Abstract: A material includes a transparent substrate coated with a stack of thin layers including at least one silver-based functional layer, wherein the stack includes a protective coating deposited on top of at least one portion of the functional layer, the protective coating including: a lower protective layer having a thickness of between 1 and 10 nm, a central protective layer based on carbon graphite located on top of the lower protective layer, and an upper protective layer having a thickness of between 1 and 10 nm located on top of the central protective layer.

Abstract: A material includes a transparent substrate coated with a stack of thin layers successively including, starting from the substrate, an alternation of three silver-based functional metallic layers and of four dielectric coatings, referred to, starting from the substrate, as M1, M2, M3 and M4, wherein the thickness of the first functional layer is less than the thickness of the second functional layer and less than the thickness of the third functional layer, the dielectric coatings M1 and M2 each have an optical thickness Eo1 and Eo2 satisfying the following equation: Eo2<1.1 Eo1.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing a metal component using lost-wax casting is provided. The component is made of, for example, nickel alloy, with a columnar or monocrystalline structure with at least one cavity of elongate shape. The method includes creating a wax model of the component with a ceramic core corresponding to the cavity, creating a shell mold around the model, placing the mold in a furnace, with the base standing on the sole of the furnace, pouring molten alloy into the shell mold, solidifying the poured metal by gradual cooling from the sole in a direction of propagation.

Abstract: A colored mirror includes a transparent substrate, a reflective metal layer and at least one interface layer between the substrate and the metal layer, wherein the interface layer includes at least one discontinuous metal layer, and at least one overlayer of a dielectric material deposited on the discontinuous layer. The discontinuous metal layer allows the adaptation of the color reflected by the mirror. The nominal thickness thereof and the type of material, as well as the nature and thickness of the dielectric overlayer, play a role in obtaining the color of the mirror.

Abstract: A substrate is coated on one face with a thin-films stack having reflection properties in the infrared and/or in solar radiation including a single metallic functional layer, based on silver or on a metal alloy containing silver, and two antireflection coatings. The coatings each include at least one dielectric layer. The functional layer is positioned between the two antireflection coatings. At least one of the antireflection coatings includes an intermediate layer including zinc oxide Zn1O1+x with 0.05<x<0.3 and having a physical thickness of between 0.5 nm and 20 nm, or between 2.5 nm and 10 nm.

Abstract: A method for controlling at least two three-phase power converters with asynchronous pulse-width modulation. The method further comprises the following steps: for each phase of each converter, the characteristics of the signals used to generate the modulating signal and carrier signal of each control signal of each phase of each converter are determined, for each converter, a phase shift is inserted between the carrier signals used to generate the phase control signals of the converter, for each phase, a phase shift is inserted between the carrier signals used to generate the control signals of the converters, for each phase of each converter, a pulse-width modulation control signal by intersection is determined resulting from the intersection of a modulating signal and a carrier signal, and the control signals are transmitted to the converters.

Abstract: A substrate is coated on one face with a thin-film multilayer including at least one metal functional film based on silver or made of silver having a thickness e of between 7 nm and 20 nm inclusive of these values, and two antireflection coatings. The antireflection coatings each include at least one antireflection film. The functional film is placed between the two antireflection coatings. The multilayer includes two discontinuous metal films each having a thickness e? of between 0.5 nm and 5 nm inclusive of these values. A lower discontinuous metal film is located between the face and the only or first metal functional film as counted starting from the face and an upper discontinuous metal film located above the only or last metal functional film as counted starting from the face.

Abstract: A substrate is coated on one face with a thin-film multilayer including at least one functional metal film based on silver or made of silver having a thickness e of between 7 nm and 20 nm inclusive of these values, and two antireflection coatings each including at least one antireflection film. The functional film is placed between the two antireflection coatings. The multilayer includes a lower discontinuous metal film having a thickness e? of between 0.5 nm and 5 nm inclusive of these values. The lower discontinuous metal film is located between the face and the only or first functional metal film as counted starting from the face.

Abstract: A material includes a transparent substrate coated with a stack of thin layers successively including, starting from the substrate, an alternation of three silver-based functional metallic layers and of four dielectric coatings, referred to, starting from the substrate, as M1, M2, M3 and M4, wherein the thickness of the first functional layer is less than the thickness of the second functional layer and less than the thickness of the third functional layer, the dielectric coatings M1 and M2 each have an optical thickness Eo1 and Eo2 satisfying the following equation: Eo2 <1.1Eo1.

Abstract: An substrate is coated on one face with a stack of thin layers including at least one metallic functional layer. The stack includes a terminal layer that is the layer of the stack furthest from the face, which comprises at least one metal M2 that is a reducing agent in an oxide/metal pair exhibiting an oxidation/reduction potential ?2 and the terminal layer is in the metallic state. The stack also includes a preterminal layer that is the layer of the stack located immediately under and in contact with the terminal layer in the direction of the face, which comprises at least one metal M1 that is an oxidizing agent in an oxide/metal pair exhibiting an oxidation/reduction potential ?1 and the preterminal layer is in the at least partially oxidized state. The oxdiation/reduction potential ?1 is greater than the oxidation/reduction potential ?2.

