Abstract: It is disclosed a system and process for starting up an electrolytic cell. The system and process are particularly adapted for preheating an electrolytic cell or pot having cathodes before installing preheated anodes in the cell, for the production of a metal (e.g. aluminum). The system comprises one or more electrical heaters installed in the cell in place of the anode assemblies and can be used with a dry bath or a liquid melted bath (e.g. cryolite). The cell is preferably preheated by as many cell preheaters as there are anode assemblies. The cell preheater is preferably powered by current available in the pot's busbar. The invention is environmentally friendly as being preferably adapted for preheating a cell working with inert or oxygen-evolving anodes. Furthermore, the starting up process allows optimizing/reducing the time necessary for starting up the electrolytic cell, while securing the materials located inside the cell.

Abstract: An apparatus, also named transfer box or TB, for conveying an anode assembly outside of an electrolyte cell is described. An apparatus, also named cell preheater lifting beam or CPLB, for conveying an anode assembly or a cell pre-heater outside of an electrolyte cell is also disclosed. TB and CPLB are conjointly used for starting up the electrolytic cell or for replacing a spent anode assembly while maintaining the production of non-ferrous metal, such as aluminum or aluminium. The thermal insulation of the TB allows maintaining the anode temperature homogeneity and preventing thermal shocks when introducing the inert anodes into the hot electrolytic bath. TN and CPLB allow accurate positioning of anode assemblies or cell-preheaters over the electrolysis cell before achieving mechanical and electrical connections of the anode assembly or the cell pre-heater to the electrolysis cell. Several related methods for the operation of an electrolytic cell are also disclosed.

Abstract: An apparatus, also named transfer box or TB, for conveying an anode assembly outside of an electrolyte cell is described. An apparatus, also named cell preheater lifting beam or CPLB, for conveying an anode assembly or a cell pre-heater outside of an electrolyte cell is also disclosed. TB and CPLB are conjointly used for starting up the electrolytic cell or for replacing a spent anode assembly while maintaining the production of non-ferrous metal, such as aluminum or aluminium. The thermal insulation of the TB allows maintaining the anode temperature homogeneity and preventing thermal shocks when introducing the inert anodes into the hot electrolytic bath. TN and CPLB allow accurate positioning of anode assemblies or cell-preheaters over the electrolysis cell before achieving mechanical and electrical connections of the anode assembly or the cell pre-heater to the electrolysis cell. Several related methods for the operation of an electrolytic cell are also disclosed.

Abstract: This cell (1) comprises a pot shell (2) having two longitudinal sides (18) which are symmetrical in relation to a longitudinal median plane (P) of the electrolytic cell (1), an anode assembly which can only move in vertical translation with respect to the pot shell (2), the anode assembly comprising an anode block (100) and a transverse anode support (200) extending at right angles to the longitudinal sides (18) of the pot shell (2), from which support the anode block (100) is suspended. The anode support (200) comprises two connecting portions (202) from which electrolysis current is supplied to the anode support (200), and the cell (1) comprises electrical connection conductors (20) electrically connected to the two connecting portions (202) of the anode support (200), the two connecting portions (202) being located on either side of the plane (P).

Abstract: A cell includes a pot shell defining an opening through which an anode block is designed to be moved, said anode block being suspended from an anode support forming with said anode block an anode assembly mobile in relation to the pot shell, and a confinement chamber defining a closed volume above said opening for the containment of the gases generated during the production of aluminum, the anode support being connected to an electrical conductor to supply an electrolysis current to the anode block, the anode assembly is fully contained in the confinement chamber, and in that the electrical connection between the mobile electrical conductor and the anode support is made within the confinement chamber.

Abstract: This aluminum smelter comprises a line of electrolytic cells arranged transversely to the line, one of the cells comprising anode assemblies and electrical conductors mounted and connecting the anode assemblies. Rising and connecting conductors extend upwardly along two opposite longitudinal edges of the cell. In addition, the aluminum smelter comprises a first electrical compensating circuit extending under the cell and which can be traversed by a first compensating current in the opposite direction to that of the electrolysis current, a second electrical compensating circuit extending on one side of the line that can be traversed by a second compensating current in the same direction as the electrolysis current.

Abstract: This aluminum smelter comprises a row of cells (50) arranged transversely in relation to the length of the row, the cells (50) individually comprising an anode (52), rising and connecting electrical conductors (54) running upwards along the two opposite longitudinal edges of the cell (50) to route the electrolysis current towards the anode (52), and a cathode (56) through which pass cathode conductors (55) connected to cathode outputs connected to linking conductors to route the electrolysis current to the rising and connecting electrical conductors of the next cell (50). Furthermore the aluminum smelter comprises a compensating electrical circuit separate from the electrical circuit through which the electrolysis current flows, running beneath the cells (50), through which a compensating current may flow beneath the cells (50) in a direction opposite to the overall direction of flow of the electrolysis current.

