Abstract: Methods and apparatus are described. A wireless transmit/receive unit (WTRU) includes a transceiver and a processor. The transceiver and the processor receive a master information block (MIB) on a physical broadcast channel (PBCH), wherein the MIB includes an indication of control channel element (CCE) resources, transmit uplink data on a physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH, and receive at least one CCE in the indicated CCE resources. The at least one CCE includes multiple bits, each of which indicates whether a respective block of data is required to be retransmitted. At least the multiple bits are channel coded and have a cyclic redundancy check (CRC) attached.

Abstract: The disclosure pertains to methods and apparatus for transmitting uplink data to a wireless network asynchronously comprising generating data for transmission to the network on an uplink shared channel (UL-SCH) transport channel, selecting between transmitting the data to the network orthogonally or non-orthogonally, and transmitting the data on the selected physical channel.

Abstract: A wireless transmit/receive unit (WTRU) may configure at least one first state variable for controlling discontinuous reception (DRX) associated with a first group of cells, and at least one second state variable for controlling DRX associated with a second group of cells. In a further example, the first group of cells includes a plurality of cells and the second group of cells includes a different plurality of cells. The WTRU may perform a first DRX operation on the first group of cells based on the at least one first state variable. Also, the WTRU may a second DRX operation on the second group of cells based on the at least one second state variable. Further, the WTRU may receive a first order for DRX activation for the first group of cells. Moreover, the WTRU may activate DRX for the first group of cells based on the first order.

Abstract: A computer-assisted surgery system for obtaining a distance between at least two fixed points relative to a bone comprises a first accelerometer unit located at a first fixed location on the bone, and producing first acceleration data during a movement of the bone. A second accelerometer unit is located at a second fixed location on the bone, and simultaneously producing second acceleration data during the movement. A gyroscope unit is fixed to the bone and simultaneously producing angular rates of change of said movement. A processor unit obtains the acceleration data and the angular rates of change for calculating the distance between the first fixed position and the second fixed position on the bone using a distance value of a distance vector between the accelerometer units. An interface outputs the distance between the first fixed position and the second fixed position relative to the bone. A method for calculating a distance between at least two points on a bone is provided.

Abstract: Systems and methods described herein are provided for beamforming and uplink control and data transmission techniques. Such techniques enable a UE to maintain at least one beam process for operation with multiple beams and/or points. A beam process may be indicated for transmission or reception over a downlink or uplink physical channel. Power, timing, and channel state information may be specific to a beam process. A beam process may be established as part of a random access procedure in which resources may be provisioned in random access response messages. Techniques are provided to handle beam process failures, to use beam processes for mobility, and to select beams using open-loop and closed-loop selection procedures.

Abstract: Systems, methods, and instrumentalities are disclosed herein for XR methods for supporting high-granularity QoS differentiation. A WTRU may receive a delay threshold associated with one or more PDU sets. The WTRU may determine PDU delay information associated with a PDU set, which may include a remaining amount of delay associated with a delay bound of the PDU set. The WTRU may select one or more logical channels for the PDU set. The WTRU may determine a logical channel prioritization (LCP) configuration associated with the selected logical channels based on the delay threshold and the PDU delay information, for example by comparing the PDU delay information to the delay threshold. The WTRU may transmit the PDU set using the determined LCP configuration. Transmitting the PDU set may include prioritizing one or more of the plurality of PDUs of the PDU set over PDUs of a higher-priority logical channel.

Abstract: Systems, methods, and instrumentalities are disclosed to manage interference caused by D2D communications. A wireless transmit receive unit (WTRU) may include a processor. The processor may be configured to perform one or more of the following. The processor may determine to send information using a device-to-device transmission via a resource pool from a plurality of resource pools. Each resource pool may be associated with a range of reference signal receive power (RSRP) values. The processor may determine a RSRP measurement of a cell associated with the WTRU. The processor may select a resource pool from the plurality of resource pools based on the RSRP measurement of the cell. The RSRP measurement of the cell may be within the range of RSRP values associated with the selected resource pool. The processor may send the information using the selected resource pool.

Abstract: A wireless transmit/receive unit (WTRU) may receive a first scheduling assignment that includes an indication of one or more first resources and an indication of a first priority for a first sidelink data transmission from another WTRU. The first WTRU may determine to send a second sidelink data transmission associated with a second priority that is lower than the first priority. The first WTRU may determine a signal strength associated with the first scheduling assignment and may select one or more resources for sending the second sidelink data transmission. The first WTRU may determine that one or more first resources are available for transmission of the second sidelink data transmission based on the signal strength associated with the first scheduling assignment being below a threshold. The first WTRU may send a second scheduling assignment including an indication of the selected one or more resources for the second sidelink data transmission.

Abstract: Methods, devices, and systems for congestion control in a wireless communications system. Some embodiments including receiving a plurality of zone configurations, receiving, for each of the plurality of zone configurations, a channel busy ration (CBR) threshold and a mapping of zone identities (IDs) to resource pools; and measuring a CBR of a resource pool with which the WTRU is currently configured. If the measured CBR meets a CBR threshold of a first zone configuration of the plurality, the WTRU is configured with the first zone configuration, with a zone ID based on the first zone configuration and apposition of the WTRU, and with a resource pool base on the mapping and configured zone ID.

Abstract: Apparatuses and methods of flow-based processing is wireless systems are described. For example, in one method, a WTRU may determine that one or more data units correspond to a flow of such data units. The WTRU may perform such determination as a function of one or more matching rule(s). Flow-based processing may be enabled in the layer 2/layer 1 chain by per-packet determination using one or more rules, for example by routing through the applicable processing functions and/or using the applicable configuration and/or mapping to the applicable uplink physical layer functions and/or resources. One or more functions such as scheduling request, buffer status reporting, HARQ processing, and/or radio link failure and recovery may be controlled based on the policy associated with the flow corresponding to the data being processed.

