Abstract: A snowmobile includes a frame with a tunnel, a fuel tank disposed thereon and an engine connected thereto. A throttle body fluidly communicates with the engine. A throttle valve is disposed in the throttle body for regulating fluid flow through the throttle body into the engine, a position of the throttle valve being movable between an open position and a closed position. A throttle operator connected to the frame to control the position of throttle valve is moveable between an idle position and a drive position. A throttle valve actuator operatively connected to the throttle valve and the throttle operator controls a position of the throttle valve based at least in part on the throttle operator position, the throttle valve actuator being an electric throttle valve actuator and disposed longitudinally between the fuel tank and the engine. Vehicles and methods of operating the vehicles are also disclosed.

Abstract: A method of controlling an engine includes the steps of: applying a current to the electromagnetic coil to move the at least one piston from the fully retracted position toward the full stroke position; sending a signal to an electronic control unit (ECU) when the at least one piston reaches the full stroke position; determining a time taken to reach the full stroke position from the fully retracted position based on the signal; determining a power-on time based on the determined time taken to reach the full stroke position from the fully retracted position; and returning the at least one piston to the fully retracted position by stopping to apply the current to the electromagnetic coil once the power-on time has elapsed.

Abstract: A method of operating a vehicle having an engine, an engine control unit (ECU), a throttle operator, and a throttle body fluidly communicating with the engine. A throttle valve disposed in the throttle body regulates fluid flow to the engine. A throttle valve actuator is connected thereto for controlling a throttle valve position. A key receiver is configured to link to a key. The method includes linking a key to the key receiver and initiating engine operation. If the key is linked to the key receiver and engine operation has been initiated, an identification code of the key is read and an authorization status of the key is thereby determined. If the key is determined to be authorized, the throttle valve position is controlled based in part on a throttle operator position. If the key is determined to be unauthorized, the throttle valve position is limited to a security limit.

Abstract: A snowmobile includes a frame with a tunnel, a fuel tank disposed thereon and an engine connected thereto. A throttle body fluidly communicates with the engine. A throttle valve is disposed in the throttle body for regulating fluid flow through the throttle body into the engine, a position of the throttle valve being movable between an open position and a closed position. A throttle operator connected to the frame to control the position of throttle valve is moveable between an idle position and a drive position. A throttle valve actuator operatively connected to the throttle valve and the throttle operator controls a position of the throttle valve based at least in part on the throttle operator position, the throttle valve actuator being an electric throttle valve actuator and disposed longitudinally between the fuel tank and the engine. Vehicles and methods of operating the vehicles are also disclosed.

Abstract: A method of operating a vehicle having an engine, an engine control unit (ECU), a throttle operator, and a throttle body fluidly communicating with the engine. A throttle valve disposed in the throttle body regulates fluid flow to the engine. A throttle valve actuator is connected thereto for controlling a throttle valve position. A key receiver is configured to link to a key. The method includes linking a key to the key receiver and initiating engine operation. If the key is linked to the key receiver and engine operation has been initiated, an identification code of the key is read and an authorization status of the key is thereby determined. If the key is determined to be authorized, the throttle valve position is controlled based in part on a throttle operator position. If the key is determined to be unauthorized, the throttle valve position is limited to a security limit.

Abstract: A method of controlling an engine includes the steps of: applying a current to the electromagnetic coil to move the at least one piston from the fully retracted position toward the full stroke position; sending a signal to an electronic control unit (ECU) when the at least one piston reaches the full stroke position; determining a time taken to reach the full stroke position from the fully retracted position based on the signal; determining a power-on time based on the determined time taken to reach the full stroke position from the fully retracted position; and returning the at least one piston to the fully retracted position by stopping to apply the current to the electromagnetic coil once the power-on time has elapsed.

Abstract: An electronic oil pump has at least one lubricant inlet, at least one lubricant outlet, at least one piston being movable between a full stroke position and a fully retracted position, an electrical actuator operatively connected to the at least one piston, a first electrical lead connected to a first element of the pump for electrically connecting the first element to an electronic control unit (ECU), and a second electrical lead connected to a second element of the pump for electrically connecting the second element to the ECU. When the at least one piston is in the full stroke position, an electrical path between the first and second electrical leads is closed. When the at least one piston is in a position other than the full stroke position, the electrical path is opened. A method of controlling an engine having the oil pump is also disclosed.

Abstract: An electronic oil pump has at least one lubricant inlet, at least one lubricant outlet, at least one piston being movable between a full stroke position and a fully retracted position, an electrical actuator operatively connected to the at least one piston, a first electrical lead connected to a first element of the pump for electrically connecting the first element to an electronic control unit (ECU), and a second electrical lead connected to a second element of the pump for electrically connecting the second element to the ECU. When the at least one piston is in the full stroke position, an electrical path between the first and second electrical leads is closed. When the at least one piston is in a position other than the full stroke position, the electrical path is opened. A method of controlling an engine having the oil pump is also disclosed.

Abstract: An electronic oil pump has at least one lubricant inlet, at least one lubricant outlet, at least one piston being movable between a full stroke position and a fully retracted position, an electrical actuator operatively connected to the at least one piston, a first electrical lead connected to a first element of the pump for electrically connecting the first element to an electronic control unit (ECU), and a second electrical lead connected to a second element of the pump for electrically connecting the second element to the ECU. When the at least one piston is in the full stroke position, an electrical path between the first and second electrical leads is closed. When the at least one piston is in a position other than the full stroke position, the electrical path is opened. A method of controlling an engine having the oil pump is also disclosed.

Abstract: An electronic oil pump has at least one lubricant inlet, at least one lubricant outlet, at least one piston being movable between a full stroke position and a fully retracted position, an electrical actuator operatively connected to the at least one piston, a first electrical lead connected to a first element of the pump for electrically connecting the first element to an electronic control unit (ECU), and a second electrical lead connected to a second element of the pump for electrically connecting the second element to the ECU. When the at least one piston is in the full stroke position, an electrical path between the first and second electrical leads is closed. When the at least one piston is in a position other than the full stroke position, the electrical path is opened. A method of controlling an engine having the oil pump is also disclosed.

Abstract: A system for reversing the direction of a two-stroke, internal combustion engine provided with a spark ignition system, the engine having at least one cylinder and a piston reciprocating therein and connected to drive a rotary crankshaft, the system comprising: a manually operable inverse command button; trigger means located proximate a rotary member driven by the crankshaft, a cooperating member carried on the rotary member and cooperating with the trigger means as the rotary member rotates to generate a train of pulses; means detecting the direction of rotation of the crankshaft and generating a direction signal indicative of direction of rotation; a microprocessor control unit receiving the train of pulses, the direction signal and an output from the inverse command button and connected to control the spark ignition system, the microprocessor monitoring the speed and direction of rotation of the rotary member on the basis of the train of pulses and the direction signal, the microprocessor operable when th