Abstract: A wireless transmit/receive node (WTRU) may be configured to receive an announcement message from another WTRU; determine, based on the announcement message, a list of source WTRUs; receive a discovery message from a source WTRU; compare the source WTRU to the list of source WTRUs; and determine, based on the comparison, whether to forward the discovery message.

Abstract: A method implemented in a relay wireless transmit/receive unit WTRU may include receiving QoS information indicating a QoS profile and receiving bearer information indicating an end-to-end bearer from a source WTRU. The method may include determining a second packet delay budget (PDB) on a second hop for the end-to-end bearer and determining a first PDB on a first hop for the end-to-end bearer based on the second PDB and an end-to-end PDB. The method may include sending PDB information to the source WTRU indicating the first PDB. In a case where a first RLC channel established with a target WTRU corresponds to a second RLC channel configured for the QoS profile, the second PDB on the second hop may be determined to be a PDB associated with the first RLC channel, and the end-to-end bearer may be associated with the first RLC channel.

Abstract: Methods, architectures, apparatuses, and systems directed to configuration and quality of service (QOS) management for relays are described herein. In an embodiment, a source wireless transmit/receive unit (WTRU) may transmit, to a relay, information indicating an end-to-end packet delay budget (PDB) for a QoS flow. The source WTRU may receive, from the relay, first information indicating a first PDB value and second information indicating a second PDB value associated with the QoS flow. The source WTRU may establish a first radio link control (RLC) channel for a first hop associated with the first PDB value, establish a second RLC channel for the first hop associated with the second PDB value, and transmit a packet of the QoS flow using one of the first RLC channel or the second RLC channel based on a signal-quality measurement associated with the first hop.

Abstract: A method implemented in a relay WTRU is described herein. The method may include receiving first information from a network, the first information indicating a packet delay budget (PDB) condition for a second hop. The method may include receiving second information from the network, the second information indicating a PDB compensation. The method may include determining a second hop PDB based on measurements. The method may include determining that the second hop PDB fails to satisfy the condition, determining a second remaining PDB for a first hop based on the second hop PDB and the PDB compensation, and sending second PDB information to a source WTRU, the second PDB information indicating the second remaining PDB for the first hop.

Abstract: A method implemented in a source WTRU is described herein. The method may include determining whether to obtain information indicating a radio link control (RLC) channel configuration and a packet delay budget (PDB) for a QoS flow from a network or from a relay WTRU based on an allocation mode of the source WTRU. The method may include establishing an RLC channel on a first hop based on the RLC channel configuration. The method may include transmitting a packet of the QoS flow using the RLC channel.

Abstract: A method implemented in a wireless transmit/receive unit WTRU is described herein. The method may include sending QoS information to a relay WTRU, the QoS information indicating a first QoS profile for a QoS flow, the first QoS profile including a packet delay budget (PDB). The method may include receiving PDB information from the relay WTRU, the information indicating a first QoS PDB information indicating a split PDB for a first hop for the QoS flow. The method may include determining a first configuration for the QoS flow from the first QoS profile and determining a second configuration for the QoS flow from a second QoS profile. The second QoS profile may differ from the first QoS profile by including the split PDB. The method may include establishing a radio link control (RLC) channel with the first configuration and the second configuration and using the RLC channel to transmit data for the QoS flow.

Abstract: Procedures, methods, architectures, apparatuses, systems, devices, and computer program products for logical channel prioritization, LCP, enhancements for packet data convergence protocol, PDCP, network coding, NC, are disclosed enhancements to LCP procedure, to account for requirements accompanying the introduction of NC in a protocol layer above LCP, e.g. PDCP, enabling a receiver, for example, to receive at least X linearly-independent NC PDUs to recover the X NC SDUs, to meet common delay budget requirements of NC PDUs belonging to a same NC generation, and to support differentiated handling of NC PDUs with different characteristics.

