Abstract: A method according to an embodiment is for recovering a valuable metal from a waste electrode material of a lithium secondary battery by using lithium carbonate. An anode-cathode mixed electrode material that has been separated by draining, crushing, screening, and sorting a waste lithium secondary battery is preprocessed. A precipitation operation performed by adding lithium carbonate (Li2CO3) to a metal melt acquired by performing sulfuric acid dissolution using sulfuric acid. A valuable metal such as nickel, cobalt, manganese, aluminum, and copper is recovered as a residue in the form of a carbonate composite, and a lithium sulfate (Li2SO4) aqueous solution including lithium is recovered as a filtrate.

Abstract: An embodiment ceria-alumina support (CeO2—Al2O3 support) includes a nano-ceria having a shape of a polygonal bipyramid or a truncated polygonal bipyramid supported on alumina. An embodiment noble metal catalyst for treating exhaust gas includes a noble metal deposited on a ceria-alumina support (CeO2—Al2O3 support) that includes a nano-ceria having a shape of a polygonal bipyramid or a truncated polygonal bipyramid supported on alumina. An embodiment method for affecting resistance to sulfur-poisoning of a noble metal catalyst through structural transformation of nano-ceria supported on alumina includes performing a hydrothermal treatment of ceria supported on ?-alumina.

Abstract: A motor-driving apparatus for driving a motor having a plurality of windings respectively corresponding to a plurality of phases is provided. The motor-driving apparatus includes a first inverter having a plurality of first switching devices and connected to first ends of the plurality of windings and a second inverter having a plurality of second switching devices and connected to second ends of the plurality of windings. A third switching device is configured to selectively connect and disconnect points at which a number of turns of each of the windings is divided in a preset ratio. A controller is configured to adjust an on/off state of the first to third switching devices based on required output of the motor.

Abstract: A communication error diagnosis apparatus for a vehicle, a system including the same and a method thereof may provide a communication error diagnosis apparatus including: a processor configured to transmit a request message including diagnostic identifiers for diagnosing a plurality of controllers that perform vehicle functions and sequence identifiers of the controllers to the controllers depending on a sequence to receive response messages, and configured to analyze vehicle communication errors based on the response messages received from the controllers; and a storage configured to store data and algorithms driven by the processor.

Abstract: A motor-driving apparatus for driving a motor having a plurality of windings respectively corresponding to a plurality of phases is provided. The motor-driving apparatus includes a first inverter having a plurality of first switching devices and connected to first ends of the plurality of windings and a second inverter having a plurality of second switching devices and connected to second ends of the plurality of windings. A third switching device is configured to selectively connect and disconnect points at which a number of turns of each of the windings is divided in a preset ratio. A controller is configured to adjust an on/off state of the first to third switching devices based on required output of the motor.

Abstract: Systems and methods are disclosed herein for optimizing harvester yield. In an embodiment, a controller receives a pre-harvest image from a front-facing camera of a harvester. The controller inputs the pre-harvest image into a model, and receives as output from the model a predicted harvest yield. The controller receives, from an interior camera of the harvester, a post-harvest image including the plants as harvested. The controller inputs the post-harvest image into a second model and receives, as output, an actual harvest yield of the plants as-harvested. The controller determines that the predicted harvest yield does not match the actual harvest yield, and outputs a control signal.

Abstract: A motor-driving apparatus for driving a motor having a plurality of windings respectively corresponding to a plurality of phases is provided. The motor-driving apparatus includes a first inverter having a plurality of first switching devices and connected to first ends of the plurality of windings and a second inverter having a plurality of second switching devices and connected to second ends of the plurality of windings. A third switching device is configured to selectively connect and disconnect points at which a number of turns of each of the windings is divided in a preset ratio. A controller is configured to adjust an on/off state of the first to third switching devices based on required output of the motor.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a hard film having improved wear resistance and improved toughness. A hard film according to the present invention is formed by using a PVD method on a surface of a base material, wherein: the hard film includes a first hard layer and a second hard layer; the first hard layer has a thickness of approximately 0.1-3.0 ?m and is composed of Ti1-aAlaN (0.3?a?0.7), and has a single phase structure; and the second hard layer has a thickness of approximately 0.5-10 ?m and is composed of Ti1-a-bAlaMebN (0.3?a?0.7, 0?b?0.05, the Me being at least one selected from V, Zr, Si, Nb, Cr, Mo, Hf, Ta and W); according to an XRD phase analysis method, a ratio ([200]/[111]) of the intensity of a [200] peak to the intensity of a [111] peak is approximately 1.5 or higher; the second hard layer preferentially grows in a [200] direction; the [200] peak is located at approximately 42.7°-44.6° and is composed of three phases, and the [111] peak is located at approximately 37.0°-38.

Abstract: A catalyst for removing nitrogen oxides, and the catalyst for removing the nitrogen oxides includes a first catalyst having a component including Pt, Ba, and Ce supported on a first support, and a second catalyst physically mixed with the first catalyst and having a component including Cu and Ce supported on a second support.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to an in-vehicle communication device and a time synchronization method thereof. The in-vehicle communication device includes a clock generator for generating a clock signal, a local counter for counting the number of pulses of the clock signal, a transceiver for receiving a message via an in-vehicle communication network, and a processor that determines whether the message received via the transceiver is a synchronization message, extracts synchronization time information from the synchronization message, and adjusts a count value of the local counter based on the synchronization time information to perform time synchronization.

