Abstract: A method of determining position information, the method having detecting—along a first direction—a value of a geometry parameter related to a structure formed on and/or in a substrate, and determining—with regard to a second direction—a value of a position parameter based on the detected value of the geometry parameter and a predetermined relationship between the geometry parameter and the position parameter.

Abstract: A method of determining position information, the method having detecting—along a first direction—a value of a geometry parameter related to a structure formed on and/or in a substrate, and determining—with regard to a second direction—a value of a position parameter based on the detected value of the geometry parameter and a predetermined relationship between the geometry parameter and the position parameter.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for absorbance detection in instrumental situations which have short absorption path lengths, such as microchip type devices, includes modulating the sample beam incident upon a sample cell to improve the sensitivity of the absorbance measurement. The modulation means includes a scanning device arranged to move the sample beam from a first position in which the sample beam is incident upon the sample area to a second position in which the sample beam is incident upon the cell.

Abstract: A procedure is described to calibrate an optical converter, especially for use in the field of reflectrometric interference spectroscopy. The converter has a layer/substrate system with a layer and a substrate. A light beam shines from the substrate side, and parts of it are reflected or transmitted at the interfaces of air/substrate, substrate/layer and layer/air. The converter in particular serves to convert the light beam into a modulated (especially frequency modulated or phase modulated) signal. The light is varied within a wavelength or frequency range from which a corresponding modulated spectrum is determined. In particular, it is assumed that the performance quantities of especially the converter and a radiation source generating the light are subject to temporal fluctuations.

Abstract: Analyte cells with different properties flow through a flow cytometric detector arrangement. The number of analyte cells having the different properties is determined. To compensate for errors due to two or more analyte cells being simultaneously in the cytometric cell, the actual number of analyte cells with a specific property is calculated from the measured values of cells with this specific property by using a statistical model about the probability of simultaneous occurrences of cells in the cytometric cell. A data processing arrangement has a memory including the model and receives as input data the measured analyte cell numbers and uses an experimentally determined coincidence rate for calculating actual analyte cell numbers.

Abstract: A microfluidic microchip includes a channel structure having a delivery channel connected in a substance conductive manner to a separation channel. Laterally offset discharge channels are at connection points displaced from a connection point between the delivery and separation channels. Between the connection points on the one hand and the connection point on the other are channel sections having concordant channel lengths. By imposing suitable electrical potentials along these channel sections, the filling volumes present in the channel sections are satisfactorily homogenous after a certain period of time to form a representative part of a substance specimen. Substance volume units are formed in these channel sections. The lengths of the volume units are determined exclusively by the lengths of the channel sections. Pulse-shaped substance volume sequences are injected into the separation channel.

Abstract: The present invention concerns an apparatus and method for absorbance detection in instrumental situations which have short absorption path lengths, such as microchip type devices. By modulating the sample beam incident upon a sample cell, the sensitivity of the absorbance measurement is improved. The modulation means includes a scanning device arranged to move the sample beam from a first position in which the sample beam is incident upon said sample area to a second position in which the sample beam is incident upon the cell.

Abstract: A procedure is described to calibrate an optical converter (1), especially for use in the field of reflectrometric interference spectroscopy. The converter (1) has a layer/substrate system with a layer (2) and a substrate (3). A light beam (4) shines from the substrate (3) side, and parts of it are reflected (8-10) or transmitted (11) at the interfaces of air/substrate (5), substrate/layer (6) and layer/air (7). The converter (1) in particular serves to convert the light beam (4) into a modulated (especially frequency modulated or phase modulated) signal. The light (4) is varied within a wavelength or frequency range from which a corresponding modulated spectrum is determined. In particular, it is assumed that the performance quantities of especially the converter and a radiation source generating the light (4) are subject to temporal fluctuations.

Abstract: A microtiter plate is formed of a bottom plate which is transparent for light and a cavity plate which is open at two surfaces facing one another and which has a matrix-shaped arrangement of cavities or wells. The bottom plate and cavity plate are fixedly connected with one another in a liquid-tight manner. The bottom plate has a thickness of from 0.01 mm to approximately 5 mm and has planar surfaces without structures. It has, at its first surface facing the wells, a layer system formed of at least two layers with different indexes of refraction. The bottom plate is provided at its second surface remote of the wells with a coating which sharply reduces the reflectivity of this surface. The bottom plate is recessed into the lower part of the cavity plate in such a way that it does not project over a support surface located in the cavity plate.