Abstract: This aluminum smelter comprises a line of electrolytic cells arranged transversely to the line, one of the cells comprising anode assemblies and electrical conductors mounted and connecting the anode assemblies. Rising and connecting conductors extend upwardly along two opposite longitudinal edges of the cell. In addition, the aluminum smelter comprises a first electrical compensating circuit extending under the cell and which can be traversed by a first compensating current in the opposite direction to that of the electrolysis current, a second electrical compensating circuit extending on one side of the line that can be traversed by a second compensating current in the same direction as the electrolysis current.

Abstract: An aluminum smelter comprising: (i) a series of electrolytic cells, designed for the production of aluminum, forming one or more rows, (ii) a supply station designed to supply the series of electrolytic cells with an electrolysis current, the said electricity supply station comprising two poles, (iii) a main electrical circuit through which the electrolysis current flows, having two extremities each connected to one of the poles of the supply station, (iv) at least one secondary electrical circuit comprising an electrical conductor made of superconducting material through which a current flows, running along the row or rows of electrolytic cells, characterized in that the electrical conductor made of superconducting material in the secondary electrical circuit runs along the row or rows of electrolytic cells at least twice in such a way as to make several turns in series.

Abstract: This cell (1) comprises a pot shell (2) defining an opening through which an anode block (10) is designed to be moved, said anode block (10) being suspended from an anode support (8) forming with said anode block an anode assembly mobile in relation to the pot shell (2), and a confinement chamber (22) defining a closed volume above said opening for the containment of the gases generated during the production of aluminum, the anode support (8) being connected to an electrical conductor (26) to supply an electrolysis current to the anode block (10), the anode assembly is fully contained in the confinement chamber (22), and in that the electrical connection between the mobile electrical conductor (26) and the anode support (8) is made within the confinement chamber (22).

Abstract: This aluminum smelter comprises a row of cells (50) arranged transversely in relation to the length of the row, the cells (50) individually comprising an anode (52), rising and connecting electrical conductors (54) running upwards along the two opposite longitudinal edges of the cell (50) to route the electrolysis current towards the anode (52), and a cathode (56) through which pass cathode conductors (55) connected to cathode outputs connected to linking conductors to route the electrolysis current to the rising and connecting electrical conductors of the next cell (50). Furthermore the aluminum smelter comprises a compensating electrical circuit separate from the electrical circuit through which the electrolysis current flows, running beneath the cells (50), through which a compensating current may flow beneath the cells (50) in a direction opposite to the overall direction of flow of the electrolysis current.

Abstract: This cell (1) comprises a pot shell (2) having two longitudinal sides (18) which are symmetrical in relation to a longitudinal median plane (P) of the electrolytic cell (1), an anode assembly which can only move in vertical translation with respect to the pot shell (2), the anode assembly comprising an anode block (100) and a transverse anode support (200) extending at right angles to the longitudinal sides (18) of the pot shell (2), from which support the anode block (100) is suspended. The anode support (200) comprises two connecting portions (202) from which electrolysis current is supplied to the anode support (200), and the cell (1) comprises electrical connection conductors (20) electrically connected to the two connecting portions (202) of the anode support (200), the two connecting portions (202) being located on either side of the plane (P).

Abstract: An aluminum smelter comprising: (i) a series of electrolytic cells, designed for the production of aluminum, forming one or more rows, (ii) a supply station designed to supply the series of electrolytic cells with an electrolysis current, the said electricity supply station comprising two poles, (iii) a main electrical circuit through which the electrolysis current flows, having two extremities each connected to one of the poles of the supply station, (iv) at least one electrical conductor made of superconducting material, characterized in that the electrical conductor made of superconducting material is placed wholly or partly within an enclosure forming a magnetic shield.

Abstract: Aluminum smelter comprising: (i) a series of electrolytic cells, comprising an anode, a cathode and a pot shell equipped with a side wall and a bottom, each cathode including at least one cathode output, (ii) a main electric circuit through which an electrolysis current passes, including an electrical conductor connected to each cathode output of a cell N, and to the anode of a cell N+1, and (iii) a means to stabilize the electrolytic cells. At least one of the cathode outputs of the cathode of N passes through the bottom of the pot shell, and during the operation of N and N+1, the electrolysis current passes, in an upstream-downstream direction only, through each electrical conductor extending from each cathode output of N in the direction of N+1.

Abstract: An aluminum smelter comprising: (i) a series of electrolytic cells, designed for the production of aluminum, forming one or more rows, (ii) a supply station designed to supply the series of electrolytic cells with an electrolysis current, the said electricity supply station comprising two poles, (iii) a main electrical circuit through which the electrolysis current flows, having two extremities each connected to one of the poles of the supply station, (iv) at least one secondary electrical circuit comprising an electrical conductor made of superconducting material through which a current flows, running along the row or rows of electrolytic cells, characterized in that the electrical conductor made of superconducting material in the secondary electrical circuit runs along the row or rows of electrolytic cells at least twice in such a way as to make several turns in series.