Abstract: Polymer with a number average molecular weight of 400 to 20,000 having amino-substituted groups in its molecule and resulting from the reaction of at least one compound having a secondary amine function with 1 to 60 carbon atoms on an unsaturated polyester resulting from the condensation of an unsaturated, aliphatic dicarboxylic compound having at least one alpha ethylene unsaturation of one of the carboxylic groups on at least one epoxidized compound having 2 to 62 carbon atoms chosen from among epoxyalkenes, ethers, epoxyalcohol esters and epoxyacid esters. Middle distillate composition having a distillation range of 150.degree. to 450.degree. C. and incorporating a minor proportion, preferably 0.001 to 2% by weight, of at least one of the aforementioned polymers.

Abstract: Disclosed are polymers of average molecular weight ranging from 400 to 20,000 comprising thiosubstituted groups per molecule and resulting from the reaction, in the presence of an addition catalyst, of at least one compound with a thiol function, having 1 to 60 carbon atoms per molecule, with an unsaturated polyester resulting from the condensation of an aliphatic epoxide with an unsaturated aliphatic dicarboxylic compound comprising at least one ethylenic unsaturation in the alpha position of one of the carboxyl groups. Also disclosed are middle distillate compositions having a distillation range from 150.degree. to 450.degree. C. and comprising a minor proportion, preferably from 0.001 to 2% by weight, of at least one of the polymers defined hereinabove.

Abstract: Disclosed is a polymer of average molecular weight ranging from 400 to 20,000 comprising amino substituted groups in its molecule and resulting from the reaction of at least one compound with a primary amine function having 1 to 60 carbon atoms with an unsaturated polyester resulting from the condensation of an unsaturated aliphatic dicarboxylic compound, comprising at least one ethylenic unsaturation in the alpha position of one of the carboxyl groups, with at least one epoxidated compound having 4 to 62 carbon atoms chosen from ethers and esters of epoxyalcohols and esters of epoxyacids.Also disclosed is a middle distillate composition having a distillation range from 150.degree. to 450.degree. C. and comprising a minor proportion, preferably from 0.001 to 2% in weight, of at least one of the polymers defined hereinabove.

Abstract: The object of the invention is a catalytic composition comprising titanium and phosphorus and resulting from the contacting of at least one titanate with at least one quaternary "onium" salt of an acid selected from the group consisting of phosphoric acid and the phosphonic acids of formula R.sup.7 H.sub.2 PO.sub.3 in which R.sup.7 is a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 38 atoms of carbon and the "onium" remainder is a remainder of formula (R.sup.8 R.sup.9 R.sup.10 R.sup.11 M).sup.+ in which M is an element from the group VA of the periodic table of elements, preferably nitrogen or phosphorous, and R.sup.8, R.sup.9, R.sup.10 and R.sup.11, identical or different, represent each an atom of hydrogen or a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 38 atoms of carbon.This catalytic composition is utilizable for producing asters and polyesters from epoxides and carboxylic acid anhydrides.

Abstract: The present invention concerns a process for preparing a basic additive for lubricating oils having an antiwear and detergent effect, the additive thus obtained and a lubricating composition containing the additive. The process consists of contacting an amino-acid in solution or in dispersion in the oil with a detergent, an alkaline-earth metal derivative, carbon dioxide in diluent oil, a hydrocarbon-based solvent, and a polar solvent in the presence of a nitrogen-based basic derivative.

Abstract: Disclosed are polymers of average molecular weight ranging from 400 to 20,000 comprising thiosubstituted groups per molecule and resulting from the reaction, in the presence of an addition catalyst, of at least one compound with a thiol function, having 1 to 60 carbon atoms per molecule, with an unsaturated polyester resulting from the condensation of an aliphatic epoxide with an unsaturated aliphatic dicarboxylic compound comprising at least one ethylenic unsaturation in the alpha position of one of the carboxyl groups. Also disclosed are middle distillate compositions having a distillation range from 150.degree. to 450.degree. C. and comprising a minor proportion, preferably from 0.001 to 2% by weight, of at least one of the polymers defined hereinabove.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for condensing at least one epoxide on at least one cyclic anhydride of a dicarboxylic acid in the presence of a catalyst consisting of at least one titanium nitrogenous complex of the formula (I) Ti(OR.sup.1).sub.m (OR.sup.2 ).sub.n (OR.sup.2 ).sub.p Lg in which R.sup.1, R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 each independently represents one hydrocarbon group, L represents the remainder of a nitrogenous compound, the sum of m+n+p+q is 4, q is an integer from 1 to 4 and m, n and p are independently each 0 or 1. The process allows for obtaining a perfectly alternating polyester.

