Abstract: Disclosed is a composition comprising a charged particle of volume 5 nm3 to 50 million nm3 preferably having an inorganic core of SiO2, AI2O3, and/or TiO2, or a core essentially consisting of an organic pigment and/or pigment derivative, and a counter ion which is separable from the particle and is not covalently linked to the particle, said counter ion comprising a silicon atom which is directly bound to a carbon atom. Preferably, said charged particle comprises a dye attached to said inorganic core and said counter ion comprises a (poly)siloxane moiety linked via suitable bridge members to a quaternary, positively charged, nitrogen or phosphorus atom, or to a moiety carrying an anionic functional group. Said composition may be used e.g. in the form of a homogenous dispersion in an electrophoretic display.

Abstract: This invention relates to electroluminescent metal complexes of the formula (I) wherein the ring A, represents an optionally substituted aryl group which can optionally contain heteroatoms, the ring B, represents an optionally substituted nitrogen containing aryl group, which can optionally contain further heteroatoms, or the ring A may be taken with the ring B binding to the ring A to form a ring; the group C, represents an acyclic carbene, or a cyclic carbene (ring C), which can optionally contain heteroatoms, the ring D, represents an optionally substituted aryl group which can optionally contain heteroatoms, n1 is an integer of 1 to 3, m1 is an integer of 0, 1 or 2, m2 is an integer 0 or 1, M1 is a metal with an atomic weight of greater than 40, L3 is a monodentate ligand or a bidentate ligand, Y is —C(?O)— or —C(X1)2—, wherein X1 is hydrogen or C1-4alkyl, especially hydrogen and y is 0 or 1, especially 0; a process for their preparation, electronic devices comprising the me

Abstract: This invention relates to electroluminescent metal complexes of the formula (I), wherein the ring A, formula (II), represents an optionally substituted aryl group which can optionally contain heteroatoms, the ring B, formula (III), represents an optionally substituted nitrogen containing aryl group, which can optionally contain further heteroatoms, or the ring A may be taken with the ring B binding to the ring A to form a ring; the group C, formula (IV), represents an acyclic carbene, or a cyclic carbene (ring C), which can optionally contain heteroatoms, the ring D, formula (V), represents an optionally substituted aryl group which can optionally contain heteroatoms, n1 is an integer of 1 to 3, m1 is an integer of 0, 1, or 2, m2 is an integer 0, or 1, M1 is a metal with an atomic weight of greater than 40, L3 is a monodentate ligand, or a bidentate ligand, Y is —C(?O)—, or —C(X1)2-, wherein X1 is hydrogen, or C1-4alkyl, especially hydrogen, and y is 0, or 1, especially 0; a process for their preparation, ele

Abstract: Disclosed is a composition comprising a charged particle of volume 5 nm3 to 50 million nm3 preferably having an inorganic core of SiO2, AI2O3, and/or TiO2, or a core essentially consisting of an organic pigment and/or pigment derivative, and a counter ion which is separable from the particle and is not covalently linked to the particle, said counter ion comprising a silicon atom which is directly bound to a carbon atom. Preferably, said charged particle comprises a dye attached to said inorganic core and said counter ion comprises a (poly)siloxane moiety linked via suitable bridge members to a quaternary, positively charged, nitrogen or phosphorus atom, or to a moiety carrying an anionic functional group. Said composition may be used e.g. in the form of a homogenous dispersion in an electrophoretic display.

Abstract: Described is a pigment dispersion which is useful for electrophoretic displays comprising ?) a bis-oxodihydro-indolylene-benzodifuranone colorant of the Formula (I) wherein the substituents are defined as in claim 1, ? a specific polymeric dispersant, and ?) a solvent which is suitable for dispersions used in electrophoretic displays. Also described are novel colourants and dispersants.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for polymerising (hetero)aromatic compounds under formation of aryl-aryl C—C couplings for preparing conjugated polymers with high molecular weight and high regioregularity, and to novel polymers obtainable by this process. The invention further relates to the use of the novel polymers as semiconductors or charge transport materials in optical, electrooptical or electronic devices including field effect transistors (FETs), thin film transistors (TFT), electroluminescent, photovoltaic and sensor devices.

