Abstract: The invention relates to a simulator for training in arthroscopic surgery on a joint of a simulated patient, comprising: a data processing unit (1); viewing means (2) for viewing the simulation exercise; a working platform (12); a human anatomy model (9) with arthroscopic portals (3) through which the user inserts the simulated arthroscopic instrument (10); two haptic devices (5a, 5b) arranged around the model (9) with a mobile member (6a, 6b), the end of which is provided with a guide (8a, 8b) for guiding the instrument that is inserted into the arthroscopic portals (3) during a simulated surgical procedure, each haptic device (5a, 5b) including means for synchronization with the control unit (1) and means for determining the position and orientation of the mobile members (6a, 6b); and a simulated arthroscopic camera (7). The data processing unit (1) is configured to send simulated images, as would be seen in a real operation, from the arthroscopic camera (7) to the viewing means (2) in real time.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to an articulated knee for arthroscopy simulation that allows true-to-life training. The articulated knee includes an articulation mechanism provided with a framework for coupling to a simulator, and angular and lateral articulation means, traction means and means for quantifying these movements, as well as means that allow force feedback, not only in the movements achieved along each of the axes of rotation and traction of the knee but also the movements achieved by the rods connected to the haptic devices, which are introduced through the entry portals, simulating the surgical instrument.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to an articulated knee for arthroscopy simulation that allows true-to-life training. The articulated knee includes an articulation mechanism provided with a framework for coupling to a simulator, and angular and lateral articulation means, traction means and means for quantifying these movements, as well as means that allow force feedback, not only in the movements achieved along each of the axes of rotation and traction of the knee but also the movements achieved by the rods connected to the haptic devices, which are introduced through the entry portals, simulating the surgical instrument.

Abstract: The invention relates to a simulator for training in arthroscopic surgery on a joint of a simulated patient, comprising: a data processing unit (1); viewing means (2) for viewing the simulation exercise; a working platform (12); a human anatomy model (9) with arthroscopic portals (3) through which the user inserts the simulated arthroscopic instrument (10); two haptic devices (5a, 5b) arranged around the model (9) with a mobile member (6a, 6b), the end of which is provided with a guide (8a, 8b) for guiding the instrument that is inserted into the arthroscopic portals (3) during a simulated surgical procedure, each haptic device (5a, 5b) including means for synchronization with the control unit (1) and means for determining the position and orientation of the mobile members (6a, 6b); and a simulated arthroscopic camera (7). The data processing unit (1) is configured to send simulated images, as would be seen in a real operation, from the arthroscopic camera (7) to the viewing means (2) in real time.

Abstract: A viewer for slot machines has a dihedral support (7) equipped with a large circular window (8) extended through the faces of the support (7), for the display of a disc (1) of flexible transparent or translucid plastic provided along its circumference with an alignment of images (2). The disc (1) is retained by the support (7) across its circumference and, in one embodiment, permanently maintains a dihedral configuration, showing an observer an alignment of images (2) according to a circumferential arc of variable amplitude according to the level of concealment of the front face of the assembly. In another embodiment, the disc is supported by two bracings so as to assume a “U”-shaped configuration, with two semicircular sectors and one intermediate sector.