Abstract: A deposit of a silica base layer is formed on the surface of a glass product by projecting on a hot surface of the product, in a non confined ambient atmosphere, a gaseous mixture having a silane content lower than 2%, an oxygen content between 3.5 and 30%, and advantageously a hydrogen content lower than 5%. The surface of the object to be treated is advantageously heated immediately before being sent to the injection station.

Abstract: In at least one of the ducts for feeding a fuel and an oxidant to a burner, a device for flow pulsation is provided to cause in the duct a pulsation of the flow of fluid which is fed at a frequency lower than 3 Hz, typically lower than 1 Hz. Application for example to oxycombustible burners of industrial furnaces having high yield and low emission of nitrogen oxides.

Abstract: Process for melting and refining a charge which is continuously introduced in raw condition at the inlet of a furnace and extracted in liquid condition at the bottom thereof, with heat transfer towards at least a substantial portion thereof by wall mounted flame burners directed towards the charge in which at least part of the flames result from the combustion of an industrial mixture of fuel and oxygen. For one or more of the flames in the refining zone, there is provided a pulsating combustion with cyclic variations of the oxygen and fuel feeds, including periods of maximum activity with flames of high heat capacity which alternate with periods of rest with substantially reduced and even completely nullified heat capacity. Application for example to the preparation of glass.

Abstract: This invention relates to the production of refractory linings. According to the method, the lining formed by refractory materials is heated to a temperature sufficient to cause the sintering of the materials on at least an internal surface of the said lining. To provide this heating action, a flame is produced from a fuel gas and oxygen, within a partially closed volume close to the lining which is to be sintered, and a diluting gas is injected between the flame and the lining, at least during the first part of the rise in temperature. The method is applicable to the sintering of the linings of vessels utilized in metallurgy, in particular of induction furnaces.