Abstract: Proposed is a carbon dioxide reforming (CDR) reactor having a multilayered catalyst layer arrangement for preventing catalyst deactivation, wherein, in the reactor in which a CDR reaction for reacting methane (CH4) with carbon dioxide (CO2) to reform the methane into a synthesis gas including carbon monoxide (CO) and hydrogen (H2) is performed, in order to prevent a case where an endothermic reaction between a catalyst and heated reactant gas supplied to the reactor gradually causes the temperature of the reactant gas to decrease and the catalyst is deactivated by cokes generated due to the decrease in temperature of the reactant gas, CDR catalysts in the reactor are arranged in multiple layers in a multilayered structure to allow the reactant gas temperature that has decreased due to the endothermic reaction to be restored in spaces between the catalyst layers.

Abstract: A motor-driving apparatus for driving a motor having a plurality of windings respectively corresponding to a plurality of phases is provided. The motor-driving apparatus includes a first inverter having a plurality of first switching devices and connected to first ends of the plurality of windings and a second inverter having a plurality of second switching devices and connected to second ends of the plurality of windings. A third switching device is configured to selectively connect and disconnect points at which a number of turns of each of the windings is divided in a preset ratio. A controller is configured to adjust an on/off state of the first to third switching devices based on required output of the motor.

Abstract: Systems and methods are disclosed herein for optimizing harvester yield. In an embodiment, a controller receives a pre-harvest image from a front-facing camera of a harvester. The controller inputs the pre-harvest image into a model, and receives as output from the model a predicted harvest yield. The controller receives, from an interior camera of the harvester, a post-harvest image including the plants as harvested. The controller inputs the post-harvest image into a second model and receives, as output, an actual harvest yield of the plants as-harvested. The controller determines that the predicted harvest yield does not match the actual harvest yield, and outputs a control signal.

Abstract: Systems and methods are disclosed herein for detecting impurities of harvested plants in a receptacle of a harvester. In an embodiment, a harvester controller receives, from a camera facing the contents of the receptacle, an image of the contents. The harvester controller applies the image as input to a machine learning model. The harvester controller receives, as output from the machine learning model, an identification of an impurity of the harvested plants. The harvester controller transmits a control signal based on the impurity.

Abstract: A catalyst for removing nitrogen oxides, and the catalyst for removing the nitrogen oxides includes a first catalyst having a component including Pt, Ba, and Ce supported on a first support, and a second catalyst physically mixed with the first catalyst and having a component including Cu and Ce supported on a second support.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a hard film having improved wear resistance and improved toughness. A hard film according to the present invention is formed by using a PVD method on a surface of a base material, wherein: the hard film includes a first hard layer and a second hard layer; the first hard layer has a thickness of approximately 0.1-3.0 ?m and is composed of Ti1-aAlaN (0.3?a?0.7), and has a single phase structure; and the second hard layer has a thickness of approximately 0.5-10 ?m and is composed of Ti1-a-bAlaMebN (0.3?a?0.7, 0?b?0.05, the Me being at least one selected from V, Zr, Si, Nb, Cr, Mo, Hf, Ta and W); according to an XRD phase analysis method, a ratio ([200]/[111]) of the intensity of a [200] peak to the intensity of a [111] peak is approximately 1.5 or higher; the second hard layer preferentially grows in a [200] direction; the [200] peak is located at approximately 42.7°-44.6° and is composed of three phases, and the [111] peak is located at approximately 37.0°-38.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to an in-vehicle communication device and a time synchronization method thereof. The in-vehicle communication device includes a clock generator for generating a clock signal, a local counter for counting the number of pulses of the clock signal, a transceiver for receiving a message via an in-vehicle communication network, and a processor that determines whether the message received via the transceiver is a synchronization message, extracts synchronization time information from the synchronization message, and adjusts a count value of the local counter based on the synchronization time information to perform time synchronization.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a preparation method of trifluoroamine oxide comprising the steps of producing an intermediate product by reacting nitrogen trifluoride and nitrous oxide in the presence of a reaction catalyst; and producing trifluoroamine oxide by reacting the intermediate product with sodium fluoride in vacuum condition up to 100 mmHg.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a preparation method of trifluoroamine oxide which comprises the steps of producing an intermediate product by reacting nitrogen trifluoride and nitrous oxide in the presence of a reaction catalyst wherein the unreacted gas containing nitrogen (N2) produced in the course of the reaction is removed and instead nitrogen trifluoride and nitrous oxide are injected additionally; and producing trifluoroamine oxide by reacting the intermediate product with sodium fluoride.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a preparation method of trifluoroamine oxide comprising the steps of producing an intermediate product by reacting nitrogen trifluoride and nitrous oxide in the presence of a reaction catalyst; and producing trifluoroamine oxide by reacting the intermediate product with sodium fluoride in vacuum condition up to 100 mmHg.