Abstract: Disclosed herein are methods for leaching a material comprising one or more metals in a zero oxidation state and one or more chosen from metal oxides, metal hydroxides, and combinations thereof, wherein the method comprises contacting the material with an oxidizing acidic aqueous solution having a pH less than 6, and subsequently reducing the one or more chosen from metal oxides, metal hydroxides, and combinations thereof with a reducing agent. Also disclosed are methods comprising leaching a material to obtain an aqueous solution comprising metal ions, and separating the metal ions to obtain at least one essentially pure metal ion solution and/or at least one essentially pure solid metal ion salt. Further disclosed are methods comprising mechanically comminuting a material to obtain a black mass, and leaching the black mass.

Abstract: A method for cutting and connecting two bands end to end and which are at a stop, namely a first band ensuring the feed, and a second replacement band, in an unrolling machine including a cutting and connecting device including two connection assemblies arranged symmetrically with respect to a cutting and connection plane is provided. Utilizing the unrolling machine the method includes preparation of the second band, then immobilization of the bands in the plane, of simultaneous and transverse cutting of the latter, of disengagement of the cut portions not to be connected, and of end-to-end connecting of the cut portions thereof to be connected. A cutting and connecting device and a machine enabling the implementation of the method is also provided.

Abstract: A method for cutting and connecting two bands end to end and which are at a stop, namely a first band ensuring the feed, and a second replacement band, in an unrolling machine including a cutting and connecting device including two connection assemblies arranged symmetrically with respect to a cutting and connection plane is provided. Utilizing the unrolling machine the method includes preparation of the second band, then immobilization of the bands in the plane, of simultaneous and transverse cutting of the latter, of disengagement of the cut portions not to be connected, and of end-to-end connecting of the cut portions thereof to be connected. A cutting and connecting device and a machine enabling the implementation of the method is also provided.

Abstract: The method involves preparing an end of a new band of a new bobbin (6), and fitting a gluing joint on a connection assembly (4). Another gluing joint to be transferred is mounted on the connection assembly corresponding to a bobbin (8) unrolling a completed band. The bobbin (8) is stopped, and a junction is formed by gluing the new band with a section of the completed band using connections of the connection assembly. The unrolling of the new bobbin is started. An independent claim is also included for an end-to-end cutting and gluing device for an unrolling machine.

Abstract: The method involves preparing an end of a new band of a new bobbin (6), and fitting a gluing joint on a connection assembly (4). Another gluing joint to be transferred is mounted on the connection assembly corresponding to a bobbin (8) unrolling a completed band. The bobbin (8) is stopped, and a junction is formed by gluing the new band with a section of the completed band using connections of the connection assembly. The unrolling of the new bobbin is started. An independent claim is also included for an end-to-end cutting and gluing device for an unrolling machine.

Abstract: A continuous rolling machine for web materials includes two independent driving rolls (4 and 5) co-operating with a take-up reel (3A, 3B). A winding method with controlled application load of the driving rolls is also disclosed. At least one of the driving rolls of the winding device (2) is in contact with the take-up reel (3A, 3B), from the start of the phase for preparing a new reel (3A) until the finished reel has completely stopped, one (4) of the driving rolls being in contact with the reel soon after the start of the latter's (3A) formation and until the finished reel has completely stopped (3B), the other driving roll (5) being in contact with the reel from the start of the latter's (3B) formation until its release (3B), prior to connecting a new reel.

Abstract: A method and device for positioning strips and rolls in order to connect same to an unwinding machine. The method is characterised in that it consists in physically representing the position at which the side of the roll (3) must be positioned in relation to the longitudinal axis of the machine, on the outside diameter of the roll with the aid of a light beam emitter (6) that emits light that is visible to the operator and without the use of an active receiver. The invention is especially suitable for machines used for the continuous unwinding of strips of material and, in particular, for machines used to unwind rolls of paper or card in order to feed a downstream machine.

Abstract: A continuous rolling machine for web materials includes two independent driving rolls (4 and 5) co-operating with a take-up reel (3A, 3B). A winding method with controlled application load of the driving rolls is also disclosed. At least one of the driving rolls of the winding device (2) is in contact with the take-up reel (3A, 3B), from the start of the phase for preparing a new reel (3A) until the finished reel has completely stopped, one (4) of the driving rolls being in contact with the reel soon after the start of the latter's (3A) formation and until the finished reel has completely stopped (3B), the other driving roll (5) being in contact with the reel from the start of the latter's (3B) formation until its release (3B), prior to connecting a new reel.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a device for precise connection for a continuous unrolling machine, comprising at least a means (3) for unrolling two spools, a strip accumulator (4) and a device for connecting ending strips (1) and new strips (2).

