Abstract: Detecting whether an article has been loaded or unloaded for example from a ship by tracking the movements of a transducer such as an RFID tag attached to the article in space, and comparing the tracked movements with a trajectory envelope characterizing the movements associated with a load or unload action, and in the case where the movements of the article are found to comply with the trajectory envelope, registering the article as present in the predetermined volume.

Abstract: An identifier device, which may be part of a tracking or similar transponder device, which can be removably coupled to an article to be identified or tracked. Data representing the identity of the article is encoded in the form of a pattern, and can be read by the identifier device when correctly engaged to the article, by sampling the pattern so as to extract the data encoded therein for transmission. The pattern may be a relief pattern, for example in the form of bumps and pits such as a Braille pattern, or magnetic domains, or the like.

Abstract: The invention relates to novel surfactant compounds and the use thereof for preparing metastable supramolecular systems or nanoparticles. Said nanoparticles may be used as vectors for active ingredients, in particular therapeutic active ingredients.

Abstract: Novel ampiphilic fluorocarbon molecules applicable as vectors for active ingredients, active molecules comprising such a vector and the use thereof in the pharmaceutical field, particularly for the production of medicaments.

Abstract: Novel compounds, derivatives of ?-C-phenylN-tert-butyl nitrone, a method for production and use thereof for the preparation of medicaments for the prevention or treatment of diseases related to oxidative stress.

Abstract: An adaptive apparatus and method for managing a playout buffer (POB) in an edge node of a packet-based data communications network, such as an ATM network, in order to reduce the end-to-end communication delay introduced thereby and to allow the POB filling level to be corrected in the event of clock speed differences. A monitoring mechanism determines if the minimum filling level of the playout buffer over a time period whereby the average filling level of the playout buffer is reduced according to the minimum filling level of the playout buffer over the time period.

Abstract: The invention concerns a linear or crosslinked polymer, characterized in that it is obtainable either by copolymerizing N-[2-hydroxy-1,1-bis(hydroxymethyl)-ethyl]-propenamide, or by copolymerizing N-[2-hydroxy-1,1-bis(hydroxymethyl)ethyl][-propenamide with one or several monomers selected among cationic monomers, monomers comprising at least a strong acid function, partly salified or completely salified, monomers comprising at least a weak acid function, partly salified or completely salified or neutral monomers. The invention also concerns inverse latex or microlatex containing such a polymer. The invention further concerns the uses of said polymer in cosmetic or pharmaceutical compositions, as thickening agents in industrial or household detergents, as additives for assisted recovery of oil, as rheology modifier for drilling fluid or as flocculants for water treatment.

Abstract: New fluorinated derivatives useful as surfactants or in the transport of drug or markers, or in drug targeting, and preparations containing the derivatives, for medical, cosmetic and veterinary uses, having the formula: wherein RF is a fluorinated radical, X is a linear or branched alkylene, R1 is H or CH3, R2 is a radical having at least one OH group, R3 is a radical derived from an amino acid or a peptide, 1≦n≦50 and 0≦m≦200 with 0.2≦n/n+m≦1. These derivatives can be used as prodrugs or in formulating pharmaceutical, cosmetic and veterinary preparations, in biology and medicine, notably in compositions acting as carriers of oxygen and other gases, of contrast agents, or as carriers of substances used in therapy, or as carriers of markers.

Abstract: New fluorinated derivatives useful as surfactants or in the transport of drug or markers, or in drug targeting, and preparations containing the derivatives, for medical, cosmetic and veterinary uses, having the formula: 1

Abstract: Repetitive packets in a voice/data stream, are detected and suppressed in the transmitting side of a network, after a predefined number of consecutive repetitive packets have been transmitted. Then, at the receiving side of the network, suppressed repetitive packets are reconstituted by filling the resulting gap in the voice/data stream with the repetitive pattern contained in the last received repetitive packet. When the input voice/data stream is compressed, only non-repetitive packets are compressed so that repetitive patterns are not corrupted by compression.

Abstract: A system for coding voice signal to optimize bandwidth occupation in a High Speed Packet Switching network while ensuring best voice transmission quality.The voice signal is first encoded using a conventional GSM like RPE/LTP coder providing first sub-frames of coded signal and tagging these first sub-frames as being non-discardable. In addition, a convenient difference between an RPE/LTP provided signal and a corresponding synthesized image is performed (see 36) and is also block encoded into second sub-frames which second sub-frames are tagged as being discardable sub-frames. Said second sub-frames when concatenated to corresponding first sub-frames provide so-called multirate frames. Then, when transmitting said multirate frames over the High Speed packet switching network, dropping discardable tagged data enables solution network congestion situations in any network node and at random with no significant disturbing effect over the voice communication operation.

Abstract: A method and an apparatus for reducing the jitter and end-to-end delay on lines of a packet switching network conveying voice or video digitalized data for one or more connections between a local source and a remote source at a constant bit rate.The method and apparatus of the invention are for use in a voice or video processor of a voice or video processing server of a network node; the method and the apparatus provide a way of controlling the remote traffic rate from the remote source before accessing the processor without using an external clocking such as the network clock.The solution proposed by the invention consists in buffering the remote and local traffics to adapt the remote traffic rate to the local traffic rate, which is supposed having a limited jitter, while sequencing of the access of the buffered data to the processor.

