Abstract: Resonance scattering analysis of at least 3-component (3-C) VSP data detects heterogeneities in the proximity of a borehole. A method for seismic exploration of a pre-determined volume of the earth for assessing features of the volume using at least 3-C VSP data generated for the volume comprises: computing a resonance spectra indicating resonance scattering of the at least 3-C VSP data; and determining a lateral continuity of said features in accordance with the resonance spectra. Zero amplitude in a resonance spectrum indicates definite polarization of the direct pressure wave into the ray direction and very weak lateral heterogeneity along the path of the direct wave. High amplitudes in a resonance spectrum are observed if energy of the direct wave is observed on the horizontal components due to scattering at small-scale lateral heterogeneities near the receiver. Peak frequency provides information on the size and location of the scattering structure.

Abstract: Resonance scattering analysis of at least 3-component (3-C) VSP data detects heterogeneities in the proximity of a borehole. A method for seismic exploration of a pre-determined volume of the earth for assessing features of the volume using at least 3-C VSP data generated for the volume comprises: computing a resonance spectra indicating resonance scattering of the at least 3-C VSP data; and determining a lateral continuity of said features in accordance with the resonance spectra. Zero amplitude in a resonance spectrum indicates definite polarization of the direct pressure wave into the ray direction and very weak lateral heterogeneity along the path of the direct wave. High amplitudes in a resonance spectrum are observed if energy of the direct wave is observed on the horizontal components due to scattering at small-scale lateral heterogeneities near the receiver. Peak frequency provides information on the size and location of the scattering structure.