Abstract: A method of authenticating data transmitted in a digital transmission system, in which the method comprises the steps, prior to transmission, of determining at least two encrypted values for at least some of the data, each encrypted value being determined using a key of a respective encryption algorithm, and outputting said at least two encrypted values with said data.

Abstract: A method of authenticating data transmitted in a digital transmission system, in which the method comprises the steps, prior to transmission, of determining at least two encrypted values for at least some of the data, each encrypted value being determined using a key of a respective encryption algorithm, and outputting said at least two encrypted values with said data.

Abstract: A method of authenticating data transmitted in a digital transmission system, in which the method comprises the steps, prior to transmission, of determining at least two encrypted values for at least some of the data, each encrypted value being determined using a key of a respective encryption algorithm, and outputting said at least two encrypted values with said data.

Abstract: A method of authenticating data transmitted in a digital transmission system, in which the method comprises the steps, prior to transmission, of determining at least two encrypted values for at least some of the data, each encrypted value being determined using a key of a respective encryption algorithm, and outputting said at least two encrypted values with said data.

Abstract: In an application of a gas discharge lamp (La) arranged at a relatively large distance from its driving lamp driver circuit, parasitic capacitances (CGR,1, CGR,2) between the wiring (W1, W2) and ground may result in a current flowing to other parts of the lamp driver circuit, which may result in incorrect operation of the lamp driver circuit. In particular, if the gas discharge lamp is ignited using a resonant circuit for generating a relatively high ignition voltage such incorrect operation may result. In accordance with the present invention, a first alternating voltage is generated at a first lamp terminal (O1) and a second alternating voltage is generated at a second lamp terminal (O2), such that the voltage across the lamp terminals is equal to the sum of the first and the second alternating voltages. Thereto, a resonant inductance of the resonant circuit is embodied as a first and a second inductor (L1a, L1b), each coupled to a respective lamp terminal of the gas discharge lamp.

Abstract: A lamp driving circuit (110) for driving a gas discharge lamp (11) is described, comprising current generating means (M1, M2, D1, D2, L, C, C1, C2) for generating a lamp current in discontinuous mode or critical discontinuous mode, and a controller (12) for controlling the operation of the current generating means. In an embodiment, the current generating means have HBCF topology. A zero-crossings detector (120) detects zero-crossings of the lamp current, and generates a detection pulse for each detected zero-crossing. A signal processor (130) monitors the detection pulses from the zero-crossings detector (120), and generates a lamp current inhibit signal if the detection pulses are absent during at least a predetermined time interval. The controller, in response to the lamp current inhibit signal, switches off the lamp current generating means.

Abstract: A lamp driving circuit (10) for operating a discharge lamp has a series arrangement of a first and a second switching device (Q1, Q2) connecting supply voltage input terminals. An inverter resonant circuit (20, 30) shunts one of the switching devices and has an inverter inductance (L1), an inverter capacitance (C1), and lamp connection terminals (O1, O2). A control circuit (40) controls the switching devices to generate a lamp current (IL) commutating at a commutation frequency. During a first interval of a commutation period, the control circuit renders the first switching device alternately conducting during a first time period and non-conducting during a second time period at a high frequency being higher than the commutation frequency, and during a second interval of the commutation period, the control circuit renders the second switching device alternately conducting during a third time period and non-conducting during a fourth time period at a high frequency being higher than the commutation frequency.

Abstract: A method is described for detecting defective operation of a discharge lamp (7). The method comprises the steps of determining the lamp impedance and establishing that the lamp is operating in an incandescent mode if it is found that the lamp has a positive impedance. The lamp current is varied and the lamp voltage variation in response to the lamp current variation is analyzed to determine the lamp impedance. In a specific embodiment, the lamp current is set at a first magnitude (I(tM1)) at a first measuring moment (tM1) and a first lamp voltage (V(tM1)) occurring at said first measuring moment is measured, while at a second measuring moment (tM2) the lamp current is set at a second magnitude (I(tM2)) different from the first magnitude and a second lamp voltage (V(tM2)) occurring at said second measuring moment is measured, and the relationship between said two lamp voltages is analyzed.

Abstract: A method of authenticating data transmitted in a digital transmission system, in which the method comprises the steps, prior to transmission, of determining at least two encrypted values for at least some of the data, each encrypted value being determined using a key of a respective encryption algorithm, and outputting said at least two encrypted values with said data.

Abstract: A method of authentification of data sent in a digital transmission characterized by the organization and authentification of the data prior to transmission into a hierarchy of at least one root directory unit (75), subdirectory unit (76) and file unit (77), data in a file (77) being acted upon by an authentification algorithm and an associated file authentification value (82) stored in the referring subdirectory unit (77), this file authentification value (82) being in turn acted upon by an authentification algorithm and an associated subdirectory authentification value (79) stored in the referring root directory. Other aspects of the invention relate to the authentification of a second root directory (78) by generation of a second authentification value (83) and the authentification of data before encapsulation in tables or sections of a transport stream.