Abstract: This invention relates to electroluminescent metal complexes of the formula (I), wherein the ring A, formula (II), represents an optionally substituted aryl group which can optionally contain heteroatoms, the ring B, formula (III), represents an optionally substituted nitrogen containing aryl group, which can optionally contain further heteroatoms, or the ring A may be taken with the ring B binding to the ring A to form a ring; the group C, formula (IV), represents an acyclic carbene, or a cyclic carbene (ring C), which can optionally contain heteroatoms, the ring D, formula (V), represents an optionally substituted aryl group which can optionally contain heteroatoms, n1 is an integer of 1 to 3, m1 is an integer of 0, 1, or 2, m2 is an integer 0, or 1, M1 is a metal with an atomic weight of greater than 40, L3 is a monodentate ligand, or a bidentate ligand, Y is —C(?O)—, or —C(X1)2-, wherein X1 is hydrogen, or C1-4alkyl, especially hydrogen, and y is 0, or 1, especially 0; a process for their preparation, ele

Abstract: The dirt pickup resistance of substrates, in particular coatings, is improved by the incorporation of small amount of certain layered double hydroxide particles. Methods for the preparation of effective, readily intercalated, layered double hydroxide particles and compositions comprising them, such as architectural coatings, in particular water based architectural coatings, are provided.

Abstract: Color filter comprising a surface-modified nanoparticle wherein a cationic colorant is covalently attached to the surface of said nanoparticle, a polymerizable mixture for making color filters, a surface-modified nanoparticle and its use.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for the preparation of a compound of the general formula (I), which comprises converting a compound of the general formula (II), in an aprotic organic solvent in the presence of a catalytically active amount of a strong acid (catalyst) or of an agent that liberates a strong acid or of an ammonium salt of a strong acid, it also being possible for the catalyst to be part of the starting material/product, into a compound of formula I, wherein R5, R6 and R8 are each independently of the others a hydrogen atom, a nitro group, a sulfo group, a halogen atom, a pseudohalogen, a group COOR1 or CONHR2 or a C1-8 alkyl, C1-8 alkoxy or aryloxy radical, an amide group, a thioalkyl or thioaryl radical, an alkyl- or aryl-sulfonyl radical, an alkyl- or aryl-sulfinyl radical, a trifluoromethyl group or a phosphono group, R1 and R2 being a hydrogen atom or a C1-8 alkyl radical or an aryl or aralkyl radical, R10 is a group —C(O)CH2C(O)CH3 and R11 is a hydrogen atom or an acyl radical, o

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for the preparation of a compound of the general formula (1), which comprises converting a compound of the general formula (II), in an aprotic organic solvent in the presence of a catalytically active amount of a strong acid (catalyst) or of an agent that liberates a strong acid or of an ammonium salt of a strong acid, it also being possible for the catalyst to be part of the starting material/product, into a compound of formula I, wherein R5, R6 and R8 are each independently of the others a hydrogen atom, a nitro group, a sulfo group, a halogen atom, a pseudohalogen, a group COOR1 or CONHR2 or a C1-8 alkyl, C1-8 alkoxy or aryloxy radical, an amide group, a thioalkyl or thioaryl radical, an alkyl- or aryl-sulfonyl radical, an alkyl- or aryl-sulfinyl radical, a trifluoromethyl group or a phosphono group, R1 and R2 being a hydrogen atom or a C1-8 alkyl radical or an aryl or aralkyl radical, R10 is a group —C(O)CH2C(O)CH3 and R11 is a hydrogen atom or an acyl radica

Abstract: Preparation of sparingly soluble aromatic amines by catalytic hydrogenation of the corresponding aromatic nitro compounds in the presence of hydrogen, a solvent and a catalyst having a particle size of not less than 0.5 mm, wherein the aromatic nitro compound selected is a compound whose corresponding amine is soluble to an extent of not more than 50% by weight in the solvent used under the reaction conditions of the hydrogenation, and also their use for preparing azo compounds.