Abstract: Systems and methods described herein are provided for beamforming and uplink control and data transmission techniques. Such techniques enable a UE to maintain at least one beam process for operation with multiple beams and/or points. A beam process may be indicated for transmission or reception over a downlink or uplink physical channel. Power, timing, and channel state information may be specific to a beam process. A beam process may be established as part of a random access procedure in which resources may be provisioned in random access response messages. Techniques are provided to handle beam process failures, to use beam processes for mobility, and to select beams using open-loop and closed-loop selection procedures.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus are described. A wireless transmit/receive unit (WTRU) includes a transceiver and a processor. The transceiver and the processor receive a master information block (MIB) on a physical broadcast channel (PBCH), wherein the MIB includes an indication of control channel element (CCE) resources, transmit uplink data on a physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH, and receive at least one CCE in the indicated CCE resources. The at least one CCE includes multiple bits, each of which indicates whether a respective block of data is required to be retransmitted. At least the multiple bits are channel coded and have a cyclic redundancy check (CRC) attached.

Abstract: A method for WTRU autonomous resource selection may comprise receiving a TX resource pool for D2D communication from a base station. The WTRU may sense one or more resources of the TX resource pool and determine resources for transmission of control information and D2D data, based on the sensing. The WTRU may then transmit, to another WTRU, the control information and the D2D data on the determined resources.

Abstract: Methods, systems, and apparatuses for sidelink communication are disclosed. A WTRU may receive a first SCI element from a second WTRU within a group. The WTRU may receive a first RCI element within a first set of resources scheduled by the first SCI. The first RCI may include information about which WTRU in the group is scheduled to use a second set of resources. The WTRU may determine, based on the first RCI, that one or more subresources within the second set of resources are available. The WTRU may transmit data in the one or more subresources. The first SCI and the first RCI may be received in a first reservation period and the one or more subresources may be in a second reservation period.

Abstract: A WTRU may receive downlink control information (DCI) indicating a start of a frame. The DCI may be received on a control channel, such as the Physical Downlink Control Channel (PDCCH) from an eNB, base station, AP, or other infrastructure equipment operating in a wireless communications system. The WTRU may decode the DCI and may determine a transmit time interval (TTI) duration, which may be expressed in terms of an integer number of basic time intervals (BTIs). The WTRU may determine a downlink (DL) transmission portion and assignment and an uplink (UL) transmission portion and UL grant based on the received DCI. Additionally, the WTRU may determine the start of the UL portion based on an offset (toffset). The WTRU may receive data in a DL portion of the frame and may transmit in an UL portion of the frame based on the determined UL grant and TTI duration.

Abstract: Systems, methods, and instrumentalities are disclosed for a WTRU to act as a mobile relay, the method comprising the WTRU connecting to the network, the WTRU receiving a message from the network indicating that the WTRU is to act as a mobile relay for one or more devices outside of the coverage of the network, the WTRU discovering one or more devices outside of the coverage of the network, and the WTRU receiving a message from the out-of-coverage device that indicates that the out-of-coverage device has selected the WTRU to act as a mobile relay.

Abstract: Systems, methods, and instrumentalities are disclosed herein associated with the estimation of an obstacle location. A WTRU may receive configuration information regarding reference signal (RS) resources, and transmit an RS (e.g., a sounding reference signal for positioning) using a configured resource. The WTRU may receive a signal reflected from an obstacle based on the transmission of the RS and the WTRU may perform a measurement of the reflected signal. The WTRU may report a result of the measurement to a network device to assist the network device with determining the location of the obstacle.

Abstract: Systems, methods, and instrumentalities are disclosed to manage interference caused by D2D communications. A wireless transmit receive unit (WTRU) may include a processor. The processor may be configured to perform one or more of the following. The processor may determine to send information using a device-to-device transmission via a resource pool from a plurality of resource pools. Each resource pool may be associated with a range of reference signal receive power (RSRP) values. The processor may determine a RSRP measurement of a cell associated with the WTRU. The processor may select a resource pool from the plurality of resource pools based on the RSRP measurement of the cell. The RSRP measurement of the cell may be within the range of RSRP values associated with the selected resource pool. The processor may send the information using the selected resource pool.

Abstract: A wireless transmit/receive unit (WTRU) may receive a first scheduling assignment that includes an indication of one or more first resources and an indication of a first priority for a first sidelink data transmission from another WTRU. The first WTRU may determine to send a second sidelink data transmission associated with a second priority that is lower than the first priority. The first WTRU may determine a signal strength associated with the first scheduling assignment and may select one or more resources for sending the second sidelink data transmission. The first WTRU may determine that one or more first resources are available for transmission of the second sidelink data transmission based on the signal strength associated with the first scheduling assignment being below a threshold. The first WTRU may send a second scheduling assignment including an indication of the selected one or more resources for the second sidelink data transmission.

Abstract: A wireless transmit/receive unit (WTRU) may receive configuration information indicating a first and a second cell group, and indicating discontinuous reception (DRX) information for them; and may receive a command associated with DRX. The WTRU may perform, based on the command, DRX for cells of the first and second cell groups. A first active time for the first cell group may differ from a second active time for the second cell group. Cells within the first cell group may be active during the first active time; cells within the second cell group may be active during the second. The WTRU may receive a first command to deactivate a first cell of the first cell group, and deactivate the cell based on the first command. The WTRU may receive a first command to reactivate the deactivated first cell, and reactivate the deactivated first cell based on the first command to reactivate.