Abstract: Procedures, methods, apparatuses, systems, devices, and computer program products for packet differentiation in a network. A wireless transmit/receive unit in the network receives from the network a grant for uplink transmission, receives a data packet, determines at least one characteristic of the data packet, determines, based on the at least one characteristic of the data packet, a value indicative of possible energy consumption associated with transfer of the data packet, and, based on the value indicative of possible energy consumption associated with transfer of the data packet and a given energy budget value, transmits the data packet to the network using the uplink grant or drops the data packet.

Abstract: In some implementations, a WTRU may include receiving a first transport block (TB) of data. In addition, the WTRU may include determining that the first TB includes a first group of K blocks and a second group of K blocks. The WTRU may include generating first HARQ feedback information for the first TB, where first HARQ information may include, for each group of the first group and the second group, an acknowledgment (ACK) upon the WTRU successfully receiving K blocks in the group, or a negative acknowledgment (NACK) upon successfully receiving less than K blocks in the group. The WTRU may include sending the first HARQ feedback information. The WTRU may include receiving, in response to the first HARQ feedback information, DCI indicating that one or more blocks of a second transmission are a retransmission of part of the first TB; and receiving the second transmission based on the DCI.

Abstract: A WTRU may be configured to receive a first configuration information indicating a first number of code block groups (CBGs), receive a first DL scheduling information, and receive the first TB. The first TB may be comprised of the first number of CBGs. The WTRU may be configured to transmit a HARQ-ACK or a HARQ-NACK for each of the first number of CBGs, determine a second number of CBGs based on at least one of: a measurement, a current rate of ACK-to-NACK, or an estimation of packet delay or latency, determine a precision metric associated with the second number of CBGs, receive a second configuration information indicating a third number of CBGs, receive a second DL scheduling information that indicates a transmission of a second TB, receive the second TB, and transmit a HARQ-ACK or HARQ-NACK for each of the third number of CBGs.

Abstract: This disclosure relates to cell reselection. A wireless transmit/receive unit (WTRU) performs sensing measurements using an initial cell based on an initial cell configuration comprising one or more initial cell reselection conditions. The WTRU may receive configuration information indicative of one or more first cells, one or more second cells having sensing capability, and one or more reselection conditions. The WTRU may determine to perform a cell reselection based on the one or more initial cell reselection conditions. The WTRU may identify one or more candidate cells from the one or more first cells based on one or more performance metrics. The WTRU may select a new cell from the one or more candidate cells by determining whether the one or more second cells comprise the new cell. The WTRU may be configured based on the configuration information and the new cell.

Abstract: Wireless transmit/receive unit (WTRU) methods and systems are provided for sensing and communications. The WTRU, methods, and systems include receiving, from a wireless network, sensing configuration information for performing one or more measurements of a reference signal, determining a condition indicator based on a change in a condition of the WTRU or a sensing target, and performing one or more measurements of the reference signal based on the sensing configuration information. Additionally, the WTRU, methods, and systems include transmitting, to the wireless network, a measurement report indicating the one or more measurements of the reference signal, and the condition indicator.

Abstract: A wireless transmit/receive unit (WTRU) may receive a first associated identifier (ID) function and/or one or more validation conditions. The first associated ID function may be associated with a set of time-varying characteristics of a first non-terrestrial network (NTN) communication channel. The WTRU may determine whether the one or more validation conditions are satisfied. The WTRU may determine a first set of values associated with the first associated ID function and based on the one or more validation conditions being satisfied. The first associated ID function may be associated with a first time period of an AI/ML model. The WTRU may determine a second set of values associated with the first associated ID function and based on the one or more validation conditions being satisfied. The first associated ID function may be associated with a second time period of the AI/ML model. The WTRU may send a report.