Abstract: A process for condensing at least one aliphatic epoxide having at least 8 atoms of carbon in its molecule on at least one cyclic anhydride of a dicarboxylic acid in the presence of a catalyst consisting of at least one titanium complex of general formula (I) Ti(OR).sub.2 (L).sub.2 in which each R group independently represents one hydrocarbon group with 1 to 10 atoms of carbon and each L group represents a ligand of the diketonic beta type or of the keto-ester beta.

Abstract: The present invention concerns a process and a device for determining the cloud point of a diesel oil, comprising a light source and, aligned on a single axis, a diaphragm comprising a central hole on the said axis, an objective forming the image of the hole on a light trap, and behind the screen, a wide-diameter photoelectric detector intended to deliver an electric current when it receives a light flux, and, disposed between the objective and the screen, a cell containing a diesel oil sample to be analyzed, means for controlling the temperature of this sample being associated to the said cell.

Abstract: Polymer of average molecular weight ranging from 400 to 20 000 comprising amino substituted groups in its molecule and resulting from the reaction of at least one compound with a primary amine function having 1 to 60 carbon atoms with an unsaturated polyester resulting from the condensation of an unsaturated aliphatic dicarboxylic compound, comprising at least one ethylenic unsaturation in the alpha position of one of the carboxyl groups, with at least one epoxidated compound having 4 to 62 carbon atoms chosen from ethers and esters of epoxyalcohols and esters of epoxyacids.Middle distillate composition having a distillation range from 150.degree. to 450.degree. C. and comprising a minor proportion, preferably from 0.001 to 2% in weight, of at least one of the polymers defined hereinabove.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for condensing at least one epoxide on at least one cyclic anhydride of a dicarboxylic acid in the presence of a catalyst consisting of at least one titanium peroxidic complex of the peroxo type of the A form ##STR1## Said process allows to obtain a perfectly alternate polyester.

Abstract: A process for inhibiting the deposit of paraffins in crude oils and petroleum fractions incorporating additives of the family of N-substituted succinimide ethers. The additives according to the invention make it possible, on the one hand, to maintain in dispersion the whole range of paraffins improving the flowing properties of crude oils and, on the other, to prevent the deposit of the heavier paraffins on the walls. Therefore, the process is effective during both the storage and the transportation of crude petroleum.

Abstract: Copolymers of average number molecular weight from about 300 to 5,000 comprising recurrent units originating (A) from alpha olefins, (B) from .alpha.,.beta. unsaturated .alpha., .gamma. dicarboxylic compounds, (C) from unsaturated acid esters of 1,2-diols, optionally etherified or esterified, and (D) optionally from acrylic esters, the proportions of the recurrent units being 5-60% for (A), 10-70% for (B), 10-60% for (C) and 0-60% for (D), at least one of recurrent units (A), (B) and/or (C) comprising at least 12 carbon atoms, and at least 10% of the recurrent units of said copolymer being (B) recurrent units of N-substituted imide type. These copolymers form additives useful to lower the pour point of middle distillates, particularly of gas-oils. The use of said additives at a concentration from 0.001 to 2% by weight results in a substantial decrease of the pour point of the treated middle distillates.

Abstract: The present invention relates to additives for lubricating oils having an antirust and antiwear effect, their process of preparation and the lubricating compositions containing the said additives, these additives consisting in a microdispersion in the oil of the metallic salts of amino-acids, wherein the dicarboxylic amino-acids and their derivatives are advantageously used and wherein the salts are generally formed with metals from Groups I and II of the Periodic Classification of Elements.

