Abstract: A system manages a machine tool operation. The system includes a cutting tool, which includes a tool body; an integrated circuit chip securely mounted within the tool body and capable of being read and written upon; and a read/write device for communicating with the integrated circuit chip. The integrated circuit chip is an RFID chip. The tool body may be a mounting chuck, adapter, twist drill, thread tap, indexable drill, milling cutter or a square shank lathe tool.

Abstract: A system manages a machine tool operation. The system includes a cutting tool, which includes a tool body; an integrated circuit chip securely mounted within the tool body and capable of being read and written upon; and a read/write device for communicating with the integrated circuit chip. The integrated circuit chip is an RFID chip. The tool body may be a mounting chuck, adapter, twist drill, thread tap, indexable drill, milling cutter or a square shank lathe tool.

Abstract: A chromium-containing coated cemented tungsten carbide cutting insert that has a substrate and a coating. The substrate comprises between about 5.7 and about 6.4 weight percent cobalt, between about 0.2 and about 0.8 weight percent chromium and the balance tungsten and carbon, and a coercive force of about 195 to 245 oersteds.

Abstract: A chromium-containing coated cemented tungsten carbide cutting insert that has a substrate and a coating. The substrate comprises between about 10.4 and about 12.7 weight percent cobalt, between about 0.2 and about 1.2 weight percent chromium.

Abstract: A coated cutting tool that has a rake face and a flank face with a cutting edge at the juncture of the rake and flanks faces, a substrate, and a coating bonded to the substrate. The coating has a coating scheme that includes a layer of a Group IVB metal-aluminum alloy applied by physical vapor deposition, and a layer of alumina applied by physical vapor deposition to the layer of the Group IVB metal-aluminum alloy.

Abstract: A method of producing a cutting insert which includes the steps of: providing a generally homogeneous powder blend of powder components; forming the powder blend into a green body wherein the green body includes a rake face and a flank face with a cutting edge at the juncture of the rake face and the flank face; honing the cutting edge of the green body; and consolidating the green body with the honed cutting edge so as to form a consolidated body with a honed cutting edge.

Abstract: A chemical composition for use in the papermaking process to produce a paper having enhanced opaqueness is provided. The process using the composition to make the paper and the paper made therefrom are also provided by the present invention. The composition contains an alkyl bis (alkyl amido alkyl)-2-hydroxy alkyl ammonium alkyl salt.

Abstract: A ceramic composition comprising a polycrystalline alumina matrix having titanium carbide whiskers distributed therein. The composition comprises 50 to 90 volume percent high purity alumina, 10 to 50 volume percent single crystal titanium carbide whiskers, and up to 3 volume percent being the residue of sintering aids.

Abstract: A ceramic composition comprising a polycrystalline alumina matrix having titanium carbide whiskers distributed therein. The composition comprises 50 to 90 volume percent high purity alumina, 10 to 50 volume percent single crystal titanium carbide whiskers, and up to 3 volume percent being the residue of sintering aids.

Abstract: A ceramic composition comprising a polycrystalline alumina matrix having titanium carbide whiskers distributed therein. The composition comprises 50 to 90 volume percent high purity alumina, 10 to 50 volume percent single crystal titanium carbide whiskers, and up to 3 volume percent being the residue of sintering aids.

Abstract: A dual phase silicon aluminum oxynitride material comprising a first phase Si-Al-O-N, commonly referred to as .beta.--Si--Al--O--N, and a second phase Si-Al-O-N referred to as .alpha.--Si--Al--O--N. In addition to the double phase Si-Al-O-Ns, there is included a glassy type material which can formulate up to ten percent by weight of the total composition. The material may be manufactured by forming a polytype material made from reacted alumina, aluminum nitride and silicon nitride. The polytype material may be mixed with further powders of silicon nitride and an oxide of yttrium, lithium or calcium and finally reacted to a double phase Si-Al-O-N material where hardness is increased by the additional .alpha.-Si-Al-O-N is increased significantly affecting its strength.The material may be formed in situ by mixing aluminum nitride, alumina, silicon nitride, together with an oxide of yttrium, lithium or calcium. These materials can then be sintered to a final product containing a double phase Si-Al-O-N.

