also enclosed.

Abstract: Recording devices and methods are provided for recording marks on an information layer of a record carrier using a 2T write strategy, which enable recordation of marks on the information layer when no write parameter settings specifically tuned for the record carrier are available for use in the 2T write strategy.

Abstract: A method of optimizing the write power for recording marks in an information layer of a record carrier by irradiating the information layer with a (pulsed) radiation beam. The method includes recording a pattern of test marks including short marks having a predetermined short nominal runlength onto the record carrier by applying at least three different write powers; measuring the runlengths of the recorded short marks obtained by applying the at least three different write powers; and determining an optimum write power based of the deviations of the measured runlengths from the nominal runlength of said short marks.

Abstract: A multilayer record carrier of a writable type has a first recording layer (40) having a first recording stack (50,51) of a first type and a second recording layer (41) having a second recording stack (54,55) of a second type. The first and second recording stacks have different writing parameters. Each recording layer has a pre-formed recording control pattern that is readable via a laser beam for indicating the track. At least one recording control pattern comprises a recording stack type indicator for indicating the writing parameters of the second recording stack. A recording device has a control unit (20) for adjusting recording parameters in the device in dependence of the recording stack type indicator retrieved from the recording control pattern.

Abstract: A method of optimizing the write power for recording marks in an information layer of a record carrier by irradiating the information layer with a (pulsed) radiation beam. The method includes recording a pattern of test marks including short marks having a predetermined short nominal runlength onto the record carrier by applying at least three different write powers; measuring the runlengths of the recorded short marks obtained by applying the at least three different write powers; and determining an optimum write power based of the deviations of the measured runlengths from the nominal runlength of said short marks.

Abstract: A dual-stack recordable optical data storage medium wherein a focused radiation beam having a wavelength ? enters through an entrance face of the medium during recording. The medium includes a substrate, a first recording stack L0, including a recording layer, the first recording stack L0 having an optical reflection value RL0 and an optical absorption value AL0 at the wavelength ?, and a second recording stack L1 including a recording layer, the second recording stack L1 having an optical reflection value RL1 and an optical absorption value AL1 at the wavelength ?, and a transparent spacer layer between the recording stacks. The second stack is closer to the entrance face than the first stack. By fulfilling the formula AL1?1?Rmin??(Rmin/RL0), where Rmin is the minimum effective optical reflection value for each recording stack, full compatibility is achieved with a read only version of the medium.

Abstract: A dual-stack optical data storage medium for write-once recording using a focused radiation beam entering through an entrance face of the medium is described. The medium includes at least one substrate with present on a side thereof a first recording stack L0 having a write-once type L0 recording layer with an absorption kL0 and a second recording stack L1 including a write-once type L1 recording layer with an absorption kL1. The first recording stack L0 has an optical reflection value RL0 and an optical transmission value TL0 and the second recording stack has an optical reflection value RL1. The first recording stack is present at a position closer to the entrance face than the second recording stacks When the following conditions are fulfilled: 0.45 ?TL0?0.75 and 0.40 ?RL1?0.80 and kL0<0.3 and kL1<0.3 a dual stack write-once medium is achieved which can be played in a standard DVD-ROM player.

Abstract: A method of recording information stores lead-out information on a multilayer record carrier of an opposite track path type. A two part recording area across two layers is logically interrupted by an intermediate zone. The recording area is preceded by a lead-in zone located at the start of the first recording layer and followed by a lead-out zone located at the end of the second recording layer. An outer lead-out part and an inner lead-out part are recorded separated by an unrecorded area and together constituting the lead-out information on the second recording layer. The inner lead-out part covers a predefined radial position range corresponding to a range of radial positions used by reading devices for accessing the second recording layer during a disc loading procedure. The outer lead-out part is recorded at the end of an area of the second recording layer containing user information.

Abstract: The invention relates to methods and devices for forming marks and lands by applying a radiation beam (32) to a recording surface (301) of an optical record carrier (30). Recording strategies are proposed for recording information at high recording speeds. An intermediate power level (P1, P2) is introduced in between the bottom power level (P0) and the write power level (Pw), its value being dependent on the length of the preceding land (151, 152, 153). A raised write power level (PR1, PR2) is also proposed, its value being dependent on the length of the mark to be recorded (241, 242, 243).

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method of optimizing the write power for recording marks in an information layer of a record carrier by irradiating the information layer with a (pulsed) radiation beam, said information layer having a phase that is reversibly changeable between a first (for example a crystal) phase and a second (for example an amorphous) phase. Since the methods known for 1 T write strategies generally cannot be used for nT write strategies, n being an integer greater than 1, a new method is proposed comprising the steps of: recording (S 1) a pattern of test marks including short marks having a predetermined short nominal runlength onto the record carrier by applying at least three different write powers, measuring (S2) the runlengths of said recorded short marks obtained by applying the at least three different write powers, and determining (S4) an optimum write power on the basis of the deviations of the measured runlengths from the nominal runlength of said short marks.