Abstract: The present invention relates to a device for end to end connecting for a machine for continuously unrolling, with end to end connection between two strips, an ending strip (1) and a new strip (2), comprising at least means (3) for unrolling two spools, an accumulator for the strip (4) and a device for connecting and cutting.

Abstract: A method for preparing nootkatone, nootkatol or mixtures thereof by oxidizing valencene, wherein the valencene is exposed to an oxygenated atmosphere in a suitable reaction medium and in the presence of an unsaturated fatty acid hydroperoxide, and the nootkatone and/or nootkatol is (are) optionally separated from the reaction medium. The method enables nootkatone yields of around 60 g per kg of reaction medium to be achieved.

Abstract: The aldehydes, N-hexanal, 3-(Z)-hexen-1-al and 2-(E)-hexen-1-al, and their corresponding alcohols are enzymatically produced in high yield from linoleic, linolenic acid or a natural precursor thereof such as hydrolyzed oil. The acid or natural precursor is mixed with soy flour containing lipoxygenase which converts the acid to 13-hydroperoxy-octadeca-9,11-dienoic acid or 13-hydroperoxy-octadeca-9,11,15-trienoic acid. Guava homogenate containing lyase is added to convert the 13-hydroperoxy-octadeca-9,11-dienoic acid into n-hexanal or the 13-hydroperoxy-octadeca-9,11,15-trienoic acid into 3-(Z)-hexen-1-al. The n-hexanal or 3-(Z)-hexen-1-al is recovered, or reduced with yeast to n-hexanol or 3-(Z)-hexen-1-ol, respectively. Alternatively, the 3-(Z)-hexen-1-al is isomerized to obtain 2-(E)-hexen-1-al which is recovered or reduced with yeast to 2-(E)-hexen-1-ol which is recovered. The yeast used for reducing and isomerizing is Saccharomyces cerevisiae.

Abstract: Unwinding machine comprising two reelstand towers (1) covered by an overhead bridge (2) supporting a web accumulator (3), and two splicing cases (4) adapted to splice webs at zero speed each being linked to one of the reelstand towers (1) and rolling along rails fastened under the bridge (2). Each reelstand tower (1) is constituted by a frame (5) connected to the bridge (2) and a mobile frame (6) movable on the frame (5) perpendicularly to the bridge length (2), this frame (6) bearing also a device (7) to vertically move the cantilever spindle (8) to be inserted into the new reel core (9) to be unwound and following the transverse movements of the corresponding splicing case (4). The mobile frame (6) either follows rails on the frame (5), or rolls on this frame (5), the transverse movement being power controlled.

Abstract: A magnetic device is provided for removing magnetic gel balls or the like from a liquid to be analyzed, biological or not, and transferring them to an immunoenzymatic quantitative analysis medium, which device is of the type comprising a ferromagnetic material rod, an oblong case made from a non-magnetic material partially enveloping the rod and a circuit for electromagnetically energizing the rod. The device further comprises structure for fixing and centering the rod by clamping.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of the .beta.' form of the copper chelate of 8-hydroxyquinoline (copper oxinate), stabilized compositions containing said chelate, fungicidal compositions containing said chelate, and the methods for using said .beta.' form chelate or compositions for combatting fungi are disclosed.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of the .beta.' form of the copper chelate of 8-hydroxyquinoline (copper oxinate), stabilized compositions containing said chelate, fungicidal compositions containing said chelate, and the methods for using said .beta.' form chelate or compositions for combatting fungi are disclosed.

Abstract: New oxygenated alicyclic compounds of formula ##STR1## (X=OH, alkyl, O-alkyl) are useful as starting materials for the preparation of cyclohexadienic derivatives of formula ##STR2## (X=OH, alkyl, O-alkyl). They are converted into compounds (III) by treating them with an acidic dehydrating agent in the presence of an inert organic solvent.Compounds (I) are manufactured by reacting compounds (II) ##STR3## (X=OH, alkyl, O-alkyl) with an organic peracid.