Abstract: A laser apparatus with power monitoring includes a laser source to generate a laser beam, a photodetector to monitor a power of the laser beam, and a transmissive, lens-based sampling device positioned in a beam path of the laser beam. The sampling device includes a partially reflective curved surface generate and focus a partial reflection of the laser beam. The partially reflective curved surface is oriented to direct the partial reflection toward the photodetector. Integration of beam-extraction and focusing functionalities into a single optical element reduces the overall size and complexity of the power monitoring system. The lens-based sampling device may have little or no optical power for the transmitted laser beam, such that the lens-based sampling device can be implemented in an existing laser apparatus without need for further alteration of the optical configuration of the laser apparatus.

Abstract: A laser system for generating a segmented line beam includes a laser module emitting an input laser beam, and a one-dimensional array of prisms, or mirrors, that splits the input laser beam into a respective plurality of output laser beams propagating in a common plane but diverging from each other, in the common plane, when propagating away from the array of prisms. A field lens, or mirror, projects the output laser beams onto a target plane to form a segmented line beam at the target plane. The laser system is energy efficient by splitting rather than masking the input laser beam. The laser system is capable of achieving superior segment-to-segment consistency and can be configured to produce each segment with a top-hat intensity distribution. Furthermore, the laser system can be reconfigured with relative ease to meet different requirements in terms of segment length and width as well as segment-to-segment spacings.

Abstract: A multiflow pump for fluids, having an electromagnetic translator drive, a displacement piston unit, a pump head, and at least one outlet valve device. The displacement piston contains a bearing journal with a spring receptacle, a carrier plate, and a plurality of pump pistons, wherein the displacement piston unit is configured in one piece.

Abstract: A multiflow pump for fluids, having an electromagnetic translatory drive, a displacement piston unit, a pump head, and at least one outlet valve device. According to the teachings, there is provision that the displacement piston contains a bearing journal with a spring receptacle, a carrier plate, and a plurality of pump pistons, wherein the displacement piston unit is configured in one piece.

Abstract: The disclosure relates to a railway vehicle component group for generating an electronic life history of a machine component. The railway vehicle component group includes a machine component having a storage unit arranged in or on the machine component, and at least one control unit suitable for bidirectional communication with the machine component, wherein operating data is configured to be generated in the control unit. The storage unit is suitable at least for bidirectional communication with the control unit, wherein a storage of the operating data generated via the control unit is provided during the operation of the machine component by at least the bidirectional communication in order to generate an electronic life history of the machine component. The storage unit also has an electronic type label of the machine component. The disclosure also relates to a method for generating a life history of a machine component, as well as a service method for maintenance.

Abstract: The disclosure relates to a railway vehicle component group for generating an electronic life history of a machine component. The railway vehicle component group includes a machine component having a storage unit arranged in or on the machine component, and at least one control unit suitable for bidirectional communication with the machine component, wherein operating data is configured to be generated in the control unit. The storage unit is suitable at least for bidirectional communication with the control unit, wherein a storage of the operating data generated via the control unit is provided during the operation of the machine component by at least the bidirectional communication in order to generate an electronic life history of the machine component. The storage unit also has an electronic type label of the machine component. The disclosure also relates to a method for generating a life history of a machine component, as well as a service method for maintenance.

Abstract: A power electronic device is disclosed. The power electronic device may include a housing, a conductive element positioned within the housing and rated for at least a medium voltage, a cooling system in fluid communication with the conductive element, a plurality of temperature sensing tags and a data collection unit having a receiver that is configured to receive signals from the antennae of the temperature sensing tags. The cooling system may have a plurality of outlet conduit elements that are positioned within the housing. Each of the tags may be attached to one of the outlet conduits and may include a power supply, a temperature sensor, and an antenna.

Abstract: A power electronic device is disclosed. The power electronic device may include a housing, a conductive element positioned within the housing and rated for at least a medium voltage, a cooling system in fluid communication with the conductive element, a plurality of temperature sensing tags and a data collection unit having a receiver that is configured to receive signals from the antennae of the temperature sensing tags. The cooling system may have a plurality of outlet conduit elements that are positioned within the housing. Each of the tags may be attached to one of the outlet conduits and may include a power supply, a temperature sensor, and an antenna.

Abstract: A tube holder for a tube filling machine includes a cup-shaped housing having a tube receptacle that opens towards the top and into which one end area of a tube can be inserted. At least one vertical groove is formed in the area of the inner wall of the tube receptacle into which a clamping element is inserted, wherein the clamping element can be radially displaced substantially perpendicularly to the longitudinal central axis of the tube receptacle and is pivotably disposed about a pivot axis that extends substantially tangentially relative to the inner wall of the tube receptacle. A clamping force that acts radially from the outside onto the inserted tube can be applied by the clamping element under the action of upper and lower spring elements. The pivot axis is thereby formed on a pivot bearing which permits radial displacement of the pivot axis.

Abstract: A current source inverter is disclosed, comprising: means for operating the inverter in fundamental frequency unregulated operation, means for operating the inverter in clocked voltage regulated operation, means for recording parameters from which conclusions can be drawn at an instantaneous operating point and/or at an instantaneous network condition, means for determining an appropriate operating condition from the recorded parameters and means for uninterrupted switching of the operation of the inverter to the operating condition as determined from the recorded parameters and a method for uninterrupted switching of such a current source inverter.

Abstract: In a method for operating a spark-ignition internal combustion engine with direct fuel injection in the post-start phase at low temperatures, fuel is supplied to the combustion air in a pilot injection (MH) of a first fuel quantity during an intake stroke of the internal combustion engine such that the pilot injection (MH) forms a homogeneous, lean air/fuel mixture (?>1) in substantially the entire combustion chamber, and a main injection (MS) of a second fuel quantity is subsequently injected into the combustion chamber during a compression stroke directly before the ignition time (ZT), said main injection (MS) forming in the region of the spark plug a stratified, rich air/fuel mixture (?<1), which is then ignited by the spark plug.

Abstract: In a method of operating an internal combustion engine with direct fuel injection such that, in the engine startup period, a three-way catalytic converter disposed in the engine exhaust system is rapidly heated to a working temperature, in that a fuel quantity which is injected is injected in two separate injection steps with the first fuel volume being injected during the intake stroke and the second fuel volume being injected during the expansion stroke so as to form immediately before the ignition instant a rich stratified charge cloud in the region of the spark plug thereby ensuring reliable ignition of the stratified cloud while, overall, achieving a lean fuel/air mix in the combustion chamber.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for preparing alkylchlorosilanes from the liquid constituents of the residues from the direct synthesis of alkylchlorosilanes which have a boiling point of above 70° C. at 1013 hPa and comprise disilanes, in which the residues are heated with hydrogen chloride and silicon at temperatures of at least 300° C., with at least 10% by weight of trichlorosilane and/or tetrachlorosilane, based on the weight of the alkylchlorosilanes formed, being formed at the same time.