Abstract: A dual-stack optical data storage medium (10) for write-once recording using a focused radiation beam (9) having a wavelength ? of approximately 655 nm is described. The radiation beam enters through an entrance face (8) of the medium (10) during recording. The medium comprises at least one substrate (1, 7) with present on a side thereof: a first recording stack (6), named L0, comprising a write-once type L0 recording layer, said first recording stack L0 having an optical reflection value RL0 and an optical transmission value TL0, a second recording stack (3), named L1, comprising a write-once type L1 recording layer, said second recording stack L1 having an effective optical reflection value RL1eff. The first recording stack (6) is present at a position closer to the entrance face (8) than the second recording stack. (3). A transparent spacer layer (4) is sandwiched between the recording stacks (3, 6). The reflection values RL0 and RL1eff are within the following ranges: 0.12?RL0?0.18 and 0.12?RL1eff?0.

Abstract: An optical data storage medium (20) for recording by means of a focused radiation beam (29) is described. The radiation beam having a wavelength ? enters through an entrance face (28) of the medium during recording. The medium has a substrate (21) with a surface (24) including a guide groove with a depth g. An inverted stack of layers is present on the substrate (21) including a reflective layer (24a) with a complex refractive index ñM?=nM??i*kM?, in substantial conformity with the surface (24) of the substrate, a transparent layer (22) through which the radiation beam (29) is incident with a complex refractive index ñT?=nT??i*kT? and a recording layer (25) of a material having a complex refractive index ñR?=nR??i*kR? and having a thickness dRG in the groove portion and a thickness dRL in the portion between grooves. The recording layer is interposed between the reflective layer (24a) and the transparent layer (22). When 0.25/(3.0+kM?2)+0.17<g*nT/?<0.22/(3.0+kM?2)+0.45 and 0.2<(dRG?dRL)/g<0.

Abstract: An optical record carrier recording method forms pits and lands by directing a radiation beam (12) onto a recording surface (21) of an optical record carrier (20). The radiation beam for each pit to be recorded is set to at least one write power level (Pw) capable of forming a pit during a write power irradiation period (31) and, for each land between the pits, to at least one bottom power level (P0) incapable of forming a pit during a bottom power irradiation period (51).

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method and a corresponding device for transforming a first set of write parameters (W) of a write strategy, in particular a 2T write strategy, for recording marks in an information layer (301) of a record carrier (30) by irradiating the information layer (301) with a pulsed radiation beam (32) at a first recording speed (R) into a second set of write parameters (W?) of said write strategy for recording marks at a second recording speed (R?), T representing the length of one period of a reference clock. In order to achieve an at least acceptable recording performance at the second recording speed, it is proposed according to the present invention that the duration of the write pulses is kept substantially constant in time, and the duration of a complete sequence of write pulses for recording a mark is kept substantially constant as a fraction of the reference clock T.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a write-once optical record carrier for high speed recording, in particular to a DVD+R disc. Such a record carrier comprises in general at least a substrate layer (3), a recording layer (2) of an organic dye material on top of the substrate layer (3) and a metal reflective layer (1) on top of the recording layer (2). In order to obtain a less steep temperature gradient at the interface between the recording layer (2) and the reflective layer (1) and thus to prevent mechanical stress leading to a delamination problem it is proposed to reduce the thickness of the metal reflective layer (1) to a range below 75 nm. A dielectric layer of a thickness below 50 nm between the recording layer (2) and the metal reflective layer (1) is also enclosed.

Abstract: A method of recording information stores lead-out information on a multilayer record carrier of an opposite track path type. A two part recording area (54,61) across two layers is logically interrupted by an intermediate zone (55,56). According to a standardized recording format like DVD the recording area is preceded by a lead-in zone (53) located at the start of the first recording layer and followed by a lead-out zone (64) located at the end of the second recording layer. An outer lead-out part (62) and an inner lead-out part (63) are recorded separated by an unrecorded area (65) and together constituting the lead-out information on the second recording layer. The inner lead-out part covers a predefined radial position range corresponding to a range of radial positions used by reading devices for accessing the second recording layer during a disc loading procedure. The outer lead-out part is recorded at the end of an area of the second recording layer containing user information.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an optical record carrier recording apparatus and method for recording data on a phase-change optical record carrier (55) storing a state information about the location of crystalline and non-crystalline areas of the record carrier (55). In order to provide the possibility to write with different writing speeds on the record carrier, writing means (54) for recording data on the record carrier (55) can be switched between different writing modes. The first writing mode is used if the recording apparatus (5) is in a high power mode, e.g. supplied with power from a mains power supply and if a crystalline (unwritten) area is available on the record carrier (55). If no crystalline area is available or if the recording apparatus (5) is in a low power mode, the second writing mode having a lower writing speed is preferably used.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method of recording marks in an information layer of a record carrier in which method a 2T write strategy is used. The invention further relates to a recording device capable of carrying out the method. This inventions provides a solution to the problem of how to record marks on then information layer when no write parameter settings specifically tuned for the record carrier to be recorded are available for use in the 2T write strategy.