Abstract: The invention relates to an explosion-protected housing for means for transmitting and/or receiving electromagnetic radiation. The housing comprises a housing body that is configured to receive such transmission and/or reception means and a window element having a first side that faces the housing interior and an opposite second side that faces away from the housing interior, wherein the window element transmits electromagnetic radiation. The housing body has a flanging on the second side of the window element, said flanging pressing the window element in the direction of a seat that is formed in the interior of the housing such that the housing is formed as a pressure-resistant housing and/or as a dust-tight housing.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for operating a charging device for charging an electric energy storage device from a first charge state to a second charge state. The first charge state is lower than the second charge state, and the charging device is connected to an interface. The charging device communicates with the energy storage device and ascertains the charge state thereof. In an additional step, the charging device obtains the efficiency characteristic field of the electric energy storage device and the efficiency characteristic field of the charging device. The invention relates to a method for operating a charging device for charging an electric energy storage device from a first charge state to a second charge state. The first charge state is lower than the second charge state, and the charging device is connected to an interface. The charging device communicates with the energy storage device and ascertains the charge state thereof.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for operating a multiphase electrical machine (2) in the event of a fault, wherein the electrical machine (2) is driven with the aid of a driver circuit (3), wherein the driver circuit (3) has half-bridge circuits (31), each associated with a phase (U, V, W), and bridge paths (32) for connecting or disconnecting predetermined voltage potentials to/from the respective phases (U, V, W) of the electrical machine (2), wherein one or more of the bridge paths (32) are operated according to a first fault operating mode if a fault is detected, wherein, in the first fault operating mode, the one or more bridge paths (32) are controlled in such a manner that said paths connect a first of the predetermined voltage potentials to the phase (U, V, W) via a predetermined electrical resistor.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for operating a charging device for charging an electric energy storage device from a first charge state to a second charge state. The first charge state is lower than the second charge state, and the charging device is connected to an interface. The charging device communicates with the energy storage device and ascertains the charge state thereof. In an additional step, the charging device obtains the efficiency characteristic field of the electric energy storage device and the efficiency characteristic field of the charging device. The invention relates to a method for operating a charging device for charging an electric energy storage device from a first charge state to a second charge state. The first charge state is lower than the second charge state, and the charging device is connected to an interface. The charging device communicates with the energy storage device and ascertains the charge state thereof.

Abstract: The invention relates to a multi-stage charging device for a battery of a battery operated electrical motor. The multistage charging device comprises a buck converter, an intermediate circuit and a boost converter in order to generate a suitable direct charging current from a (one or three-phase) alternating current provided by a power connection. According to the invention, components of the electrical drive are used for the boost converter and the intermediate circuit: the electrical motor functions as an intermediate circuit and the drive converter functions as a boost converter. According to the invention, the coupling of the electrical motor to the network-side buck converter occurs so that at least half the charging current flows through at least one of the at least three coils of the electrical drive. The invention further relates to a corresponding method and to a corresponding use of the drive components.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for operating a multiphase electrical machine (2) in the event of a fault, wherein the electrical machine (2) is driven with the aid of a driver circuit (3), wherein the driver circuit (3) has half-bridge circuits (31), each associated with a phase (U, V, W), and bridge paths (32) for connecting or disconnecting predetermined voltage potentials to/from the respective phases (U, V, W) of the electrical machine (2), wherein one or more of the bridge paths (32) are operated according to a first fault operating mode if a fault is detected, wherein, in the first fault operating mode, the one or more bridge paths (32) are controlled in such a manner that said paths connect a first of the predetermined voltage potentials to the phase (U, V, W) via a predetermined electrical resistor.

Abstract: The invention relates to a multi-stage charging device for a battery of a battery operated electrical motor. The multistage charging device comprises a buck converter, an intermediate circuit and a boost converter in order to generate a suitable direct charging current from a (one or three-phase) alternating current provided by a power connection. According to the invention, components of the electrical drive are used for the boost converter and the intermediate circuit: the electrical motor functions as an intermediate circuit and the drive converter functions as a boost converter. According to the invention, the coupling of the electrical motor to the network-side buck converter occurs so that at least half the charging current flows through at least one of the at least three coils of the electrical drive. The invention further relates to a corresponding method and to a corresponding use of the drive components.

Abstract: Methods and associated devices are described for discharging the high-voltage network, particularly a DC voltage intermediate circuit, in which for discharging the capacitors of the high-voltage network, switching devices are used that lie between the capacitors and at least one precharging resistor and a high-voltage battery, and the switching devices are switches having a specifiable positioning of the switching contacts or switching units or relays or contactors, which are switchable with the aid of a control device. The operation of the switching units takes place in such a way that the at least one precharging resistor is used simultaneously for charging and discharging the DC voltage intermediate circuit.

