Abstract: Provided herein are devices and related methods that may be used for a physiological examination. In one embodiment, a device that may be used for physiological examination comprising a detector with a slit aperture and a light source, so that the detector comprises a lens that enables a wider field of view but does not require an image to be in focus, in one embodiment, a method of diagnosing a disease in a subject through physiological examination using a device comprising a detector with a slit aperture and a plurality of light sources, including different wavelength LEDs and/or vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers (VCSELs).

Abstract: The technology relates to medical devices for monitoring and assessing vascular health. In one embodiment, the technology is an apparatus that attaches to a subject's finger comprising a heating and cooling component, a coherent source, a temperature sensor, an image detector, and/or a component for data control and management. In another embodiment, there is a component that alters local blood flow in the subject, and laser speckle contrast and photoplethysmography (PPG) signals from the altered blood flow in the subject are compared to monitor the vascular health of the subject.

Abstract: The present invention relates to devices and methods of use thereof for real time blood flow measurements of skin. In one embodiment, the device is a compact laser speckle imaging, or LSI, system that is integrated with a dermatoscope. In another embodiment, the device allows the user to diagnose a disease or condition in an individual, or as part of an overall treatment regimen.

Abstract: A multimodal optical imaging platform is used to obtain cerebral perfusion-metabolism mismatch metrics for rapid assessment of acute brain injury, ongoing (real-time) feedback to optimize cardiopulmonary resuscitation to improve neurological outcome, and rapid prognosis of recovery. Light of several wavelengths and types is delivered to the tissue, which is then absorbed and scattered by tissue components such as blood and cellular components. Some of this light scatters back to the surface, where it is captured by a detector. The resulting data are processed to obtain blood flow and oxygenation parameters, as well as tissue scattering. These parameters are then combined to calculate metabolism and flow-metabolism coupling/decoupling metrics, which are used to determine ischemic damage, ongoing need for optimal blood flow and oxygenation, and to predict cerebral recovery in patients with acute brain injury during and immediately after cardiac arrest, stroke, traumatic brain injury, etc.

Abstract: A multimodal optical imaging platform is used to obtain cerebral perfusion-metabolism mismatch metrics for rapid assessment of acute brain injury, ongoing (real-time) feedback to optimize cardiopulmonary resuscitation to improve neurological outcome, and rapid prognosis of recovery. Light of several wavelengths and types is delivered to the tissue, which is then absorbed and scattered by tissue components such as blood and cellular components. Some of this light scatters back to the surface, where it is captured by a detector. The resulting data are processed to obtain blood flow and oxygenation parameters, as well as tissue scattering. These parameters are then combined to calculate metabolism and flow-metabolism coupling/decoupling metrics, which are used to determine ischemic damage, ongoing need for optimal blood flow and oxygenation, and to predict cerebral recovery in patients with acute brain injury during and immediately after cardiac arrest, stroke, traumatic brain injury, etc.

Abstract: Electrophysiologic biomarkers for prognostication of neurological outcome are described herein. An inverse correlation was found between timing of a cortical spreading depolarization (SD) wave and neurological outcome as tested at 24 hours post-CPR. Additionally, a minor image of this SD was identified as a “repolarization (RP) wave.” Quantifying features of SD and RP during cardiac arrest and cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) provide important metrics for diagnosis and prognosis of neurological injury from hypoxia-ischemia and can serve as an early prognostication tool for predicting outcome at subsequent days after successful CPR. This discovery may also allow for novel therapeutic interventions to improve neurological recovery after hypoxia-ischemia insults.

Abstract: A portable device for quantitative measurement of tissue autoregulation and neurovascular coupling via portable measurement of blood flow, oxygenation, metabolism, and/or EEG signals and methods for using said device. The device may comprise a body and a plurality of legs pivotably attached to the body. The plurality of legs may comprise at least one reference electrode leg and at least one measurement electrode leg for electrical measurement, and an optical detection fiber leg and at least one optical source fiber leg for optical blood flow, oxygenation, and metabolism measurement. The present invention is additionally directed to a portable device for blood flow measurement and therapeutic photobiomodulation. The device may comprise a body and a plurality of legs. The plurality of legs may comprise at least one optical detection fiber leg and at least one optical source fiber leg, and at least one leg for therapeutic photobiomodulation.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a portable device for quantitative measurement of tissue autoregulation and neurovascular coupling via portable measurement of blood flow, oxygenation, metabolism, and/or EEG signals and methods for using said device. The device may comprise a body and a plurality of legs pivotably attached to the body. The plurality of legs may comprise at least one reference electrode leg and at least one measurement electrode leg for electrical measurement, and an optical detection fiber leg and at least one optical source fiber leg for optical blood flow, oxygenation, and metabolism measurement. The present invention is additionally directed to a portable device for blood flow measurement and therapeutic photobiomodulation. The device may comprise a body and a plurality of legs. The plurality of legs may comprise at least one optical detection fiber leg and at least one optical source fiber leg, and at least one leg for therapeutic photobiomodulation.