Abstract: This invention concerns a process for preparing very fluid overbased additives having a high basicity, by contacting an alkaline-earth metal derivative and at least one surfactant with carbon dioxide in a diluent oil and a hydrocarbon-based solvent in the presence of an oxygen-based promoter and a nitrogen-based promoter wherein the carbonation time is comprised between an initial point Po corresponding to the beginning of the temperature plateau of the exothermic reaction and the end point of the carbonation which corresponds to a sudden drop of the alkaline value, the additives according to the invention being utilized in lubricating oils and fuels.

Abstract: Copolymers with nitrogen groups are used as additives to lower the cloud point and improve the filterability limit temperature and the pour point of middle distillates such as gas oils. They are obtained by reacting a compound having a primary amine group with a copolymer comprising 15 to 40% of recurrent units form a linear .alpha.-olefin, 20 to 70% of recurrent units form and .alpha.,.beta.-unsaturated dicarboxylic compound and 15 to 45% of recurrent units form an alkyl ester of unsaturated monocarboxylic acid.

Abstract: Additive compositions, useful in particular for improving the cold filterability properties of oil middle distillates, comprise:(A) at least one ethylene polymer; and(B) at least one polymeric compound resulting from the condensation of at least one compound comprising a primary amine group, of formulaR--Z[(CH.sub.2).sub.n NH].sub.m H or HO--CH.sub.2 --R"--NH.sub.2wherein R is an alkyl from C.sub.1 to C.sub.30, Z is --NH--, --NR'-- or --O--, R' being a C.sub.1 -C.sub.30 alkyl, n an integrer from 2 to 4 , m an integrer from 1 to 4 (or zero when Z is --NH--), R" is a C.sub.1 -C.sub.18 alkylene, with a copolymer of a linear .alpha.-olefin, of an unsaturated .alpha., .beta.-dicarboxylic compound and of an alkyl ester of an unsaturated monocarboxylic acid, or a vinyl ester of a saturated monocarboxylic acid.These additive compositions, used for example at concentrations from 50 to 500 g/m.sup.3, have a synergic effect on the filterability limit temperature of the middle distillates, particularly gas-oils.

Abstract: The present invention provides grafted ethylene copolymers usable more especially as additives for inhibiting the depositions in crude oils.Said copolymer being formed of ethylene and at least one monomer with ethylenic unsaturation, chosen from vinyl esters of C.sub.2 to C.sub.18 monocarboxylic acids, the alkyl esters in the C.sub.1 to C.sub.12 range of unsaturated monocarboxylic acids from the C.sub.3 to C.sub.12 range and the .alpha., .beta.-unsaturated dicarboxylic compounds, on which are fixed the grafts of a homo or copolymer of an .alpha., .beta.-unsaturated monocarboxylic acid ester with at least one alkanol of a chain length equal to or greater than C.sub.12 and at least 20% of which is of a chain length equal to or greater than C.sub.22. Such copolymers may be used more especially as additives for inhibiting the deposition of paraffins and for improving the flow properties of the crude oils.

Abstract: Copolymers with nitrogen groups are used as additives to lower the cloud point of middle distillates such as gas oils. They are obtained by reacting a compound having a primary amine group with a copolymer comprising from 20 to 40% of recurrent units from a linear .alpha.-olefin, from 30 to 70% of recurrent units from an .alpha.,.beta.-unsaturated dicarboxylic compound, from 5 to 30% of recurrent units from an alkyl ester of unsaturated monocarboxylic acid, and from 5 to 15% of recurrent units from styrene or a styrene derivative.These additives also improve the limit filterability temperature and the pour point of the middle distillates.

Abstract: Products useful as additives for lowering the cloud point of middle distillates have a molecular weight from 1,000 to 50,000, and are obtained by reacting a compound of the formulaR--Z--(CH.sub.2).sub.n NH].sub.m H (I)orHO--CH.sub.2 --R'--NH.sub.2 (II)where R is a monovalent saturated aliphatic radical of 1-30 carbon atoms, Z is --NH-- or oxygen, n is 2 to 4, m is zero or 1 to 4 and R' is a saturated divalent aliphatic radical of 1-18 carbon atoms, with a copolymer comprising recurrent units (A) from an alkyl ester of an unsaturated monocarboxylic acid and/or a vinyl ester of a saturated monocarboxylic acid, recurrent units (B) from diisobutylene and recurrent units (C) from an unsaturated .alpha.,.beta.-dicarboxylic compound.