Abstract: A dual phase silicon aluminum oxynitride material comprising a first phase Si-Al-O-N, commonly referred to as .beta.-Si-Al-O-N, and a second phase Si-Al-O-N referred to as .alpha.-Si-Al-O-N. In addition to the double phase Si-Al-O-Ns, there is included a glassy type material which can formulate up to ten percent by weight of the total composition. The material may be manufactured by forming a polytype material made from reacted alumina, aluminum nitride and silicon nitride. The polytype material may be mixed with further powders of silicon nitride and an oxide of yttrium, lithium or calcium and finally reacted to a double phase Si-Al-O-N material where hardness is increased as the additional .alpha.-Si-Al-O-N is increased without significantly affecting its strength.The material may be formed in situ by mixing aluminum nitride, alumina, silicon nitride, together with an oxide of yttrium, lithium or calcium. These materials can then be sintered to a final product containing a double phase Si-Al-O-N.

Abstract: A cutting tool tip is formed at least at a cutting edge of the tip from a ceramic product consisting essentially of at least 75% by volume of a single phase compound having an expanded .beta.-phase silicon nitride lattice and having the general formula Si.sub.6-z Al.sub.z N.sub.8-z O.sub.z, where O<z.ltoreq.5, together with a second phase containing a metal from the list yttrium, lanthanum, cerium and scandium, or other rare earth metal.

Abstract: A reaction bonded silicon carbide body in which there is included in the free silicon phase of the body to modify the electrical resistivity of the body, at least one of the Group III elements boron and indium or at least one of the Group V elements antimony and tantalum. The element may be added in compound form and may be included in the green body prior to reaction bonding or in the silicon with which it is reaction bonded.

Abstract: A method of producing a ceramic product which comprises the step of forming a powder mixture consisting essentially of a first component consisting of compounds containing the elements silicon, aluminum, oxygen and nitrogen in proportion such that the ratio of the total number of silicon and aluminum atoms to the total number of oxygen and nitrogen atoms lies in the range 0.735 to 0.77 and such that said compounds react together during the subsequent sintering process to produce a single phase ceramic material obeying the general formula:Si.sub.6-z Al.sub.z O.sub.z N.sub.8-zwhere z is between 0.38 and 1.5, and between 0.1 and 10% by weight of a second component in the form of an oxide of at least one of the further elements yttrium, scandium, cerium, lanthanum and the metals of the lanthanide series. The mixture is then sintered in a protective environment at a temperature between 1600.degree. C and 2000.degree.

Abstract: In a method of forming a ceramic material of the kind including at least 90% by weight of a single phase silicon aluminium oxynitride which has a crystal structure based on .beta. silicon nitride but of increased unit cell dimensions and which obeys the general formula:Si.sub.6-z Al.sub.z N.sub.8-z O.sub.zwhere z is greater than 0 and less than or equal to 5, a ceramic intermediary is produced which contains a silicon aluminium oxynitride which obeys a different formula from said general formula. The intermediary is then heated in powder form at a temperature between 1200.degree. C and 2000.degree. C in a protective environment with at least one compound containing two or more of the elements silicon, aluminium, oxygen and nitrogen, the composition of said intermediary and the amount of said at least one compound being such that said intermediary is converted at said temperature into said ceramic material.

Abstract: In a method of forming a sintered, ceramic product, aluminium nitride is reacted with silica at a temperature of between 1200.degree. and 2000.degree. C to form a single phase silicon aluminium oxynitride ceramic material, the reaction mixture at said temperature containing not more than 60% by weight of the aluminium nitride and also containing first and second metal oxides other than silica. The metal oxides are arranged so that they do not introduce into the mixture a combination of magnesium oxide and alumina alone and further are arranged so that during the reaction they combine with part of said silica to form a silicate glass having a liquidus temperature below that of the silicate glass which would be formed from silica with either of said metal oxides alone. The silicate glass formed then aids densification of the ceramic material during sintering.