Abstract: A method for controlling at least two three-phase power converters with asynchronous pulse-width modulation. The method further comprises the following steps: for each phase of each converter, the characteristics of the signals used to generate the modulating signal and carrier signal of each control signal of each phase of each converter are determined, for each converter, a phase shift is inserted between the carrier signals used to generate the phase control signals of the converter, for each phase, a phase shift is inserted between the carrier signals used to generate the control signals of the converters, for each phase of each converter, a pulse-width modulation control signal by intersection is determined resulting from the intersection of a modulating signal and a carrier signal, and the control signals are transmitted to the converters.

Abstract: A material includes a transparent substrate coated with a stack of thin layers including at least one silver-based functional layer, wherein the stack includes a protective coating deposited on top of at least one portion of the functional layer, the protective coating including: a lower protective layer having a thickness of between 1 and 10 nm, a central protective layer based on carbon graphite located on top of the lower protective layer, and an upper protective layer having a thickness of between 1 and 10 nm located on top of the central protective layer.

Abstract: A transparent substrate includes a stack of thin layers successively including, starting from the substrate, an alternation of three metallic functional layers, in particular of functional layers based on silver or on silver-comprising metal alloy, and of four antireflective coatings, each antireflective coating including at least one dielectric layer, so that each metallic functional layer is positioned between two antireflective coatings, wherein: the thicknesses of the metallic functional layers, starting from the substrate, increase as a function of the distance from the substrate, the second metallic functional layer is directly in contact with a blocking layer, referred to as second blocking layer, chosen from a blocking underlayer and a blocking overlayer, respectively referred to as second blocking underlayer and second blocking overlayer, the second blocking underlayer and/or the second blocking overlayer exhibits a thickness of greater than 1 nm.

Abstract: The invention relates to a substrate (30) coated on one face (31) with a multilayer of thin films (34) comprising at least one metal functional layer (140) based on silver or made of silver and two antireflective coatings (120, 160), the said antireflective coatings each comprising at least one antireflective layer (124, 164), the said functional layer (140) being disposed between the two antireflective coatings (120, 160), characterized in that the said metal functional layer (140) is a discontinuous layer having a surface area occupation factor in the range between 50% and 98%, or even between 53% and 83%.

Abstract: A foundry method of casting monocrystalline metal parts, the method including at least casting a molten alloy into a cavity of a mold through at least one casting channel in the mold, subjecting the alloy to heat treatment, and removing the mold, and wherein the heat treatment is performed before an end of mold removal.

Abstract: A substrate is coated on one face with a thin-films stack having reflection properties in the infrared and/or in solar radiation including a single metallic functional layer, based on silver or on a metal alloy containing silver, and two antireflection coatings. The coatings each include at least one dielectric layer. The functional layer is positioned between the two antireflection coatings. At least one of the antireflection coatings includes an intermediate layer including zinc oxide Zn1O1+x with 0.05<x<0.3 and having a physical thickness of between 0.5 nm and 20 nm, or between 2.5 nm and 10 nm.

Abstract: A substrate is coated on one face with a thin-film multilayer including at least one functional metal film based on silver or made of silver having a thickness e of between 7 nm and 20 nm inclusive of these values, and two antireflection coatings each including at least one antireflection film. The functional film is placed between the two antireflection coatings. The multilayer includes a lower discontinuous metal film having a thickness e? of between 0.5 nm and 5 nm inclusive of these values. The lower discontinuous metal film is located between the face and the only or first functional metal film as counted starting from the face.

Abstract: A colored mirror includes a transparent substrate, a reflective metal layer and at least one interface layer between the substrate and the metal layer, wherein the interface layer includes at least one discontinuous metal layer, and at least one overlayer of a dielectric material deposited on the discontinuous layer. The discontinuous metal layer allows the adaptation of the color reflected by the mirror. The nominal thickness thereof and the type of material, as well as the nature and thickness of the dielectric overlayer, play a role in obtaining the color of the mirror.

Abstract: A substrate is coated on one face with a thin-film multilayer including at least one metal functional film based on silver or made of silver having a thickness e of between 7 nm and 20 nm inclusive of these values, and two antireflection coatings. The antireflection coatings each include at least one antireflection film. The functional film is placed between the two antireflection coatings. The multilayer includes two discontinuous metal films each having a thickness e? of between 0.5 nm and 5 nm inclusive of these values. A lower discontinuous metal film is located between the face and the only or first metal functional film as counted starting from the face and an upper discontinuous metal film located above the only or last metal functional film as counted starting from the face.

Abstract: A transparent substrate includes a stack of thin layers successively including, starting from the substrate, an alternation of three metallic functional layers, in particular of functional layers based on silver or on silver-comprising metal alloy, and of four antireflective coatings, each antireflective coating including at least one dielectric layer, so that each metallic functional layer is positioned between two antireflective coatings, wherein: the thicknesses of the metallic functional layers, starting from the substrate, increase as a function of the distance from the substrate, the second metallic functional layer is directly in contact with a blocking layer, referred to as second blocking layer, chosen from a blocking underlayer and a blocking overlayer, respectively referred to as second blocking underlayer and second blocking overlayer, the second blocking underlayer and/or the second blocking overlayer exhibits a thickness of greater than 1 nm.