Abstract: A DC-to-DC converter comprising an input inductor which is connected to an input terminal, an output inductor which is connected to an output terminal, a capacitor which is connected in series with and between the inductors, a switch element which is connected via a first resistor to a common input/output conductor and to a first node that is common to the input inductor and the capacitor, and a diode which is connected via a second resistor to the common input/output conductor and to a second node that is common to the output inductor and the capacitor, the switch element being responsive to a switch control signal (Vsw) applied thereto for alternately making the switch element conducting and non-conducting such that currents flowing through the inductors flow through the switch element or through the diode during an on-interval and an off-interval of the switch control signal (Vsw), respectively, a control circuit having at least one measurement input for receiving a current measurement voltage (Vx) across

Abstract: A method of authenticating data transmitted in a digital transmission system, in which the method comprises the steps, prior to transmission, of determining at least two encrypted values for at least some of the data, each encrypted value being determined using a key of a respective encryption algorithm, and outputting said at least two encrypted values with said data.

Abstract: In a lighting arrangement comprising a LED array and a DC-DC-converter for supplying the LED array, the DC-DC-converter is an up-converter and the LED array is coupled between an input terminal and an output terminal. The up-converter generates a very low voltage over the LED array without making use of a transformer.

Abstract: A switching arrangement includes first, second and third circuits. The first circuit is connected between a first input and a first output of the switching arrangement. The first circuit has a self-inductance, a capacitor and a diode. The second circuit is connected between the first input and a second input of the switching arrangement, and includes a switching element. The third circuit is connected between the first output and a second output of the switching arrangement, and has a diode and an inductive winding.

Abstract: In an up-converter feed forward control of the output current is effected by rendering the conduction time of the switching element proportional to Vout/Vin2. This control is fast and avoids interference and loss of efficiency.

Abstract: In a circuit arrangement for driving a LED array comprising red, green and blue LEDs, a control loop is added for limiting the duty cycles of the control signals for driving the red, green and blue LEDs. In case one of the duty cycles reaches the limit value, the reference signals for the red, green and blue light are decreased with the same relative amount. The color point of the light is thereby maintained, even when the efficiency of part of the LEDs decreases.

Abstract: The invention relates to a switching arrangement for operating at least one LED, which switching arrangement is provided with input terminals (1, 2) for connecting a supply source, —output terminals (3, 4) for connecting the LED to be operated, —a first series circuit (I) between one of the input terminals (1) and one of the output terminals (3), including at least a self-inductance (L), a capacitor (C) and a diode (D), —a second series circuit (II) between the input terminals, including at least the self-inductance (L) and a switching element (S) which is alternately switched to a conducting state and a non-conducting state at a high frequency, —a third series circuit (III) between the output terminals, including the diode and an inductive winding (SW). According to the invention, the inductive winding forms a first winding (SW1) of a transformer (T) which has a second winding (SW2) that forms part of the first series circuit and which also has a connection point with the first winding.

Abstract: A method of authentification of data sent in a digital transmission characterised by the organisation and authentification of the data prior to transmission into a hierarchy of at least one root directory unit (75), subdirectory unit (76) and file unit (77), data in a file (77) being acted upon by an authentification algorithm and an associated file authentification value (82) stored in the referring subdirectory unit (77), this file authentification value (82) being in turn acted upon by an authentification algorithm and an associated subdirectory authentification value (79) stored in the referring root directory. Other aspects of the invention relate to the authentification of a second root directory (78) by generation of a second authentification value (83) and the authentification of data before encapsulation in tables or sections of a transport stream.

Abstract: A modem device driver, particularly for use in a receiver/decoder (2020) for a digital broadcast system in which received signals are passed through a receiver to the receiver/decoder and thence to a television set. The receiver/decoder is controlled by a virtual machine (4007) which includes a run time engine (4008). The receiver/decoder includes a plurality of interfaces to external units, and logical driver devices for the interfaces. A device driver (500) for controlling a modem interface comprises a buffer memory (503) for receiving messages, a control memory (502) for storing control parameters, and a logic unit (501) for controlling the device driver and the flow of messages. The logic unit includes a comparator (511) for matching Event, ACK, an NACK patterns stored in the control memory against the end of messages stored in the buffer memory.

Abstract: The invention relates to a switching arrangement for operating at least one LED, which switching arrangement is provided with input terminals (1, 2) for connecting a supply source, —output terminals (3, 4) for connecting the LED to be operated, —a first series circuit (I) between one of the input terminals (1) and one of the output terminals (3), including at least a self-inductance (L), a capacitor (C) and a diode (D), —a second series circuit (II) between the input terminals, including at least the self-inductance (L) and a switching element (S) which is alternately switched to a conducting state and a non-conducting state at a high frequency, —a third series circuit (III) between the output terminals, including the diode and an inductive winding (SW).