Abstract: A data processing method for efficiently transporting multimedia data packets of fixed and/or variable length over an Assynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM) network made to transport fixed length ATM cells including a fixed length user data payload and a fixed length ATM header. The data processing method includes concatenating said fixed and/or variable length user data and appending said concatenated data with a so-called trailer defining the various concatenated user data lengths and identifications, for being further split into ATM cells payloads before being transmitted over said ATM network.

Abstract: This invention deals with a method and system for dynamically adjusting the communication bandwidth assigned to an audio channel connection in a high speed digital network. More particularly, the invention is made to track the activity of a voice assigned connection (e.g. a PBX or PABX entry to the network), define a so-called activity bit for each block of audio channel signal and then dynamically adjust the assigned network communication bandwidth accordingly. Adjustment of the communication bandwidth is accomplished by integrating the audio channel activity bits through a predefined integration function, the result of which is then compared against predefined threshold values in order to determine an appropriate bandwidth setting for the audio channel.

Abstract: A method and an apparatus for removing the silence from the digitalized voice signals conveyed through packets or cells switching networks. The silence samples are neither packetized nor sent over the network but are regenerated at the output of the network. The silence samples generated are white noise samples, where the level is adapted to the background noise of the silence samples received at the input node of the network. For long periods of silence, the white noise level is periodically refreshed to be adapted to the last silence samples received at the input node of the network. The method provides also a control of packet or cell loss. The method uses are not control packets; in the later case, it can be used for ATM networks with AAL1. The method is implemented as a program executed in a Digital Signal Processor located on adapter cards dedicated to voice processing in the network access nodes.

Abstract: New fluorinated derivatives useful as surfactants or in the transport of drug or markers, or in drug targeting, and preparations containing the derivatives, for medical, cosmetic and veterinary uses, having the formula: ##STR1## wherein R.sub.F is a fluorinated radical, X is a linear or branched alkylene, R.sup.1 is H or CH.sub.3, R.sup.2 is a radical having at least one OH group, R.sup.3 is a radical derived from an amino acid or a peptide, 1.ltoreq.n.ltoreq.50 and 0.ltoreq.m.ltoreq.200 with 0.2.ltoreq.n/n+m.ltoreq.1.These derivatives can be used as prodrugs or in formulating pharmaceutical, cosmetic and veterinary preparations, in biology and medicine, notably in compositions acting as carriers of oxygen and other gases, of contrast agents, or as carriers of substances used in therapy, or as carriers of markers.

Abstract: Fluorinated derivatives useful as surfactants or in the transport of drug or markers, or in drug targeting, and preparations containing the derivatives, for medical, cosmetic and veterinary uses, having the formula: ##STR1## wherein R.sub.F is a fluorinated radical, X is a linear or branched alkylene, R.sup.1 is H or CH.sub.3, R.sup.2 is a radical having at least one OH group, R.sup.3 is a radical derived from an amino acid or a peptide, 1.ltoreq.n.ltoreq.50 and 0.ltoreq.m.ltoreq.200 with 0.2.ltoreq.n/n+m.ltoreq.1.These derivatives can be used as prodrugs or in formulating pharmaceutical, cosmetic and veterinary preparations, in biology and medicine, notably in compositions acting as carriers of oxygen and other gases, of contrast agents, or as carriers of substances used in therapy, or as carriers of markers.

Abstract: Amphiphilic derivatives of amino acids or peptides are provided, comprising a polyhydroxylated hydrophilic part derived from a sugar, from a polyol, from an aminopolyol or from an oligosaccharide, and at least one hydrophobic part derived from a hydrocarbon, fluorocarbon, or a mixed fluorocarbon/hydrocarbon, saturated or unsaturated, having from 5 to 20 carbon atoms, the hydrophobic part(s) being linked to the hydrophilic part by a junction bearing an amino acid or a peptide.

Abstract: Amphiphilic derivatives of amino acids or peptides are provided, comprising a polyhydroxylated hydrophilic part derived from a sugar, from a polyol, from an aminopolyol or from an oligosaccharide, and at least one hydrophobic part derived from a hydrocarbon, fluorocarbon, or a mixed fluorocarbon/hydrocarbon, saturated or unsaturated, having from 5 to 20 carbon atoms, the hydrophobic part(s) being linked to the hydrophilic part by a junction bearing an amino acid or a peptide.

Abstract: New fluorinated derivatives useful as surfactants or in the transport of drug or markers, or in drug targeting, and preparations containing the derivatives, for medical, cosmetic and veterinary uses, having the formula: ##STR1## wherein R.sub.F is a fluorinated radical, X is a linear or branched alkylene, R.sup.1 is H or CH.sub.3, R.sup.2 is a radical having at least one OH group, R.sup.3 is a radical derived from an amino acid or a peptide, 1.ltoreq.n.ltoreq.50 and 0.ltoreq.m.ltoreq.200 with 0.2.ltoreq.n/n+m.ltoreq.1.These derivatives can be used as prodrugs or in formulating pharmaceutical, cosmetic and veterinary preparations, in biology and medicine, notably in compositions acting as carriers of oxygen and other gases, of contrast agents, or as carriers of substances used in therapy, or as carriers of markers.