Abstract: Methods and associated devices are described for discharging the high-voltage network, particularly a DC voltage intermediate circuit, in which for discharging the capacitors of the high-voltage network, switching devices are used that lie between the capacitors and at least one precharging resistor and a high-voltage battery, and the switching devices are switches having a specifiable positioning of the switching contacts or switching units or relays or contactors, which are switchable with the aid of a control device. The operation of the switching units takes place in such a way that the at least one precharging resistor is used simultaneously for charging and discharging the DC voltage intermediate circuit.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for optimizing the consumption of a hybrid drive, especially a hybrid drive for a motor vehicle comprising an internal combustion engine provided with a plurality of cylinders and at least one electric engine, the internal combustion engine and the electric engine being operated in parallel in the hybrid mode. According to the invention, at least one cylinder is disconnected in the partial load range of the internal combustion engine, a variation in the internal combustion engine power and/or the internal combustion engine power requirement being at least partially compensated by the electric engine.

Abstract: A step-down constant-current transformer including a controllable switch downstream from the one input and connected in series to a choke, a capacitor connected in parallel at the output, and upstream from the choke, a second controllable switch in parallel. Both controlled switches are MOSFET transistors. A control unit, in particular a pulse-width control unit, is provided for the MOSFET transistors. The voltage across the parallel-connected MOSFET transistor is monitored to determine whether a reverse current, i.e., a current flowing through the choke from the output in the direction of the input of the constant-current transformer, or an electric potential at the center tap of the half-bridge formed by the two MOSFET transistors is detected. For this purpose, a comparator and an AND circuit are provided, which, in the event of such a reverse current, block the parallel-connected MOSFET transistor to prevent the reverse current.

Abstract: The invention relates to a device for generating a regulating signal for a direct voltage converter. The device has a voltage regulator and a current regulator at whose output the regulating signal can be tapped. Between the voltage regulator and the current regulator, a limiter is provided, which serves to limit the output signal of the voltage regulator. The limiter has an input connection which can be used to supply it with a predeterminable limit value signal for the current reference value.

Abstract: Apparatuses and methods are disclosed for controlled parallel operation of direct current converters, particularly in a multi voltage vehicle electrical system, with two voltage ranges (U1) and (U2). The parallel-connected voltage converters are disposed between the voltage ranges; in this connection, only one of the voltage converters is embodied as an active voltage regulator that functions all the time. The other (n−1) converters function either in full load operation or no load operation depending on the required power demand.

Abstract: A method for regulating a generator is described in which the rectified output voltage furnished by the generator is converted, under certain preconditions, with the aid of a direct voltage converter. The generator can be operated either in a free operating mode or a regulated operating mode. If the generator voltage output in the particular operating state is not equivalent to the on-board electrical voltage, then the generator voltage is either raised or lowered with the aid of the voltage converter. The selection of the generator operating mode is done as a function of rpm or voltage, in such a way that the available generator power or energy conversion efficiency is as high as possible.

Abstract: A data transfer device for unidirectional serial data transfer from a transmitting device to a receiving device, in particular from a microcontroller to an output stage IC of a motor vehicle control unit. The data transfer device includes a P/S converter provided in the transmitting device for converting a parallel data stream made available in the transmitting device into a serial data stream with transfer frames of a predefined format and for transmitting the serial data stream to the receiving device over a data transfer channel. The data transfer device also includes an S/P converter provided in the receiving device for converting the transmitted serial data stream back into a parallel data stream, and a clock signal generating device for generating a clock signal and for sending the clock signal to the P/S converter and the S/P converter to perform the conversion operations continuously and in-phase.

Abstract: The analyzer circuit includes a first oscillator producing an output signal having a first frequency depending on an inductance of an inductive position sensor having two oscillator coils positioned near a movable part; a switching device in the first oscillator for alternatingly connecting one of the two coils and simultaneously disconnecting the other according to a state of the switching device; a frequency divider for converting the output signal at the first frequency to another output signal at another frequency; a counter for counting a pulse signal under control of the other output signal of the frequency divider; a second oscillator connected to the counter and providing input pulses at a fixed frequency to the counter, which counts the input pulses under control of the other output signal of the frequency divider; a start synchronizing circuit for starting and synchronizing the divider and the counter; a flip-flop connected to the frequency divider and to the switching device to switch the state of

Abstract: A known shock absorber including a throttle cross section of a throttle passage which is electrically variable via a magnet, to adjust damping of fluid between separate work chambers. If the magnet has no current in the event of an electrical defect, then the throttle cross section of the throttle passage attains its minimum opening, and maximum damping is attained the shock absorber includes a different further throttle passage which is uncovered in the event of an electrical defect. As a result, in the event of an electrical defect an arbitrarily preselectable, preferably approximately average damping is brought about by the further throttle passage.

Abstract: The invention relates to an electric control arrangement for generating analog manipulated variables, having at least one basic controller circuit having a particular controller structure. The transfer function of the basic controller circuit, which is determined by the controller structure, is established with respect to magnitude by means of controller parameters and is supplied with an analog control-difference signal formed from desired value and actual value. A digital adjusting arrangement is provided for simple adaptation to the particular controlling task with the least possible complexity as to computation. The digital adjusting arrangement 34, on the basis of digital input quantities, selects at least one basic controller circuit 12 having a particular controller structure from several basic controller circuits 12 and switches this basic controller circuit 12 into the analog control loop and/or allows a variation of the controller parameters.