Abstract: The disclosure pertains to methods and apparatus for performing positioning of wireless transmit and/or receive units (WTRUs) in wireless communication systems. In an embodiment, a WTRU may receive configuration information indicating one or more measurement gap patterns wherein a measurement gap pattern may be associated with any of a measurement gap length, a measurement gap periodicity and a measurement gap identifier. The WTRU may measure a first positioning reference signal transmission during a first measurement gap time period and may send a request for a first measurement gap pattern of the indicated one or more measurement gap patterns based on the measured first positioning reference signal transmission. The WTRU may receive second information indicating to activate a second measurement gap pattern of the indicated one or more measurement gap patterns and may measure a second positioning reference signal transmission during a second measurement gap time period.

Abstract: A method, a wireless transmit/receive unit (WTRU), and a base station are disclosed. The WTRU comprises a receiver, a transmitter, and a processor. The WTRU receives at least one radio resource control (RRC) message indicating an uplink resource for the WTRU and receives grants over first channels associated with the indicated uplink resource. The WTRU transmits uplink data using the indicated uplink resource based on the received grants, and, based on a trigger, deactivates the indicated uplink resource and to stop the reception of grants over the first channels associated with the indicated uplink resource and flush hybrid automatic repeat request (HARQ) buffers associated with the indicated uplink resource. The base station is configured to communicate with the WTRU.

Abstract: Procedures, methods, architectures, apparatuses, systems, devices, and computer program products for transmission configuration indication, TCI, management in near-field, NF, are described. A wireless transmit-receive unit, WTRU, may be configured with multiple TCI sets. Each TCI set may consist of TCI states of NF beams and a TCI state of far-field, FF, beam. The WTRU may determine and may report a preferred TCI set based on measurement on a source reference signal of a TCI state of FF beam. The WTRU may be indicated with an active TCI set and a semi-active TCI set. The active/semi-active status may be switched via downlink control information. The switching delay from semi-active to active status is shorter than from de-active to active status.

Abstract: A wireless transmit/receive unit (WTRU) may utilize pre-configured rules for scaling power levels. Channels may be grouped based on a type of data to be transmitted. A power level of a channel from a group may be scaled using the pre-configured rules. A power level of a channel of a supplementary carrier may be scaled before another channel of a non-supplementary carrier.

Abstract: A method performed by an anchor wireless transmit/receive unit (WTRU) having an Extended Reality (XR) application includes transmitting to a base station (BS) a request for a candidate set of collaborative WTRUs, the request including pose information to identify the candidate set of collaborative WTRUs, receiving from the BS a first set of collaborative WTRUs, determining, by the anchor WTRU, a second set of WTRUs from the first set of WTRUs that align with at least one of a Field of View (FoV) requirement, the pose information, and XR application parameters of the anchor WTRU, and transmitting, to the BS, an indication of the second set of WTRUs as selected collaborative WTRUs.

Abstract: Methods and systems are provided for reporting logged sensing measurements using a wireless transmit/receive unit (WTRU). The WTRU receives, from a network, a logged sensing configuration comprising measurement configuration information and reporting condition information for a logged sensing task, wherein the reporting condition information comprises a reporting condition and an indication of an uplink signal to use for reporting. The WTRU performs sensing measurements based on the measurement configuration information to generate a sensing measurement result. The WTRU; in response to determining that the reporting condition is satisfied, reports, to the network using the uplink signal when a radio resource control (RCC) connection is not established between the WTRU and the network, a reporting indication based on the sensing measurement result.

Abstract: Procedures, methods, architectures, apparatuses, systems, devices, and computer program products for reporting of precoders, in particular hybrid precoders for near-field and far-field operation. A wireless transmit/receive unit measures one or more downlink, DL, reference signals, RSs, to obtain a measurement result, determines, based on the measurement result, at least a first set of vectors, determines, based on the measurement result, at least a second set of vectors having complex valued elements, across which phase progression is non-linear, determines precoder information comprising at least the first set of vectors and the second set of vectors, and transmits, to a transmission reception point, information indicating the precoder information.