Abstract: Diketopyrrolopyrroles of formula I ##STR1## are prepared by reacting a diketopyrrolopyrrole of formula II ##STR2## with a) formic acid or b) a compound of formula IIIX'--H (III)or with an alkali metal formate or alkaline earth metal formate together with carbon monoxide in the presence of a catalyst, wherein, in formulae I, II and III, A is a direct bond or a group ##STR3## wherein phenylene is bound to the pyrrolopyrrole, R.sub.1, R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 are each independently of one another hydrogen, halogen, C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 alkyl, C.sub.5 -C.sub.6 cycloalkyl, C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 alkoxy, C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 alkylamino, C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 alkylmercapto, --CF.sub.3, --CN or --NO.sub.2, X is X' or OH, X' is --OR.sub.4 or --N(R.sub.5)(R.sub.6), wherein R.sub.4 is C.sub.1 -C.sub.18 alkyl, C.sub.5 -C.sub.6 cycloalkyl; phenyl or naphthyl which is unsubstituted or substituted by halogen, C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 alkyl, C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 alkoxy, C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 alkylamino, --CN or --NO.sub.2, R.sub.5 and R.sub.

Abstract: Diketopyrrolo?3,4-c!pyrroles of the formula ##STR1## in which X and Y independently of one another are a divalent aromatic radical and R is a radical CN, COR.sub.5, CO.sub.2 R.sub.5, CON(R.sub.5).sub.2, NO.sub.2, SO.sub.2 R.sub.5, SOR.sub.5, SO.sub.2 N(R.sub.5).sub.2 or PO(OR.sub.6).sub.2.For the definition of the substituents R.sub.1, R.sub.2 and R.sub.5, refer to claim 1.These compounds are blue to violet, tinctorially strong pigments with good stability properties, in particular good light stability and weather stability.

Abstract: 1,4-diketopyrrolopyrroles of the formula ##STR1## in which R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 independently of one another are hydrogen, C.sub.12 -C.sub.24 alkyl, C.sub.6 -C.sub.24 alkyl which is interrupted one or more times by O or S, or are a group of the formula ##STR2## in which R.sub.5 is C.sub.4 -C.sub.18 alkyl or C.sub.5 -C.sub.10 cycloalkyl,R.sub.3 is a polymerizable reactive group,R.sub.4, if R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are hydrogen, is C.sub.6 -C.sub.24 alkyl which is attached directly or by way of O or S to the benzene ring and is uninterrupted or is interrupted one or more times by O or S, andR.sub.4, if R.sub.1 and/or R.sub.2 are C.sub.12 -C.sub.24 alkyl, is C.sub.6 -C.sub.24 alkyl which is interrupted one or more times by O or S or is a group ##STR3## hydrogen, halogen, methyl, methoxy, CN or phenyl, or is the same as R.sub.3.

Abstract: The invention relates to diketopyrrolo?3,4-c!pyrroles of formula ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are each independently of the other hydrogen, halogen, C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 alkyl, cyano or a --OR.sub.3, --COOR.sub.3, --CON(R.sub.3)(R.sub.4), --COR.sub.3 or --N(R.sub.3)(R.sub.4) group, and R.sub.3 and R.sub.4 are each independently of the other hydrogen, C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 alkyl, phenyl which is unsubstituted or substituted by halogen or C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 alkyl.Said diketopyrrolo?3,4-c!pyrroles are pigments colored in a strong yellow shade having good fastness properties.

Abstract: Mass-coloured synthetic polyamide containing, as pigment, at least one diketopyrrolopyrrole pigment of formula ##STR1## wherein A and B are each independently of the other a radical of formula ##STR2## wherein Q is a --CONH.sub.2 group,m is 1 or 2,R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are each independently of the other hydrogen, Cl, Br, CH.sub.3 or C.sub.2 H.sub.5,R.sub.3 is hydrogen, CH.sub.3, C.sub.2 H.sub.5 or phenyl,X is a direct bond, --O--, --S--, --SO.sub.2 --, --CH.dbd.CH--, --CH.sub.2 -- or --C(CH.sub.3).sub.2 --, andY is --O-- or --S--.Polyamides mass-coloured with the pigments useful in the practice of this invention have exceptional heat stability and excellent lightfastness.