Abstract: A method for producing microelectronic components including a carrier and at least one microelectronic functional layer system applied to the carrier includes: forming a functional layer system on a front side of a growth substrate; arranging a layer-shaped carrier on a side of the functional layer system opposite to the growth substrate to form an arrangement including the carrier, the functional layer system, and the growth substrate; radiating in laser radiation from a rear side of the growth substrate through the growth substrate such that the laser radiation, in a boundary area between the growth substrate and the functional layer system, weakens or destroys a connection between the growth substrate and the functional layer system in the boundary area in locally bounded areas or comprehensively; and transferring the functional layer system or parts thereof onto the carrier to form a microelectronic component.

Abstract: A method for fabricating an xMR magnetic field sensor with at least one xMR sensor element from a workpiece containing an xMR multilayer system, including a magnetically hard reference layer with a reference magnetization direction. The method involves a programming operation to set or modify the reference magnetization direction in a sensor region by locally heating the reference layer beyond a threshold temperature using laser radiation, exposing the heated region to an external magnetic field to set the reference magnetization direction, and subsequently cooling the region. The laser processing operation employs a mask projection technique, where a mask with at least one aperture is irradiated with laser pulses, and the fully illuminated aperture region is imaged onto the processing plane using an imaging lens.

Abstract: In a method for producing a permanent mark in an optical element which consists essentially of a material that is transparent in the visible spectral region, a marking region of the optical element is irradiated with laser radiation in order to generate local, near-surface material changes in such a way that a mark of prescribed shape and size is generated. The laser radiation has an operating wavelength ? from the wavelength region between 1.1 ?m and 9.2 ?m. A thulium-doped fiber laser is preferably used as laser radiation source. The operating wavelength is selected in dependence from the material of the optical element such that the material exhibits a partial absorption with a transmittance between 60% and 98%. The method can be used, in particular, to provide spectacle lenses, contact lenses or intraocular lenses with marks.

Abstract: In a method for producing a permanent mark in an optical element which consists essentially of a material that is transparent in the visible spectral region, a marking region of the optical element is irradiated with laser radiation in order to generate local, near-surface material changes in such a way that a mark of prescribed shape and size is generated. The laser radiation has an operating wavelength ? from the wavelength region between 1.1 ?m and 9.2 ?m. A thulium-doped fibre laser is preferably used as laser radiation source. The operating wavelength is selected in dependence from the material of the optical element such that the material exhibits a partial absorption with a transmittance between 60% and 98%. The method can be used, in particular, to provide spectacle lenses, contact lenses or intraocular lenses with marks.

Abstract: The invention relates to a pole terminal for producing an electrical connection. Said pole terminal comprises a metallic conductive body which is surrounded by an insulating body which can be fixed to the housing of an electrical appliance, and on which a tensioning nut can be screwed, said tensioning nut clamping the electrical conductor to be connected against the conductive body, establishing an electrical contact. The aim of the invention is to improve one such pole terminal in such a way that the conductive body can be produced from a material which is highly conductive, such as silver or copper. To this end, the conductive body is produced from a material exhibiting higher conductivity, by means of noncutting deformation, and is connected to the surrounding insulating body to form a composite body. Preferably, the conductive body is embodied as a stamped part which is machined by bending strain.