Abstract: The technology relates to medical devices for monitoring and assessing vascular health. In one embodiment, the technology is an apparatus that attaches to a subject's finger comprising a heating and cooling component, a coherent source, a temperature sensor, an image detector, and/or a component for data control and management. In another embodiment, there is a component that alters local blood flow in the subject, and laser speckle contrast and photoplethysmography (PPG) signals from the altered blood flow in the subject are compared to monitor the vascular health of the subject.

Abstract: The present invention relates to devices and methods of use thereof for real time blood flow measurements of skin. In one embodiment, the device is a compact laser speckle imaging, or LSI, system that is integrated with a dermatoscope. In another embodiment, the device allows the user to diagnose a disease or condition in an individual, or as part of an overall treatment regimen.

Abstract: An apparatus for wide-field functional imaging (WiFI) of tissue includes a spatially modulated reflectance/fluorescence imaging (SI) device capable of quantitative subsurface imaging across spatial scales, and a laser speckle imaging (LSI) device capable of quantitative subsurface imaging across spatial scales using integrated with the (SI) device. The SI device and LSI device are capable of independently providing quantitative measurement of tissue functional status.

Abstract: The invention includes a noninvasive method for characterizing dental pulpal vitality of a tooth including the steps of irradiating the tooth with at least partially coherent light, and speckle imaging to provide quantitative feedback to an end user of pulpal blood flow in the tooth, and the tangible records made by such a method. The invention also includes an apparatus for noninvasively characterizing dental pulpal vitality of a tooth comprising a source of at least partially coherent light for irradiating the tooth characterized by a speckle pattern, optics for directing the at least partially coherent light onto the tooth, including a corresponding pulpal cavity within the tooth, a detector for detecting transmission of the at least partially coherent light through the tooth, and a processor coupled to the detector speckle imaging to provide a quantitative feedback of pulpal blood flow in the tooth.

Abstract: This disclosure relates generally to methods for increasing the permeability of tissue. More particularly, it relates to increasing the permeability of a skin tissue or other epidermal tissue to promote delivery of active substances locally and systemically, and to control the delivery of active substances topically.

Abstract: An apparatus for wide-field functional imaging (WIFI) of tissue includes a spatially modulated reflectance/fluorescence imaging (SI) device capable of quantitative subsurface imaging across spatial scales, and a laser speckle imaging (LSI) device capable of quantitative subsurface imaging across spatial scales using integrated with the (SI) device. The SI device and LSI device are capable of independently providing quantitative measurement of tissue functional status.

Abstract: A digital imaging system provides color information of an entire port wine stain or other skin condition with a single image in CIE L*a*b* color space (L*, a*) derived from RGB pixel data (R, G, B). Cross-polarization optics produce marked reduction in specularly reflected light in the images. A patient positioning device allows for repeatable positioning of the patient's head or body portion. The digital nature of the system provides a near real-time mapping of melanin and erythema or other skin chromophore metrics. The cross-polarized diffuse reflectance color digital imaging system obtains subsurface skin color information and acquisition of facial images in a reproducible fashion at a fixed distance from an illumination source at optimized angles of view depending on the region of interest being imaged.

Abstract: A digital imaging system provides color information of an entire port wine stain or other skin condition with a single image in CIE L*a*b* color space (L*, a*) derived from RGB pixel data (R, G, B). Cross-polarization optics produce marked reduction in specularly reflected light in the images. A patient positioning device allows for repeatable positioning of the patient's head or body portion. The digital nature of the system provides a near real-time mapping of melanin and erythema or other skin chromophore metrics. The cross-polarized diffuse reflectance color digital imaging system obtains subsurface skin color information and acquisition of facial images in a reproducible fashion at a fixed distance from an illumination source at optimized angles of view depending on the region of interest being imaged.